前置反硝化生物滤池深度脱氮效能与影响因素

前置反硝化生物滤池具有良好的脱氮性能,被广泛用于污水的深度处理。采用该工艺对城市污水处理厂尾水进行深度处理,通过调节硝化液回流比（50%、100%、150%）和水力负荷（1.0、1.5和2.0 m3·（m2·h）-1）,考察前置反硝化生物滤池工艺对COD、TN、NH4+-N的去除效果。结果表明,当硝化液回流比为100%时,系统对污染物去除效果最好。在进水COD、TN、NH4+-N平均浓度为120、35和15 mg·L-1的水质条件下,出水COD、TN、NH4+-N平均浓度可降到7.62、5.02和0.60 mg·L-1,去除率分别为93.65%、85.65%和96.00%。在水力负荷为1.5 m3·（m2·h）-1条件下,系统对COD、TN和NH4+-N的平均去除率达到了83.00%、90.14%和95.73%,出水可以达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB 18918-2002）一级A标准。     

不同菌种组合对发酵残余物好氧堆肥进程及氮素变化的影响

适宜菌剂组合对于初始电导率（Electronic conductivity,EC）较高的发酵残余物二次干化腐熟效果具有重要影响。通过在发酵残余物（猪场沼渣、城市生活污泥）好氧发酵过程中添加不同菌种组合,研究堆肥腐熟指标变化,特别是不同形态氮素指标变化,以期更好提升发酵残余物的干化和腐熟程度。结果表明：F3菌剂组合处理高温期达16 d,最高温度为69.5℃,最早进入腐熟阶段,全氮损失比例最少,为8.72%;对照组在高温期（14 d、69.3℃）及全氮损失比例（9.21%）指标上仅低于F3处理组,表明自然堆体存在耐盐菌种;在促进堆肥腐熟效果方面,霉菌起着关键的作用,堆肥后期酵母菌的存在促进堆体腐熟度的提升;菌种比例和种类的合理设置对于堆体腐熟度提高的重要性要高于活菌添加量;在堆肥保氮过程中,真菌（霉菌和酵母菌）起着重要作用。F3处理（即芽孢杆菌：霉菌：酵母菌=1：2：2）,是实现发酵残余物快速高效堆肥的理想菌剂配方,其他复配菌种组合保氮效果改良侧重点各不相同。     

Changes of foraging patch selection and utilization by a giant panda after bamboo flowering

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The bamboo flowering leads to the habitat fragmentation and food quality decline of a giant panda. Few empirical research has been conducted about the...     

Heavy metal (Cu,Cd, Pb,Cr) washing from river sediment using biosurfactant rhamnolipid

Heavy metal-contaminated sediments posed a serious threat to both human beings and environment. A biosurfactant, rhamnolipid, was employed as the washing agent to remove heavy metals in river sediment. Batch experiments were conducted to test the removal capability. The effects of rhamnolipid concentration, washing time, solution pH, and liquid/solid ratio were investigated. The speciation of heavy metals before and after washing in sediment was also analyzed. Heavy metal washing was favored at high concentration, long washing time, and high pH. In addition, the efficiency of washing was closely related to the original speciation of heavy metals in sediment. Rhamnolipid mainly targeted metals in exchangeable, carbonate-bound or Fe-Mn oxide-bound fractions. Overall, rhamnolipid biosurfactant as a washing agent could effectively remove heavy metals from sediment.

     

Preparation of La-modified magnetic composite for enhanced adsorptive removal of tetracycline

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Composite adsorbents usually outperform single component adsorbents as they could combine the properties and advantages of each component. In this...     

Role of illumination intensity in microcystin development using Microcystis aeruginosa as the model algae

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) is one of the most common genera of cyanobacteria in algal blooms. In the present work, the impact of the...     

有机蒸气-空气分子扩散系数实测数据及分析

利用自行研发的气体扩散系数测试装置,测定了烷烃、环烷烃、芳香烃、含氧化合物（酯类、醇类、酮类等）等21种挥发性有机化合物在空气中的分子扩散系数。测定结果表明：互为同系物的有机化合物在相同温度下,分子扩散系数随着分子链的增长而减小,与其沸点呈负相关;互为同分异构体的有机化合物在相同温度下,有支链的分子扩散系数比没有支链的要大。另外,将实验实测值与FSG方程计算值以及文献值进行了对比分析。通过比较实测值与计算值,认为大部分分子结构全部为单键并且不含环状结构的有机化合物的实测值与计算值吻合度比较高,但分子结构中含苯环、碳环和烷烃支链的有机化合物,实测值与计算值吻合度不是很高。建议FSG方程进一步考虑分子结构差异性的影响。     

夏季海淀公园内PM2.5浓度水平梯度分布规律

于2014年夏季,通过观测海淀公园不同区域沿道路不同宽度处PM2.5浓度,研究PM2.5浓度日变化规律、水平梯度分布规律、净化效益及其影响因素。结果表明,海淀公园内PM2.5浓度日变化规律呈白天低晚上高的趋势,09：00-15：00时PM2.5浓度达到国家标准Ⅱ类功能区浓度质量要求,05：00时PM2.5浓度最高。不同观测区域一定宽度范围内出现PM2.5浓度积聚,之后开始下降。总体上,海淀公园在13：00时对PM2.5浓度净化效益最显著,09：00时净化效益最差。环城高速路区域与城市主干道区域165 m以上宽度处、城市次干道区域60 m以上宽度处为正净化效益,并维持正净化效益。海淀公园内PM2.5浓度与气象因子之间相关关系表明,PM2.5浓度与平均温度、相对湿度呈显著相关,与其他气象因素没有显著相关性。     

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