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151.
本研究利用荧光区域积分法考察了在水体冻结过程中,溶解性有机物(DOM)组分中荧光物质的迁移转化.同时,利用XAD树脂,将DOM分为3个部分:疏水性有机酸(HPO-A)、过渡亲水性有机酸(TPI-A)和亲水性有机物(HPI).结果表明,在水体冻结过程中,HPO-A、TPI-A和HPI的DOC浓度在水相中逐渐增加,而在冰相中先减少后增加,并且这3种DOM组分在冰、水两相间的分配系数排序为:HPITPI-AHPOA.在水体冻结过程中,水相中HPO-A和HPI的总累计荧光强度(ΦT,n)值,以及冰相中3种DOM组分的总ΦT,n值随冻结时间的变化趋势均为先降低后升高.在水体冻结过程中,水相中3种DOM组分的类腐殖酸荧光峰发生蓝移.冻融作用导致HPO-A和HPI的荧光性降低.与HPO-A和HPI相比,TPI-A的荧光性受冻融作用的影响相对较小.此外,在4类荧光物质中,冻融作用对DOM组分中的类富里酸荧光物质和类腐殖酸荧光物质的影响较显著. 相似文献
152.
JIN Jian ZHAO Wei-rong XU Xin-hu HAO Zhi-wei LIU Yong HE Ping ZHOU Mi 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2006,18(3):464-467
Steel manufacturing byproducts and commercial iron powders were tested in the treatment of Ni^2+-contaminated water. Ni^2+ is a priority pollutant of some soils and groundwater. The use of zero-valent iron, which can reduce Ni^2+ to its neural form appears to be an alternative approach for the remediation of Ni^2+-contaminated sites. Our experimental data show that the removal efficiencies of Ni^2+ were 95.15% and 94.68% at a metal to solution ratio of 20 g/L for commercial iron powders and the steel manufacturing byproducts in 60 min at room temperature, respectively. The removal efficiency reached 98.20% when the metal to solution ratio was 40 g/L for commercial iron powders. Furthermore, we found that the removal efficiency was also largely affected by other factors such as the pHs of the treated water, the length of time for the metal to be in contact with the Ni^2+-contaminated water, initial concentrations of metal solutions, particle sizes and the amount of iron powders. Surprisingly, the reaction temperature appeared to have little effect on the removal efficiency. Our study opens the way to further optimize the reaction conditions of in situ remediation of Ni^2+ or other heavy metals on contaminated sites. 相似文献
153.
A bed-type filter composed of thin metal alloy fiber was closely examined with dust capturing in cold and hot runs. The investigation of an individual mechanism across the filter bed indicated that the aerated dust could be initially collected by depth filtration, and after a while, surface filtration dominated the overall dust collection. The present metal fiber bed was comparable to the conventional ceramic filters because of its good collection efficiency with low pressure drop. It also showed potential to be used as a prefilter in a diesel exhaust trapping system. 相似文献
154.
155.
Guangshui Na Wei Wei Shiyao Zhou Hui Gao Xindong Ma Lina Qiu Linke Ge Chenguang Bao Ziwei Yao 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015,(2):8-13
In recent years, Dechloranes have been widely detected in the environment around the world.However, understanding and knowledge of Dechloranes in remote regions, such as the Arctic,remain lacking. Therefore, the concentrations of 5 Dechloranes in surface seawater, sediment,soil, moss, and dung collected from Ny-lesund in the Arctic were measured with the concentrations 93 pg/L, 342, 325, 1.4, and 258 pg/g, respectively, which were much lower than those in Asian and European regions. The mean ratios of anti-Dechlorane Plus(DP) to total DP(fanti) in seawater, sediment, soil, moss, dung, and atmospheric samples were 0.36, 0.21, 0.18,0.27, 0.66, and 0.43, respectively. Results suggested that the main source of DP in seawater,sediment, soil, and moss was long-range atmospheric transport. However, the ratio identified in dung was different, for which the migration behavior of the organism is probably the main source of DP. 相似文献
156.
用数理统计的原理,当样本容量满足检验方法要求时,用柯尔莫哥洛夫--斯米尔诺夫、皮尔逊、概率纸等法对绵阳市城区SO2监测值进行分布类型的统计检验。其结果SO2的时空分布类型为近似对数正态。用几何均数代表样本的平均值,例行监测时段的SO2测值与增加采样频率后的测值基本无差异。而用算术均数表示平均值时,均值则落在总体均值的置信区间外。故当样本分布类型确定后,样本的主要特征数应由分布类型确定。 相似文献
157.
通过对TSP、SO2浓度在不同高度实测研究.得出平顶山市SO2在1.5m至20m不同高度监测,高度影响无显著性差异;TSP在5m至15m不同高度监测,高度影响无显著性差异。 相似文献
158.
对平原浅水型大型水库的富营养化特征和水平作了深入研究,特别对标志富营养化的浮游藻类、浮游动物及底栖动物等作了模拟试验和现场验证,对加速白龟山水库富营养化的诱导因素作了详细探讨。 相似文献
159.
近年来的统计分析表明,人群拥挤踩踏事故逐步上升为大型公共聚集场所的主要人为事故灾害类型之一。为了防止这类事故带来的危害,需要从理论高度开展对人群拥挤踩踏事故的承载体人群的运行系统的研究。国内外关于人群拥挤事故的研究方法很多,但至今还未找到较为完善、科学和经济的方法。因此提出将尖点突变理论引入到人群拥挤模型中,建立人群拥挤的尖点突变模型。实证分析表明,用突变模型得出的结论与数据拟合得出的结果大体一致,这说明突变理论应用于此领域是可行的。 相似文献
160.