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71.
Results of analyses of eight samples of technical pentachlorophenol conducted by three different analytical methods are presented and discussed. 相似文献
72.
L. Dallaire MD G. Mitchell R. Giguère F. Lefebvre S. B. Melançon M. Lambert 《黑龙江环境通报》1995,15(9):855-858
Amniocentesis was performed at 17.3 weeks in a pregnancy with severe intrauterine growth retardation. Cytogenetic studies on amniocytes were normal, 46,XX, and the pregnancy was continued. The diagnosis of Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome was suspected in the neonatal period and confirmed by the presence of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) in the plasma (0.4 mmol/l, normal = not detectable) associated with a low total cholesterol concentration (0.4 mmol/l, normal = 2.56 ± 0.23). Retrospective analysis of the amniotic fluid sample revealed an elevated level of 7-DHC (0.022 mmol/l; normal = undetectable). Therefore measurement of 7-DHC levels in amniotic fluid during the second trimester of pregnancy is useful for the prenatal diagnosis of Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome in families at risk and should be considered in cases of severe growth retardation of unknown aetiology for which amniotic fluid is available and in which a normal chromosomal pattern in amniocytes is present. 相似文献
73.
L. Dallaire J. Michaud S. B. Melancon M. Potter M. Lambert G. Mitchell J. Boisvert 《黑龙江环境通报》1991,11(8):629-635
During a follow-up study of 19 790 pregnancies at risk for a genetic disease, from 1968 to 1989, 1083 fetuses were found to have an anomaly during the second trimester, leading to 977 terminations of pregnancy. Neural tube defects (31.4 per cent), chromosomal disorders (27.1 per cent), and Mendelian or multifactorial diseases (10.6 per cent) were the main causes of fetal anomaly. More than half (52.9 per cent) of the fetal anomalies were detected by routine ultrasound examination. Forty-two per cent of cystic hygromas were secondary to a chromosomal defect. We stress the importance of a comprehensive fetal and newborn examination to ensure an accurate diagnosis so that subsequently accurate counselling can be provided. 相似文献
74.
Lambert MR 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1993,82(3):231-237
The impact of DDT ground-spraying against tsetse flies on lizards was investigated in NW Zimbabwe. Nineteen species were recorded, 17 in mopane woodland and 11 on gritstone outcrops: Mabuya striata wahlbergii dominated trees and Mabuya quinquetaeniata margaritifer rocks. Mean frequency of M. s. wahlbergii declined significantly from 76% of lizards at untreated sites (n = 8), through 72% after three annual treatments (n = 4), to 48% after 4-6 treatments (n = 6). Sighting rates and proportion of trees occupied were also significantly lower at treated than untreated sites. Numbers on trunks (99% > 15 cm diameter) above 3 m increased significantly with years of treatment relative to those in the spray target area below 3 m. Total DDT loads rose significantly with number of annual treatments and were up to 263 microg g(-1) lipid (7 microg g(-1) wet body weight) after 3-6 years. The percentage of unaltered DDT increased with load, which was proportionately higher in thin than in fat lizards. The geometric mean total DDT level in M. s. wahlbergii was significantly higher than in outcrop species, and from treated woodland was elevated 21 times above that in lizards from treated outcrops. Frequency and sighting rates of Lygodactylus chobiensis in woodland and immature Agama kirkii on outcrops were significantly higher in treated than in untreated areas. 相似文献
75.
Susan E. Ford V. Monica Bricelj Christophe Lambert Christine Paillard 《Marine Biology》2008,154(2):241-253
The known negative effects of shellfish toxin-producing dinoflagellates on feeding, burrowing and survival of some bivalve
mollusks has prompted questions concerning whether they might also impair the internal defense system of affected bivalves
and make them more susceptible to disease agents. The primary components of the cellular defense system are hemocytes. Many
toxic dinoflagellates are too large to be ingested whole by hemocytes and would most likely be exposed to intracellular toxins
only after the algae are consumed, broken down, and the water-soluble toxins, released. Therefore, we conducted a series of
experiments in which hemocytes from two suspension-feeding bivalves—the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, and the softshell clam, Mya arenaria—were exposed in vitro to filtered extracts of one highly toxic paralytic shellfish toxin (PST)-producing and one nonPST-producing
strain of Alexandrium tamarense (isolates PR18b, 76 ± 6 STXeq cell−1 and CCMP115, with undetectable PST, respectively). We measured adherence and phagocytosis, two hemocyte attributes known
to be inhibited by bacterial pathogens and other stressors. We found no measurable effect of a cell-free extract from a highly
concentrated suspension of the PST-producing strain on hemocytes of either bivalve species. Instead, extract from the nonPST-producing
strain had a consistent negative effect on both clams, resulting in significantly lower adherence and phagocytosis compared
to strain PR18b and filtered seawater controls. The bioactive compound produced by strain CCMP115, which has yet to be characterized,
may be similar to the PST-independent allelopathic compounds described for Alexandrium spp., which act on other plankters. These compounds and those produced by other harmful algae are known to cause immobilization,
cellular deformation and lysis of co-occurring target organisms. Thus, nonPST producing Alexandrium spp., which do not cause paralysis and burrowing incapacitation of clams, may still produce a compound(s) that has negative
effects not only on hemocytes, but on other molluscan cell types and their functions, as well. 相似文献
76.
Janne Flora Kasper Lambert Johansen Bjarne Grønnow Astrid Oberborbeck Andersen Anders Mosbech 《Ambio》2018,47(2):244-264
Information from a collaborative GPS tracking project, Piniariarneq, involving 17 occupational hunters from Qaanaaq and Savissivik, Northwest Greenland, is used to explore the resource spaces of hunters in Avanersuaq today. By comparison with historical records from the time of the Thule Trading Station and the decades following its closure, we reveal a marked variability in resource spaces over time. It is argued that the dynamics of resources and resource spaces in Thule are not underlain by animal distribution and migration patterns, or changes in weather and sea ice conditions alone; but also by economic opportunities, human mobility, settlement patterns, particular historical events and trajectories, and not least by economic and political interests developed outside the region. 相似文献
77.
Benjamin D. Trump Jeffrey M. Keisler James H. Lambert Igor Linkov 《The Environmentalist》2017,37(1):42-45
The 2016 US Presidential Campaign of Donald J. Trump described renewing ‘America’s crumbling infrastructure’ with an extensive program for transportation, water, power grids, telecommunications, security, and other facilities. The program includes incentive-based contracting, jobs creation that leads to increased tax revenues, and attention to reducing waste in procurement. This editorial outlines how key differences between campaigning and governance can affect Presidential transitions for areas such as developing infrastructure policy. The editorial then outlines strategies that can assist with the selection and implementation of infrastructure improvement projects for the Trump Administration moving forward. 相似文献
78.
79.
80.
Sudarshan Kurwadkar Victoria Sicking Barry Lambert Anne McFarlan Forrest Mitchell 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(2):268-273
Water quality impact due to excessive nutrients has been extensively studied. In recent years, however, micro-pollutants such as pharmaceuticals and hormonal products used in animal agriculture have added an additional impact to overall water quality. Pharmaceuticals used in the poultry, swine, beef, and dairy industries have been detected in various environmental matrices such as, soil, groundwater and surface water. In this study, 26 surface water samples were collected throughout the Bosque River Watershed (BRW) with samples representing a range of land use conditions and locations of major dairy operations. Samples were analyzed using commercially available Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay test. Of the 26 samples, three samples consistently tested positive for monensin antibiotic with concentration ranging from 0.30 to 3.41 μg/L. These three samples were collected from sites that received varying amount of agriculture wastes (11.7% to 31.3%) and located downstream from sites associated with moderate levels of animal agriculture. The preliminary results suggest that there is a potential for monensin occurrence in the BRW, although initial findings indicate only very low levels. 相似文献