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排序方式: 共有407条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
聚丙烯酰胺类絮凝剂的制备及应用研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了研究絮凝效果与絮凝剂分子结构的关系,实验中制备了聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)、阳离子化聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)和部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(PHP),将其分别与FeCl3复配后处理钻井废水。实验探讨了絮凝剂的分子量、PHP的水解度及阳离子度对絮凝作用的影响。实验结果表明:PAM、CPAM、PHP与无机混凝剂复配使用处理钻井废水时,最佳分子量是500万,处理效果依次为PHP>PAM>CPAM。 相似文献
42.
Mei Li Yao Zhang Chenglei Pei Jinwen Zhang Chunlei Cheng Xiufeng Lian Mubai Chen Bo Huang Zhong Fu Zhen Zhou 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(2):806-822
The real-time detection of the mixing states of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs in ambient particles is of great significance for analyzing the source, aging process, and health effects of PAHs and nitro-PAHs; yet there is still few effective technology to achieve this type of detection. In this study, 11 types of PAH and nitro-PAH standard samples were analyzed using a high performance-single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (HP-SPAMS) in lab studies. The identification principles ‘parent ions’ and ‘mass-to-charge (m/z) = 77’ of each compound were obtained in this study. It was found that different laser energies did not affect the identification of the parent ions. The comparative experiments of ambient atmospheric particles, cooking and biomass burning emitted particles with and without the addition of PAHs were conducted and ruled out the interferences from primary and secondary organics on the identification of PAHs. Besides, the reliability of the characteristic ions extraction method was evaluated through the comparative study of similarity algorithm and deep learning algorithm. In addition, the real PAH-containing particles from vehicle exhaust emissions and ambient particles were also analyzed. This study improves the ability of single particle mass spectrometry technology to detect PAHs and nitro-PAHs, and HP-SPAMS was superior to SPAMS for detecting single particles containing PAHs and nitro-PAHs. This study provides support for subsequent ambient observations to identify the characteristic spectrum of single particles containing PAHs and nitro-PAHs. 相似文献
43.
Effect of citric, malic, tartaric and acetic acids on adsorption of La, Ce, Pr and Nd by and desorption from four typical Chinese soils was studied. Generally, adsorption capacities of rare earth elements (REEs) were significantly correlated with the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soils. In the presence of acetic acids adsorption of REEs was similar to that in the presence of Ca(NO3)2. However, in the presence of citric, malic and tartaric acids adsorption of REEs by Heilongjiang, Zhejiang and Guangdong soils decreased to varying extents if compared with that in the presence of nitrate and acetic acid. The significance of suppression followed the order of citric acid > malic acid > tartaric acid > acetic acid, which was consistent with the order of stability of complexes of REEs with these organic acids. However, the adsorption increased with increasing equilibrium solution pH. For Jiangxi soil with low soil pH, CEC and organic matter these organic acids exerted an even more serious suppression effect on the adsorption of REEs. Another feature of the relationship between the adsorption of REEs and equilibrium solution pH was that the adsorption of REEs decreased with increase of pH from 2 to 4.5 and then slightly increased with further increase of pH. Desorption of REEs varied with soils and with organic acids as well. REEs were released easily from Heilongjiang, Zhejiang and Guangdong soils in the presence of organic acid. Generally, desorption of REEs decreased with increasing equilibrium solution pH. Effect of organic acids on desorption of REEs from Jiangxi soil was more complicated. In the presence of citric and malic acids no decrement and/or slight increase in desorption of REEs were observed over the equilibrium solution pH from 3 to 6.5. The reasons for this were ascribed to the strong complexing capacity of citric and malic acids and low soil pH, CEC and organic matter of Jiangxi soil. 相似文献
44.
Photodegradation of surfactants on the nanosized TiO2 prepared by hydrolysis of the alkoxide titanium 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Nanosized TiO(2) was synthesized by hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide in the nanodroplets of microemulsions. The microemulsion provided by functionalized surfactants derived from the mixture of the commercially available sodium dodecylbenzensulfonate (DBS) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (DS). The resulting TiO(2) nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and differential thermal analysis. Nanosized TiO(2) of anatase was found to show good photocatalytic properties in the photodegradation of DBS and DS surfactants. The cleavage of the aromatic moiety, the intermediate products and ultimate mineralization to CO(2) were examined in the process of photodegradation. A mechanism is also proposed on the basis of these experimental results. 相似文献
45.
细河污染特征与整治对策的探讨 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
细河是伴随沈阳市铁西区老工业基地的发展而形成一条排污河流,2002年前污染非常严重,2002年后通过综合整治及仙女河污水处理厂和西部污水处理厂相继建成并投入使用,使大部分细河污水得到处理,但细河的污染问题仍不容乐观,本文通过细河纳污总量的核定、细河源头水的保护与利用、底质的清理与无害化处置、新污染控制与防范等措施使细河水质得到一个可持续的、良好的改善。 相似文献
46.
蛭石吸附及解吸锌离子特性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用蛭石对锌离子的吸附解吸进行了实验研究,初步探讨了其对锌离子吸附解吸的机理。研究结果表明:蛭石对Zn^2+具有较强的吸附能力,吸附在8h左右接近平衡。随着锌离子浓度的增加,蛭石的吸附量也在逐渐增加,当锌离子浓度达到400mg/L时,吸附量趋于平稳。在完成吸附实验的基础上,分别采用过滤和取上清液的方法解吸,实验证明静置平衡后,取出上清液50ml,再加入50ml解吸剂的方法解吸效果较好;解吸时间在0h到12h,蛭石的解吸量呈现递增的趋势,且达到1.070mg/g;在12h到48h内,解吸量基本没有增加,其中在24h时达到最大解吸量1.074mg/g。不同的解吸剂对蛭石解吸锌离子影响效果不同:蒸馏水不能使锌离子解吸;K^+的影响作用相对于Na^+更明显,随着两种阳离子浓度的增加,蛭石的解吸量逐渐增加。 相似文献
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49.
王联 《石油化工环境保护》2006,29(1):43-45
探索研究使用催化燃烧方法处理聚酯生产工艺废气的可行性,并在生产装置上进行了中试。试验结果证明,使用催化燃烧法处理效果好,不产生二次污染,处理后的废气可达标排放。 相似文献
50.
Peng Lian Andres F. Mejia Zhengdong Cheng M. Sam Mannan 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2010,23(2):337-345
Accidental release of pressurized high flash point heat transfer fluids can result in fire and explosion hazard scenarios in the process industry. An experimental investigation on ignition of aerosols of a heat transfer fluid is carried out, and characterization of aerosol and its ignition process by non-intrusive laser diffraction technique is reported. Propagation speed of the aerosol combustion flame front as analyzed from the laser diffraction measurement agrees with high-speed visual camera observation. Flammability of the aerosol, which is based on the chances of the global flame appearance in the aerosol, is mainly controlled by aerosol droplet size and the droplet volume concentration. 相似文献