受限空间屏幕作业视觉疲劳研究

为了探究有限空间内光照对屏幕作业视觉疲劳影响,选取实验人员在受限空间平台内进行模拟屏幕作业。实验结果表明:在有限空间内作业,300 lx为理想的照明条件,并且在较昏暗（0~100 lx）的情况下,视觉能力下降的最快;光照强度的强弱对疲劳有明显的影响,在光线较暗的环境中闭眼时长明显高于正常光线（300 lx）时和较亮（750 lx）环境的闭眼时长,在作业30~60 min时,男女表现差异明显;黑暗环境更能造成作业人员疲劳,男性在黑暗环境中的视觉适应能力优于女性。同时做出推断,闭眼波动性增大的时间点推测为疲劳关键点,应该对该时刻工作的人员提醒或提前进行休息,避免该时刻出现。研究结论可为关于视觉疲劳眼动设备的开发提供理论支撑。     

建设项目竣工环保验收存在的问题及对策建议

随着我国建筑建设的城镇化、现代化进程加快,为提升人民的生活质量带来了保障,由于建筑规模以及项目的增加,加剧了环境问题。在强调低碳经济的现代化社会,应该加强对建筑项目竣工验收工作的环保监测,针对竣工验收不环保的问题采取对策,促进建筑施工的绿色化发展。基于此,本文将针对当前建筑项目环保验收存在的问题展开探讨,并提出相应对策。     

China’s industrial gray water footprint assessment and implications for investment in industrial wastewater treatment

Industrial wastewater is the largest contributor of toxic pollutants and third-largest contributor of nutrients to bodies of water in China, and understanding the characteristics of such pollution is important for water pollution control. In this study, the industrial gray water footprint (GWF) of each industry sector in China’s 31 provinces in 2015 was calculated to identify the pollution characteristics of industrial wastewater discharge and determine how to efficiently allocate investment to pollution reduction. We show that the total industrial GWF of China was 300 billion m³ in 2015 and that the major pollutants were petroleum pollutant (PP), ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), volatile phenol (VP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The water pollution level (WPL) was higher than 1 in Ningxia, Shanxi, Hebei, Tianjin, Shanghai, Henan, and Shandong, indicating that industrial pollution exceeded the carrying capacity of local water bodies in these seven regions. Given equivalent total investment, a scenario that takes the total reduction of the industrial GWF weighted by the WPL in each region as the investment target can better allocate funds to control industrial wastewater pollution in regions with high WPLs relative to a scenario in which investment targets the reduction of the unweighted total industrial GWF. For further industrial GWF reduction in regions with high WPLs, it is crucial to adjust the industrial structure and to upgrade relevant technologies.

     

Does underweight amplify the relationship between short-term particulate matter exposure and blood pressure in children and adolescents: a large cross-sectional study in a metropolis of China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Overweight/obesity modified the effects of ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure on blood pressure (BP). This study aims to assess whether...     

Removal of dye using peroxidase-immobilized Buckypaper/polyvinyl alcohol membrane in a multi-stage filtration column via RSM and ANFIS

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The feasibility and performance of Jicama peroxidase (JP) immobilized Buckypaper/polyvinyl alcohol (BP/PVA) membrane for methylene blue (MB) dye...     

餐饮垃圾主要成分的热解动力学研究

将餐饮垃圾的主要成分纤维素、淀粉以及脂肪分别在10 K/min的升温速率下进行TG-DTG分析,结果表明3种物质由于分子结构与物质组成的差别,其热解特性有着明显的不同;同时采用Achar(微分法)和Coats-Refern(积分法)相结合的方法对餐饮垃圾进行热解动力学分析,找出最佳的机理函数并求出每种组分的活化能Ea和指前因子lnA。     

B,N和Ce共掺杂TiO_2催化剂光催化活性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出B,N和Ce共掺杂TiO2光催化剂,并用XRD、SEM等表征了其结构特征。以酸性大红染料溶液的光催化降解为探针反应,考察了制备条件对共掺杂TiO2催化剂活性的影响。结果表明,在400℃,当B,N和Ce的原子比为1∶2∶0.1,焙烧3 h时,光催化剂活性最大,大红染料的降解率达到98%。     

超声波净化石油污染土壤实验研究

为研究超声波技术处理石油污染土壤的影响因素,选取了土壤含油量、土水比、土壤类型、超声处理时间和超声功率5个因素进行了具有交互作用的正交实验,并讨论了各因素对土壤中石油污染物清除率的影响。实验结果表明超声波对土壤中石油污染物的净化效果明显,总石油烃(TPH)的清除率在23.0%到77.3%之间,土壤类型对净化效果的影响最为显著,粘土中的TPH清除率显著低于砂土。由超声空化引起的解吸作用和真空抽滤是实验过程中土壤TPH减少的主要途径。研究结果表明超声波技术用于石油污染土壤修复是可行并且有效果的。     

活性炭纤维载体生物膜法处理洗车废水研究

为了实现洗车废水的循环使用,进行了以聚丙烯腈基活性炭纤维(PAN-ACF)为生物膜载体处理洗车废水的实验研究。以LAS、COD和NH3-N等指标考察了活性炭纤维生物膜反应器对洗车废水的处理效果。结果表明:在常温下、pH=6.5~7,当进水流量在30 mL/min时,反应器达到最佳运行参数,活性炭纤维载体生物膜法对LAS、COD和NH3-N等的去除率分别达到了97%、80%和60%。出水水质完全达到《生活杂用水水质标准》(CJ/T48-99)中洗车用水主要水质指标的规定。此外,实验表明PAN-ACF作为生物膜载体具有很好的生物亲和性和再生性。     

水力旋流器速度场的PDPA测试研究

应用相位多普勒粒子分析仪(PDPA)对液液水力旋流器模型的内部流场进行了测试,分析了旋流器内部速度场的特点。通过进口流量的变化,测试了该模型的不同截面上的速度场分布情况。测试结果表明:随着流量的增大,旋流器轴截面上的速度都增大,旋流变大,有利于连续相和分散相的分离;旋流器中连续相和分散相速度分布趋势相同,但在管芯处,两者速度滑移明显。