快速工业化区域建设用地问题与制度优化研究——以佛山市南海区为例

快速工业化区域是工业化快速发展、工业化水平迅速提升、经济社会结构急剧变化的新兴地域类型。普遍存在着建设用地总量急剧扩张、空间无序分散、城乡缺乏统筹等问题。本文从佛山市南海区典型案例入手，运用新制度经济学原理。归纳和解析了快速工业化区域城乡建设用地的主要问题，认为双二元管理体制、农村土地产权不完善、城乡土地市场发育不平衡和部门规划不协调等是建设用地发展的主要体制性障碍因素，并从管理、产权、市场、规划等方面系统提出相应的制度优化对策。     

Impact of litter removal on soil characteristics under a Pinus caribaea stand

ABSTRACT

Forest productivity is dependent on soil quality, which in turn is related to litter; yet there is limited understanding of the relationships between litter and soil quality. The effects of litter removal treatment on tree growth and soil properties were examined in a Pinus caribaea stand with the aim of providing an understanding of consequences of litter removal on soil patterns. This knowledge is important for planning appropriate long-term forest management. Three pairs of 30 × 30 m² plots (each pair a control and treatment) were established in the center of a P. caribaea stand in April 2002. The controls were left undisturbed with an intact litter layer, while litter was removed monthly from treated plots. The diameter and height of the P. caribaea decreased and soil quality was degraded over the experimental period in litter-removed (treated) plots. Litter removal also produced a significant increase in soil bulk density at 0–20 and 20–40 cm depths. The capillary porosity, capillary moisture capacity, and natural water content in controls at 0–20 and 20–40 cm depths were significantly greater than treated plots. The non-capillary porosity in controls at the 0–20 cm depth was also significantly higher than treated plots. The organic carbon, total nitrogen (N), total potassium (K) and alkalized N content in each layer, and available P and exchangeable K at 0–20 and 40–60 cm depths in control plots were significantly greater than litter-removed plots. The numbers of bacteria at 0–20 and 40–60 cm depths and of fungi at 20–40 and 40–60 cm depths were higher in control than treated plots. The number of actinomyces and urease, catalase, and acid phosphatase activities in controls at each depth were significantly greater than litter-removed plots.     

生活垃圾预处理后续堆肥化通风方式优化研究

以宜昌市垃圾综合处理场预处理后的筛下物为研究对象,研究了不同通风方式对后续堆肥化效果的影响。对堆体温度、pH、堆高、耗氧速率、腐熟度等指标的监测结果表明,通风方式为"每半小时通风8 min,每天开风机8 h。温度降低到35℃时,停止通风"时,后续堆肥化效果最好。     

生活垃圾机械-生物预处理工艺优化

以宜昌市垃圾综合处理场为例,分析了通风量和水分对生物预处理的影响,进而优化生物预处理的实际应用工艺。实验结果表明:通风量与水分对预处理过程中堆体温度、pH、堆高变化影响明显,对挥发分变化影响不明显。选取每30 min风机送风8 min的通风方式,处理之前调整垃圾水分在40%～50%之间,可以取得较好的预处理效果。     

浅议起重机械接地电阻的检测

近年来,随着起重机械在电气系统上的长足发展,起重机械电气系统的复杂化给予检验检测人员带来较多困惑,同时起重机械由于漏电而造成的安全事故也时有发生,此类事故又多与接地系统缺失或不完备有关。在起重机械电气系统中,最为基础,同时也是最为重要的部分是起重机械的接地系统,接地系统的安全设置,可以避免因为漏电所连成的操作人员触电事故。本文对起重机械接地系统进行完整分析,并对检验人员现场检验起重机械接地系统给出相关建议。     

辐射型集装箱检查系统环境影响研究

文章以秭归某TC-SCAN集装箱检查系统为研究对象,通过现场调研和监测,根据《集装箱检查系统放射卫生防护标准》(GBZ143-2002)和《电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准》(GB18871-2002)的有关规定,对该项目投产运行后的辐射环境进行监测评价,得出研究结论,并对该类核技术应用项目的辐射环境管理工作提出建议。     

对于应急管理的几个认识阶段

应急管理古已有之. 　　从上古传说中,我们就可以看到有天裂而人类始祖女娲补天之说,这就是反应了人类对于风险的原始应对策略,也就是希望有具备强大超人力量的神仙来实施对于突发事件的应急管理.……     

2006年我国煤矿特大事故的统计分析

本文对2006年我国煤矿特大事故进行分月统计,从各月事故发生的次数、死亡人数、相对于2005年的事故变化情况、引起事故发生原因等进行分析,得出:我国2006年的煤矿特大事故中,瓦斯事故仍是最主要引发因素,瓦斯爆炸为最主要事故类型,同时,在对原因进行分析后提出了相应措施.     

水质富营养化程度的人工神经网络决策模型

为了对水质富营养化程度进行综合评价,提出水质富营养化决策的人工神经网络模型,用此模型研究我国17个湖泊的富营养化状况,通过期望输出值的选取和对未知水体的评价原则充分体现了水质富营养化各等级之间的模糊性,正确地反映了水质富营养化作用的内部机理。     

Evaluating the performance and intellectual structure of construction and demolition waste research during 2000–2016

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Construction and demolition (C&D) waste diminishes scarce land resources and endangers human health and the surrounding environment....