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排序方式: 共有104条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
91.
Sang Moon Lee Kwang Hee Park Sung Su Kim Dong Wook Kwon 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(9):1085-1092
TiO2-supported manganese oxide catalysts formed using different calcination temperatures were prepared by using the wet-impregnation method and were investigated for their activity in the low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO by NH3 with respect to the Mn valence and lattice oxygen behavior. The surface and bulk properties of these catalysts were examined using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). Catalysts prepared using lower calcination temperatures, which contained Mn4+, displayed high SCR activity at low temperatures and possessed several acid sites and active oxygen. The TPD analysis determined that the Brönsted and Lewis acid sites in the Mn/TiO2 catalysts were important for the low-temperature SCR at 80~160 and 200~350 °C, respectively. In addition, the available lattice oxygen was important for attaining high NO to NO2 oxidation at low temperatures.
Implications: Recently, various Mn catalysts have been evaluated as SCR catalysts. However, there have been no studies on the relationship of adsorption and desorption properties and behavior of lattice oxygen according to the valence state for manganese oxides (MnOx). Therefore, in this study, the catalysts were prepared by the wet-impregnation method at different calcination temperatures in order to show the difference of manganese oxidation state. These catalysts were then characterized using various physicochemical techniques, including BET, XRD, TPR, and TPD, to understand the structure, oxidation state, redox properties, and adsorption and desorption properties of the Mn/TiO2 catalysts. 相似文献
92.
Cayetano MG Kim YJ Jung JS Batmunkh T Lee KY Kim SY Kim KC Kim DG Lee SJ Kim JS Chang LS 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2011,61(11):1192-1203
Deokjeok Island is located off the west coast of the Korean Peninsula and is a suitable place to monitor the long-range transport of air pollutants from the Asian continent. In addition to pollutants, Asian dust particles are also transported to the island during long-range transport events. Episodic transport of dust and secondary particles was observed during intensive measurements in the spring (March 31-April 11) and fall (October 13-26) of 2009. In this study, the chemical characteristics of long-range-transported particles were investigated based on highly time-resolved ionic measurements with a particle-into-liquid system coupled with an online ion chromatograph (PILS-IC) that simultaneously measures concentrations of cations (Li+, Na , NH4+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) and anions (F-, C1-, NO3-, SO42-). The aerosol optical thickness (AOT) distribution retrieved by the modified Bremen Aerosol Retrieval (M-BAER) algorithm from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite data confirmed the presence of a thick aerosol plume coming from the Asian continent towards the Korean peninsula. Seven distinctive events involving the long-range transport (LRT) of aerosols were identified and studied, the chemical components of which were strongly related to sector sources. Enrichment of acidic secondary aerosols on mineral dust particles, and even of sea-salt components, during transport was observed in this study. Backward trajectory, chemical analyses, and satellite aerosol retrievals identified two distinct events: a distinctively high [Ca2++Mg2]/[Na+] ratio (>2.0), which was indicative of a preprocessed mineral dust transport event, and a low [Ca2++Mg2+]/[Na+] ratio (<2.0), which was indicative of severe aging of sea-salt components on the processed dust particles. Particulate C1- was depleted by up to 85% in spring and 50% in the fall. A consistent fraction of carbonate replacement (FCR) averaged 0.53 in spring and 0.55 in the fall. Supporting evidences of C1- enrichment on the marine boundary layer prior to a dust front were also found. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of the Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association for sector and air mass classifications of clean and LRT cases. 相似文献
93.
Priyadarshi Ruchir Khan Ajahar Ezati Parya Tammina Sai Kumar Priyadarshi Sunaina Bhattacharya Tanima Kim Jun Tae Rhim Jong-Whan 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(3):1673-1699
Environmental Chemistry Letters - About 70 million tons of sulfur are produced yearly as a by-product of petroleum refining, and 10 millions are overproduced and accumulated, thus requiring... 相似文献
94.
Jutamas Kaewsuk Worachat Thorasampan Monthon Thanuttamavong Gyu Tae Seo 《Journal of environmental management》2010,91(5):1161-1168
This experimental study was conducted to evaluate a membrane sequencing batch reactor (MSBR) with mixed culture photosynthetic bacteria for dairy wastewater treatment. The study was undertaken in two steps: laboratory and pilot scale experiments. In the first step, kinetics analysis of the MSBR was carried out in a laboratory scale experiment with influent COD concentration of 2500 mg/L. The pilot scale experiment was conducted to investigate the performance of the MSBR and checked the suitability of the kinetics for an engineering design. The kinetic coefficients Ks, k, kd, Y and μm were found to be 174-mg-COD/L, 7.42/d, 0.1383/d, 0.2281/d and 1.69/d, respectively. There were some deviations of COD removal efficiency between the design value and the actual value. From the kinetics estimation, COD effluent from the design was 27 mg/L while the average actual COD effluent from the experiment was 149 mg/L. Due to the different light source condition, the factors relating to light energy (i.e. Lf and IR%) must be incorporated into engineering design and performance prediction with these kinetic coefficients of the photosynthetic MSBR. 相似文献
95.
Sang Hwa Jin Yeong-Koo Yeo Kwang Ho Song In-Won Kim 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2002,15(6):439-444
Although reliability analyses have been used to improve the reliability of industrial systems, generic reliability data from publications, such as component failure intensities and repair times, are used to calculate reliability measures instead of the real reliability data collected from the plant. One reason is that the repair history of the components is not well managed in the plant. In this work, the effect of extreme reliability parameter values on system reliability and unavailability is studied. To do this, importance and uncertainty analysis of the components of flue gas scrubber systems is carried out, and results calculated with the extreme reliability parameter values are compared with those with the mean reliability values of the systems. The different reliability parameter values can give us totally different ranks of the components critical to the reliability of the representative scrubber system. Consequently, the effort to establish a reliable database is emphasized to perform accurate reliability analysis of the system. 相似文献
96.
Tritium levels in Chinese cabbage and radish plants acutely exposed to HTO vapor at different growth stages 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Choi YH Lim KM Lee WY Park HG Choi GS Keum DK Lee H Kim SB Lee CW 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2005,84(1):79-94
To simulate an acute exposure of Chinese cabbage and radish plants to airborne HTO, the potted plants were exposed to HTO vapor under semi-outdoor conditions for 1h at different times from the early to late growth stages. The plants were grown outdoors and the plant tritium was measured at the end of an exposure (h(0)) and at harvest. The leaf tissue free water tritium (TFWT) concentrations at h(0) were considerably lower than estimated equilibrium concentrations. In the leaves of Chinese cabbage, the exposure at the earlier growth stage generally ended with a higher TFWT concentration. Such a tendency was not apparent either in the leaves or roots of radish. On the other hand, the earlier stage exposure gave rise to lower TFWT concentrations at the harvest of both crops. For the OBT (organically bound tritium), however, the same occurred only in the Chinese cabbage leaves. During the period between the exposure and harvest, the TFWT concentrations reduced by factors of up to 1.1 x 10(6) for the Chinese cabbage leaves and 1.3 x 10(4) for the radish roots. Based on the activity ratios of OBT to TFWT at harvest, it is estimated that OBT mostly contributes much more to the ingestion dose than TFWT does. 相似文献
97.
This study compared the swine wastewater treatment of two identical lab-scale two-stage sequencing batch reactors (TSSBR) under similar conditions except that one was operated on a fixed-time mode and the other on a real-time mode. While both TSSBR systems performed very well, the real-time TSSBR performed far better then the fixed-time TSSBR, in every aspect of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous removal. The removals of COD, TOC, were at 97% and for BOD5 even at 99.7%. In terms of NH4-N and TKN removals, the real-time TSSBR achieved removal of over 98%. For phosphorus removals (Ortho-P and total P) the results from the real-time TSSBR was quite remarkable at 97.7%. 相似文献
98.
Cheuk W Lo KV Branion RM Fraser B 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2003,38(6):855-863
This study investigated the benefits of an on-site sustainable solid waste treatment and utilization system for the greenhouse industry. The composts made from greenhouse wastes were tested and found to contain high nutrient values and good physical properties, and could be used as high quality growing media. The finished composts were tested in a greenhouse against the conventional growth media (sawdust) and resulted in a 10% yield increase by using the compost. An economic analysis was conducted to show the economic benefits of on-site composting for a greenhouse operation. Based on a four-hectare tomato or pepper greenhouse, and amortizing the capital equipment over five years, the net annual cost of composting represents a savings of dollars 8,000 annually. 相似文献
99.
Gwangseob Kim Juan B. Valdés Gerald R. North Hong Tae Kim 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2006,42(1):213-224
A spectral formalism was developed and applied to quantify the sampling errors due to spatial and/or temporal gaps in soil moisture measurements. A design filter was developed to compute the sampling errors for discrete measurements in space and time. This filter has as its advantage a general form applicable to various types of sampling design. The lack of temporal measurements of the two‐dimensional soil moisture field made it difficult to compute the spectra directly from observed records. Therefore, the wave number frequency spectra of soil moisture data derived from stochastic models of rainfall and soil moisture were used. Parameters for both models were estimated using data from the Southern Great Plains Hydrology Experiment (SGP97) and the Oklahoma Mesonet. The estimated sampling error of the spatial average soil moisture measurement by airborne L‐band microwave remote sensing during the SGP97 hydrology experiment is estimated to be 2.4 percent. Under the same climate conditions and soil properties as the SGP97 experiment, equally spaced ground probe networks at intervals of 25 and 50 km are expected to have about 16 percent and 27 percent sampling error, respectively. Satellite designs with temporal gaps of two and three days are expected to have about 6 percent and 9 percent sampling errors, respectively. 相似文献
100.
Contributions of biofilm and suspended sludge to nitrogen transformation and
nitrous oxide emission in hybrid sequencing batch system 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ingwei Wayne Lo Kwang Victor Lo Don S Mavini Dean Shiskowski William Ramey 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(7):953-960
Hybrid system combines the nature of suspended growth and attached growth has been widely applied to wastewater treatment.
In this research, the contributions to N transformation and N2O emission by biofilm and suspended sludge in the hybrid sequencingbatch
reactor for a simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal process were investigated. For the hybrid system,
nitrification occurred mostly in the suspended sludge, while the biofilm played the major role in denitrification. The interaction of
the biofilm and the suspended sludge in the same reactor resulted in a better overall nitrogen removal performance with simultaneous
nitrification and denitrification. However, N2O emission was the main end product of nitrogen removal for the hybrid system; while
it was N2 for the biofilm. The relative low N2O emissions from the pure biofilm and the pure suspended sludge corresponded to the
relatively high nitrate at the end of the aeration period compared with the hybrid system. 相似文献