Ecotoxicity evaluation of Cu- and Fe-CNT complexes based on the activity of bacterial bioluminescence and seed germination

The toxic effects of the composites of Fe~0 and Cu~0 with different percentages of CNTs were examined based on the activity of bacterial bioluminescence and seed germination. In terms of the EC_50 values, the toxic effects of Cu~0 on bacterial bioluminescence and seed germination were approximately 2 and 180 times greater than that of Fe~0, respectively. The toxicity increased with increasing CNT content in the Cu-CNT mixtures for both organisms,whereas opposite results were observed with Fe-CNT mixtures. The mean toxic effects of Cu-CNT(6%) were approximately 1.3–1.4 times greater than that of Cu-CNT(0%), whereas the toxic effects of Fe-CNT(6%) were approximately 2.1–2.5 times lower than that of Fe-CNT(0%) for both the bioluminescence activity and seed germination. The causes of this phenomenon are unclear at this point. More research will be needed to elucidate the mechanism of the toxicity of nano-mixture materials and the causes of the different patterns of toxicity with Cu-and Fe-CNT mixtures.     

三槽氧化沟内底推位置与积泥厚度的分析研究

氧化沟工艺由于进水中含有大量的无机颗粒,无机颗粒的沉淀导致沟内积泥较厚。为了不影响正常生产,依据经验数据,依次对1号、2号氧化沟安装底推。对沟内积泥情况及影响因素进行分析比较,得出氧化沟的积泥主要由进水中密度较大的无机颗粒造成,且积泥规律与底推安装位置和运行情况相关。     

Fluent软件在地表水源热泵系统温排水数值模拟中的运用

运用Fluent软件对重庆市嘉陵江化龙桥段瑞安新天地江水水源热泵系统尾水排入受纳水域的过程进行二维数值模拟,选取Fluent中非耦合、隐式求解器对模型内的定常流动进行求解,得出受纳水域受水源热泵系统温排水影响后的温升面积和温度梯度。结果表明:在温排水流量为2.0×103 m3/h、温差为4℃的条件下,计算该水域沿水流方向温升超过1℃的最大影响距离为150.4 m,温升超过1℃的水域面积约为1 525 m2,为模拟江水面积的8.59%。选取1℃温升值作为温升带的边界控制值,并在热泵系统最大负荷工况下,根据W=Q×ΔT计算研究水域热环境容量为19.402 m3.℃/s,剩余热环境容量为17.736 m3.℃/s。根据地表水环境质量标准,该工程温排水量小于受纳水域的热承载力,不会对受纳水域生态环境造成热污染。     

村镇建设中农村污水处理设施的选择

有机废弃物是村镇环境的主要污染源,污水处理已成为村镇建设中亟待解决的问题。受经济发展水平限制,常规的污水处理设施在村镇难以实施,为此必须采用适合村镇经济水平和管理水平的污水处理方式。针对村镇的实施条件,在对几类小型简易污水处理设施特点进行分析的基础上,提出在村镇建设中易推行结构简单、费用低廉、便于管理、实施方便的沼气发酵池和地埋式无动力污水处理设施,以初步解决村镇污水问题。     

Effect of nutrient conditions on the toxicity of naphthalene to Chlorella pyrenoidosa

The toxicity of naphthalene to a freshwater microalga, Chlorella pyrenoidosa, and the subsequent recovery of algae from the damage were investigated under two nutrient conditions, either enriched with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), or starved of N and P. Results showed that C. pyrenoidosa was more sensitive to naphthalene under N,P-enriched condition, and the inhibitory rate generally increased at first and then decreased gradually with the evaporation of naphthalene under both nutrient conditions. Enriched N, P reduced the inhibitory rate at initial naphthalene concentration of 5 and 10 mg/L, but enhanced it at 100 mg/L, at which more severe ultrastructure damages were found than those under N,P-starved condition. Observed damages included partly or totally disappearance of nucleolus, nuclear, and plasma membranes. According to the chlorophyll content and cell density measurements, C. pyrenoidosa could recover from naphthalene damage with initial concentrations 6 50 mg/L in 7 days under both nutrient conditions, while they could not recover if the initial concentration of naphthalene was at 100 mg/L. Under the N,P-starved condition, the inability of C. pyrenoidosa to recover from the naphthalene damage was consistent with the results of high inhibitory rate, low value of specific growth rate (SGR, 0.05 day??1), and the severe destruction of cell structure. However, under the N,P-enriched conditions, the observed lower inhibitory rate, higher value of SGR (0.55 day??1), and the intact cell structure of most cells suggested that algae could potentially recover from the naphthalene damage.     

金属矿山采选项目的环境管理制度执行情况及问题分析

介绍了金属矿山项目的一般环境影响及特殊环境影响,通过识别金属矿山的特殊环境影响,以金属矿山尾矿库溃坝事故为例,对金属矿山项目环境管理制度执行情况及在管理过程中存在的问题进行了分析。尽管在矿山开采建设及服务过程都伴随着环境制度的监管,但是在实际运行过程中仍会出现不同的问题,产生环境污染影响与生态影响。因此,识别出金属矿山项目采选易发生的环境问题,在开发矿产资源的同时做好矿山环境保护及管理工作、加强矿山环境制度建设及环境监管是非常必要的。     

Effect of graphene oxide exposure on intestinal Wnt signaling in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Exposure to engineered nanomaterials(ENMs), such as graphene oxide(GO), can potentially induce the response of various molecular signaling pathways, which can mediate the protective function or the toxicity induction.Wnt signaling pathway is conserved evolutionarily in organisms.Using Caenorhabditis elegans as an in vivo assay model, we investigated the effect of GO exposure on intestinal Wnt signaling.In the intestine, GO exposure dysregulated Frizzled receptor MOM-5, Disheveled protein DSH-2, GSK-3(a component of APC complex), and two β-catenin proteins(BAR-1 and HMP-2), which mediated the induction of GO toxicity.In GO exposed nematodes, a Hox protein EGL-5 acted as a downstream target of BAR-1, and fatty acid transport ACS-22 acted as a downstream target of HMP-2.Functional analysis on HMP-2 and ACS-22 suggested that the dysregulation of these two proteins provides an important basis for the observed deficit in functional state of intestinal barrier.Our results imply the association of dysregulation in physiological and functional states of intestinal barrier with toxicity induction of GO in organisms.     

独立学院教学中的四忌

独立学院的学生与母体高校学生相比有一定的特殊性。独立学院的教学如若完全沿用母体高校的方法和要求,势必会出现一些问题和矛盾。为此,在独立学院教学中,教师应注意四忌。     

苏南地区部分饮用水源水的有机污染物研究

以美国EPA建议的多污染物分析与评价系统,对苏南地区部分饮用水源水质的危险度进行了评价。评价结果各水样健康危险度均>1,表明各水样对人健康均存在潜在危害,而生态风险度均<1。同时,采用人外周血淋巴细胞彗星试验,对各水样有机浓集物的生物毒性进行了研究,结果表明水样浓集物可对淋巴细胞DNA产生不同程度的损伤,存在一定的遗传毒性。试验结果与水质状况基本一致,表明上述两种方法对于评价水体有机物污染的有效性。     

Aerosol optical properties under different pollution levels in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China

To clarify the aerosol hygroscopic growth and optical properties of the Pearl River Delta(PRD)region,integrated observations were conducted in Heshan City of Guangdong Province from October 19 to November 17,2014.The concentrations and chemical compositions of PM_2.5,aerosol optical properties and meteorological parameters were measured.The mean value of PM_2.5 increased from less than 35(excellent) to 35-75 μg/m³(good) and then to greater than 75 μg/m³(...