用微孔填充理论研究活性炭对有机气体的吸附性能

用微孔填充理论研究了活性炭C40／4对丙酮、甲苯、二氯甲烷有机气体的吸附性能,测试了该活性炭对3种有机气体在不同温度下（288．15,293．15,298．15K）的吸附结果。用D—R方程处理了实验数据,建立了3种有机气体在活性炭C40／4上的等温吸附模型,并将实验测试值与理论预测值进行了比较。实验结果表明：微孔填充理论及D—R方程可很好地描述活性炭C40／4对有机气体的吸附性能,理论预测值与实验测试值的平均相对误差小于3％;有机气体分压较高时,由于发生毛细凝聚,理论预测值较实验测试值偏低。     

助剂作用下超声浸取电解锰渣

用8-羟基喹啉、黄原酸钾、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、磷酸三丁酯、柠檬酸5种物质作浸取助剂,考察了助剂作用下超声辅助浸取法从电解锰渣中提取锰的工艺条件。实验结果表明：用1%（质量分数）柠檬酸作浸取助剂,在固液比（g/mL）为1∶4、酸矿比（mL/g）为0.3∶1、浸取温度为70℃的条件下,超声浸取15min,锰浸出率平均可达57.28%,是加热酸浸法锰浸出率的2.72倍,是无助剂超声辅助浸取法锰浸出率的1.52倍。     

The Relation Between Sandstorms and Strong Winds in Xinjiang,China

With observational data spanning 1961–1999 from 90 meteorological stations in Xinjiang, China, the spatial and temporal characteristics of sandstorms and strong winds, and the contribution of strong winds to the occurrence of sandstormsare analyzed. Moreover, the dominant wind direction and minimumwind speeds during sandstorm periods are discussed. The research shows that although possessing similar climatic trends, sandstorms and strong winds in Xinjiang have opposite geographical distributions, i.e. places with more sandstorms show fewer strong winds. The contribution of strongwinds to sandstorms in northern Xinjiang is larger than that insouthern Xinjiang. The dominant wind directions clearly indicatethe paths of the weather systems that introduced the sandstorms.The minimum wind speeds in the sandstorms were over 10 ms^-1in northern and eastern Xinjiang and in the Turpan and Yanqi Basins of southern Xinjiang. In Tarim Basin of southern Xinjiang,however, the minimum wind speed was about 6–8 ms^-1, and even 6 ms^-1 at its southern edge.     

中国乡村旅游客源市场研究

随着中国工业化、城市化进程的发展,越来越多的人选择到乡村去旅游,这是人们释放心理压力、回归大自然的需求,因此乡村旅游发展非常迅速。2006年我国把旅游主题确定为“乡村旅游年”,这更加说明了乡村旅游的重要性。从乡村旅游客源市场作为研究出发点,简要介绍了乡村旅游的背景和概念,研究了乡村旅游客源市场现状,最后给出了市场推广的主体与媒介。     

Use of Microbial Community to Evaluate Performance of a Wetland System in Treating Pb/Zn Mine Drainage

The performance of a wetland system in treating lead (Pb)/zinc (Zn) mine drainage was evaluated by using the polyurethane foam unit (PFU) microbial community (method), which has been adopted by China as a standardized procedure for monitoring water quality. The wetland system consisted of four cells with three dominant plants: Typha latifolia, Phragmites australis and Paspalum distichum. Physicochemical characteristics [pH, EC, content of total suspended solid (TSS) and metals (Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cu)] and PFU microbial community in water samples had been investigated from seven sampling sites. The results indicated that the concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, and TSS in the mine drainage were gradually reduced from the inlet to the outlet of the wetland system and 99%, 98%, 75%, 83%, and 68% of these metals and TSS respectively, had been reduced in concentration after the drainage passed through the wetland system. A total of 105 protozoan species were identified, the number of protozoa species and the diversity index (DI) gradually increased, while the heterotrophic index (HI) gradually decreased from the inlet to the outlet of the wetland system. The results indicated that DI, HI, and total number species of protozoa could be used as biological indicators indicating the improvement of water quality.     

加强饮服业环境污染防治与管理的探讨

文章就饮服行业环境污染状况、成因、危害及如何防治污染与加强行政管理进行了分析阐述     

经济欠发达地区的可持续发展战略

在人类面临多种生存危机的今天，经济欠发达地区应重视发展中“不可持续”观念和行为，控制人口数量，提高人口质量，规范政府行为，树立一种全新、科学和适度的富裕观，并通过有节制，保护性地发展生产，走上可持续发展的轨道。     

提高油田伴生气回收率的研究与应用

文章阐述了陆梁油田在开发过程中采用油气混输技术、天然气发电机橇技术、锅炉烧湿气等技术,将伴生气回收率提高至92.10%;油气混输技术能够实现边缘区块油气全密闭输送;集中处理站锅炉燃烧湿气技术可增加处理站天然气外输气量,降低运行成本;小型活动天然气发电机橇的应用,可以充分利用富裕天然气降低生产成本,同时减少富裕天然气火炬放空燃烧量,收到了良好的经济效益和环境效益。     

负载型纳米TiO2光催化剂的制备及其降解水中微量间二甲苯的研究

采用浸涂-烧结法制备的纳米TiO2光催化剂负载量约为6mg／g载体，催化剂经5次重复使用其催化效果稳定，表明催化剂表面TiO2粉体负载牢固；以高压汞灯为光源，对水中微量间二甲苯的负载型纳米TiO2光催化氧化过程的研究表明：初始浓度在6．68～17．36mg／L的范围内，间二甲苯的光催化反应遵循表现一级反应动力学规律，反应的表现速率常数随溶液初始浓度的增大而减小，半衰期则随初始浓度的增大而增加。     

青虾池塘养殖环境效率分析

为以环境友好型效率标准合理引导青虾池塘养殖生产活动,将淡水养殖对环境的影响纳入效率研究的范畴,以青虾池塘养殖为例,分别运用SBM模型和CCR模型,计算了青虾池塘养殖的环境效率和经济效率,以及各投入要素的使用情况。并运用相关分析、配对样本T检验和方差齐次性检验等技术进行比较研究。研究结果表明：当前我国青虾池塘养殖的环境效率（考虑环境因素的经济效率）仅为0476 9,而传统的经济效率（不考虑环境因素的经济效率）为0696 7,前者显著低于后者,且波动性更强。所有的要素投入都存在过量现象。除电费、虾苗和药物投入外,其他各项投入在环境效率中的过量程度均大于经济效率;具有固定成本性质的投入品,如劳动力投入和机械投入的过量程度更为严重;利用率过低致使肥料投入过量程度高于饲料投入。农户资源配置过程中忽视环境成本是根本原因,应引起高度重视