淮安市畜禽养殖业废弃物污染负荷生态承载力预警分析

在分析淮安市畜禽养殖业废弃物的污染特点的基础上,进行了淮安市畜禽养殖业废弃物污染负荷的生态承载力的预警分析。分析结果显示：淮安市畜禽养殖业污染的生态承载力不同地区差异性较大,各地区的畜禽养殖业的发展不平衡,存在空间异质性。对环境构成较严重污染威胁的有淮阴区;对环境稍有污染威胁的地区有4个,分别为清河区、楚州区、清浦区和开发区;涟水县、洪泽县、盱眙县、金湖县畜禽粪便对环境不构成污染威胁。淮安市应该通过制定相应的畜禽养殖业的总体规划来合理布局,合理分配畜禽养殖业污染的生态承载力,保护生态环境,促进新农村建设,实现淮安市的可持续发展。     

推行清洁生产 促进黑龙江省循环经济发展

当前,黑龙江省＂高污染、高消耗、低产出＂的传统经济发展模式越来越受到资源瓶颈和生态环境的制约,提高资源利用率,减少废弃物的产生成为当前迫切解决的问题。因此寻找促进发展循环经济的方法成为黑龙江省转变经济增长方式的必然选择。清洁生产,就是在确保产品满足人类物质文化需要的前提下,通过不断改进管理和推进技术进步等措施,达到提高资源利用率、减少乃至消除污染物的产生,使其生产过程和产品对人类和环境危害最小的目的。清洁生产是解决经济发展与环境矛盾的重要手段,是生态产业发展的基础,更是实现黑龙江省循环经济发展的重要途径。     

活性炭对水中Cr（Ⅵ）吸附行为的研究

采用批量吸附实验,研究了活性炭对水中Cr（Ⅵ）的吸附行为,探讨了溶液pH值、活性炭用量、吸附时间、吸附过程中加入酸对Cr（Ⅵ）吸附的影响和吸附前后pH值的变化以及活性炭的再生。结果表明,利用活性炭处理Cr（Ⅵ）,具有处理效果好、再生容易等特点。在pH为4．00的缓冲系统中,等温吸附线符合Langmuir型,并可以用Freundlich等温吸附方程对其吸附进行描述;在pH为3．52的非缓冲系统中,等温吸附线类型属于BDDT吸附等温线分类中的类型Ⅱ。     

改性锯末吸附含Cr（Ⅵ）废水的实验研究

初步探讨了以改性后的锯末作为吸附剂去除废水中的Cr（Ⅵ）,实验表明改性锯末对于不同浓度的含Cr（Ⅵ）废水都具有较高的去除率。同时通过实验研究了pH值、吸附时间、吸附剂量、初始浓度等因素对吸附去除率的影响。     

低温水处理中的膜法工艺

低温水处理一直是膜法水处理工艺中的难题,着重讨论目前膜法工艺中的反渗透膜和超滤膜在低温水处理方面的探索研究.其中反渗透工艺采取的措施主要有加温加压,增加膜数量,采用较合适的预处理方法等.超滤处理低温低浊水具有较好的效果,如果和混凝结合效果更好.     

石油污染土壤异位淋洗修复研究进展

石油污染土壤异位淋洗修复是一种新兴的、经济高效的修复技术,是对生物修复的一种补充.异位淋洗修复有望促成石油污染土壤修复的系统化.本文讨论了石油污染土壤异位淋洗修复的原理、特点及其影响因素,阐述了石油污染土壤异位淋洗修复的最新研究进展,并对该领域今后的研究重点进行了展望.     

葫芦岛有色金属集团废气治理对环境空气质量的影响

在研究分析葫芦岛有色金属集团近年来废气治理情况的基础上,根据葫芦岛市工业区环境空气质量监测数据,通过环境空气综合污染指数评价和Spearman秩相关系数评价,分析了废气治理对环境空气质量的影响.     

Effects of sediment dredging on water quality and zooplankton community structure in a shallow of eutrophic lake

Effects of suction dredging on water quality and zooplankton community structure in a shallow of eutrophic lake,were evaluated.The results showed that a decreasing trend for levels of phosphorus,organic matter,total suspended solids,Chlorophyll a and Secchi transparency in the water column was found,while levels of water depth,electrical conductivity,total dissolved solids and NO 3--N concentration increased markedly post-dredging.The effects of dredging on dissolved oxygen,pH value and temperature were alm...     

Quantum dots enhance Cu2+-induced hepatic L02 cells toxicity

As a new class of xenogenous nanoparticle,quantum dots (QDs) possess the potential to co-exist with Cu2+ in human liver.The combined toxicity is thus concerned.Considering QDs and Cu2+ are known ROS (reactive oxygen species) inducer,we investigated the combined oxidative stress and corresponding protective strategy using human hepatic L02 cells.The results demonstrated that the presence of a small amount of MPA-CdTe QDs (2 μg/mL) in a Cu2+ solution (2.5-20 μg/mL) resulted in a higher toxicity with up to 8-fold cell viability decrease,which was accompanied by cell morphology changes.The combined toxicity was then confirmed as ROS associated oxidative stress with up to 300% and 35% increase of the intracellular ROS level and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity,respectively.N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can also provide almost complete protection against the induced toxicity.Therefore,the ROS associated oxidant injury might be responsible for the QDs-Cu2+/Cu2+ induced toxicity and could be balanced through cytoprotective antioxidant enzyme GST.     

Particle properties in granular activated carbon filter during drinking water treatment

The elemental composition and bacteria attached in particles were investigated during granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration.The experimental results showed that trapped influent particles could form new,larger particles on GAC surface.The sloughing of individuals off GAC surface caused an increase in effluent particles in the size range from 5 to 25 μm.The selectivity for element removal in GAC filters caused an increasing proportion of metallic elements in the effluent particles.The distribution of molar ratio indicated a complicated composition for large particles,involving organic and inorganic substances.The organic proportion accounted for 40% of total carbon attached to the particles.Compared with dissolved carbon,there was potential for the formation of trihalomethanes by organic carbon attached to particles,especially for those with size larger than 10 μm.The pure carbon energy spectrum was found only in the GAC effluent and the size distribution of carbon fines was mainly above 10 μm.The larger carbon fines provided more space for bacterial colonization and stronger protection for attached bacteria against disinfection.The residual attached bacteria after chorine disinfection was increased to 10 2-10 3 CFU/mL within 24 hours at 25°C.