流动电位法测定滤料表面的Zeta电位

滤料表面的ζ电位是评价滤料颗粒表面性质的重要指标之一,研究滤料表面的ζ电位对于提高过滤效率以及开发改性滤料是十分重要的.根据流动电位与ζ电位的关系自制了一套测定ζ电位的装置,经测定计算出了4种常用水处理滤料表面的ζ电位,结果表明:当滤料的粒径范围在0.45～0.9mm之间时,使用该装置测得的磁铁矿、无烟煤、核桃壳和陶粒表面ζ电位分别为-27.64mV、-6.54mV、-5.87mV、-2.30mV.电子能谱和红外光谱分析结果证明磁铁矿、无烟煤、核桃壳和陶粒滤料表面ζ电位的差异主要归因于其表面化学结构的不同.     

Synthesis of novel CeO2-BiVO4/FAC composites with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic properties

To utilize visible light more effectively in photocatalytic reactions, a fly ash cenosphere （FAC）-supported CeO2-BiV04 （CeO2-BiVO4/FAC） composite photocatalyst was prepared by modified metalorganic decomposition and impregnation methods. The physical and photophysical properties of the composite have been characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM） and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, and UV-Visible diffuse reflectance spectra. The XRD patterns exhibited characteristic diffraction peaks of both BiVO4 and Ce02 crystalline phases. The XPS results showed that Ce was present as both Ce4＋ and Ce3＋ oxidation states in Ce02 and dispersed on the surface of BiV04 to constitute a p-n heterojunction composite. The absorption threshold of the CeO2-BiVO4/FAC composite shifted to a longer wavelength in the UV-Vis absorption spectrum compared to the pure Ce02 and pure BiV04. The composites exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity for Methylene Blue （MB） degradation under visible light irradiation. It was found that the 7.5 wt.% CeO2-BiVO4/FAC composite showed the highest photocatalytic activity for MB dye wastewater treatment.     

Organotins and imposex in the rock shell, Thais clavigera, from oyster mariculture areas in Taiwan

The amounts of organotin compounds such as butyltins [sigma BTs: tributyl- (TBT), dibutyl- (DBT), monobutyl- (MBT)] and phenyltins [sigma PhTs: triphenyl- (TPhT), diphenyl- (DPhT) and monophenyl- (MPhT)] in rock shells, Thais clavigera, from the northern (Shiangsan), central (Lukang) and southern (Chiku) Taiwan oyster mariculture areas varied with season and location. High values of sigma BTs (mainly TBT) and low values of sigma PhTs (mainly TPhT) were found during winter (January 1999) at Shiangsan, while high amounts of sigma PhTs (mainly TPhT) and low sigma BTs (mainly TBT) were found during summer (August 1998) at Lukang. The snails were also affected by imposex. Imposex at Shiangsan, Lukang and Chiku increased from 67.1, 59.3 and 36.7% in summer to 100, 100 and 80% in winter, respectively. Relative penis size indices similar trend at Chiku site. No male displayed rock shells were found at Shiangsan and Lukang in winter. Linear correlations between pseudopenis length versus TBT (r = 0.7655, P < 0.001), DBT (r = 0.4253, P < 0.05), MBT (r = 0.5865, P < 0.01) and TPhT (r = -0.6160, P < 0.01) were obtained significant. Among 200 samples, significant positive correlations between length (pseudopenis/shell) ratio of female versus TBT (r = 0.6944, P < 0.005) and sigma BTs (r = 0.6413, r < 0.01) were also observed. The weak correlations between length (pseudopenis/shell) ratio of female versus DBT (r = 0.3085) and MBT (r = 0.4240, P < 0.1) and TPhT (-0.4917, P < 0.05; negative correlation) could indicate that DBT, MBT and TPhT have little or no effect on the development of imposex in rock shells.     

Development of emission factors for polyamide processing

Emission factors for selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and particulate material were developed during processing of commercial grades of polyamide 6, polyamide 66, and polyamide 66/6 resins. A small commercial-type extruder was used, and melt temperatures ranged from 475 to 550 degrees F. An emission factor was calculated for each substance measured and is reported as pounds released to the atmosphere per million pounds of polymer resin processed. Scaled to production volumes, these emission factors can be used by processors to estimate emission quantities from similar polyamide extrusion operations.     

Modeling VOCs adsorption onto activated carbon

The activated carbon adsorption process is affected by the characteristics of adsorbent, adsorbate and environmental conditions. In this study, both adsorption and desorption processes are assumed to occur simultaneously and a numerical model was developed with a non-linear driving force in conjunction with the Langmuir model for predicting the overall adsorption process. The numerical model provides both adsorption and desorption rate constants and activation energies. The resultant equilibrium constants are of the same order of magnitude as reported by other studies. Results show that the model could well predict the adsorption isotherms and breakthrough curves under various conditions.     

环境条件变化对太湖沉积物磷释放的影响

本文系统研究了环境条件变化对太湖沉积物磷释放的影响，结果表明：温度、ＰＨ、氧化还原条件对沉积物磷释放有很大影响，获得了在不同环境条件下磷释放的方程，结果还表明，厌氧下（ＤＯ〈１．０ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１）沉积物磷的最大释放量明显高于好氧条件（ＤＯ〉８．０ｍｇ．ｌ＾－１），其释放速率分别为３．１４μｇ．ｇ＾－１．ｄ＾－１和２．７５μｇ＾－１．ｄ＾－１，相应的动力学方程可表示为ＣＰ＝Ａｅ＾ｂ／ｔ，观察到藻与沉     

深部大跨度泥质顶板剪切冒落失稳区预测研

为了预测深部大跨度泥质顶板剪切冒落失稳区范围,基于泥岩峰后黏聚力软化-内摩擦角硬化的力学特性,获得了基于Mohr-Coulomb理论的泥岩峰后黏聚力软化-内摩擦角硬化的力学模型及参数,构建了深部大跨度泥质巷道数值模型,提出了泥岩峰后各强度参数变化对巷道顶板剪切破坏区的影响范围。结果表明:泥岩在峰后剪切破坏过程中具有明显的黏聚力软化-内摩擦角硬化特性;基于泥岩峰后黏聚力软化-内摩擦角硬化计算获得的巷道顶板剪切冒落高度小于黏聚力软化-内摩擦角软化的计算高度;巷道顶板潜在剪切破坏区位置及范围与泥岩峰后黏聚力软化-内摩擦角硬化计算结果十分接近。     

环境信息披露质量对企业价值的影响研究——基于市场化视角的分析

迫于环境保护的压力,企业环境信息披露质量的提高成为亟待解决的问题。在回顾国内外相关文献的基础上,采用内容分析法收集整理了沪深股市2013～2017年重污染行业企业的环境数据,在此基础上利用OLS模型构建环境信息披露指数用以测度环境信息披露质量,并将市场化程度纳入到实证分析框架,研究发现:(1)环境信息披露质量与企业价值之间呈现显著的正相关关系,即环境信息披露具有沟通效应,降低了企业与外界的信息不对称程度,促进了企业价值的显著提升;(2)环境信息披露质量与企业价值之间的关系在不同市场化程度中表现出很大的差异性,相较于市场化程度高的地区,位于低市场化程度地区的企业,环境信息公开对其价值提升的贡献度更大。这一研究成果不仅为企业提高环境信息披露质量、强化绿色竞争优势提供了经验支持,而且也为政府规范企业行为提供了决策参考。