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411.
绥化市水源地地下水污染特征分析及水质评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据2018年绥化市第一水源地13口监测井水质检测结果分析地下水污染特征,并对地下水质进行综合评价.结果表明:绥化市第一水源地取水井主要超标因子为铁、锰、氨氮,第一水源地补给区内其他取水井监测指标中铁、锰、氨氮、溶解性总固体和总硬度超标.硫酸盐、氯化物、溶解性总固体、总硬度、氟化物和磷酸盐浓度高值区均出现在垃圾填埋场,高锰酸盐指数和氨氮的高值区出现在太平岗村屯地下水井,硝酸盐高值区出现在兴发村屯地下水井.地下水污染评价结果显示污染指标主要为溶解性总固体和氨氮,分别为中污染和极重污染,主要集中有B5、B7、B8、B9、E和X1.溶解性总固体、硫酸盐、氯化物和总硬度空间分布呈相似趋势,高值区均出现在E、 X1、 B7、 B8和B9.氨氮高值区出现在X1,这可能与该处为垃圾填埋场有关.高锰酸盐指数高值区出现在E,硝酸盐氮高值区出现在B8,砷浓度的空间分布没有变化. 相似文献
412.
Haiyan Chen Fei Wang Huilun Chen HongDa Fang Weiying Feng Yuan Wei FanFan Wang HaiLei Su YiDong Mi Min Zhou XinRu Li Serena Doni Andrea Corti 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(7):150-162
Eco-toxicity investigation of polymer materials was considered extremely necessary for their potential menace, which was widely use as mulching materials in agricultural. In this study, polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS) and synthetic biomaterials-Ecoflex and cellulose were applying into soil cultivated with two potential indicator plants species: oat (Avena sativa) and red radish (Raphanus sativum). Variety of chemical, biochemical parameters and enzyme activity in soil were proved as effective approach to evaluate polymers phytotoxicity in plant-soil mesocosm. The F-value of biomass, pH, heavy metal and electoral conductivity of Raphanus behaved significant different from T0. Significant analysis results indicated biodegradation was fast in PE than PS, besides, heavy metals were dramatically decrease in the end implied the plant absorption may help decrease heavy metal toxicity. The increase value at T2 of Dehydrogenase activity (0.84 higher than average value for Avena & 0.91 higher for Raphanus), Metabolic Index (3.12 higher than average value for Avena & 3.81 higher for Raphanus) means during soil enzyme activity was promoted by biodegradation for its heterotrophic organisms’ energy transportation was stimulated. Statistics analysis was carried on Biplot PC1 (24.2% of the total variance), PC2 (23.2% of the total variance), versus PC3 (22.8% of the total variance), which indicated phosphatase activity and metabolic index was significant correlated, and high correlation of ammonium and protease activity. Furthermore, the effects were more evident in Raphanus treatments than in Avena, suggesting the higher sensitivity of Raphanus to polymers treatment, which indicate biodegradation of polymers in Raphanus treatment has produced intermediate phytotoxic compounds. 相似文献
413.
Pian Feng Xiaohong Guan Yuankui Sun Wonyong Choi Hejie Qin Jianmin Wang Junlian Qiao Lina Li 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015,27(5):175-183
Weak magnetic field(WMF) was employed to improve the removal of Cr(VI) by zero-valent iron(ZVI) for the first time. The removal rate of Cr(VI) was elevated by a factor of 1.12–5.89 due to the application of a WMF, and the WMF-induced improvement was more remarkable at higher Cr(VI) concentration and higher p H. Fe2+was not detected until Cr(VI) was exhausted, and there was a positive correlation between the WMF-induced promotion factor of Cr(VI) removal rate and that of Fe2+release rate in the absence of Cr(VI) at pH 4.0–5.5. These phenomena imply that ZVI corrosion with Fe2+release was the limiting step in the process of Cr(VI) removal. The superimposed WMF had negligible influence on the apparent activation energy of Cr(VI) removal by ZVI, indicating that WMF accelerated Cr(VI)removal by ZVI but did not change the mechanism. The passive layer formed with WMF was much more porous than without WMF, thereby facilitating mass transport. Therefore,WMF could accelerate ZVI corrosion and alleviate the detrimental effects of the passive layer, resulting in more rapid removal of Cr(VI) by ZVI. Exploiting the magnetic memory of ZVI, a two-stage process consisting of a small reactor with WMF for ZVI magnetization and a large reactor for removing contaminants by magnetized ZVI can be employed as a new method of ZVI-mediated remediation. 相似文献
414.
根据山东省淄博市博山区雷暴日、闪电时空分布特征,参考IEC62305-2等标准规范,分析加油加气站建设项目所在地大气雷电环境状况和雷电灾害易损性,新增加了雷击火灾、爆炸影响范围评估内容,充分考虑毗邻区域的公共安全问题,最大限度减少雷击人身伤害和财产损失.为技术人员做好易燃易爆场所雷电灾害风险评估提供了可借鉴的技术方法和操作规程,简化风险评估模型,使雷电灾害风险评估分析、计算趋于科学和规范化.强调指出雷击风险评估是防御和减轻雷电灾害的关键环节.各类化工厂、易燃仓储、输送贮存油气、加油加气、烟花爆竹等易燃易爆场所应是雷电灾害风险评估的首要重点领域. 相似文献
415.
Mahdi Kolahi Tetsuro Sakai Kazuyuki Moriya Majid F. Makhdoum Lina Koyama 《Environmental management》2013,52(2):514-530
The requirement to assess the management effectiveness (ME) in protected areas (PAs) is increasing around the world to help improve management and accountability. An evaluation of ME for Khojir National Park (KNP), one of the Iran’s oldest PAs, was conducted using a multi-method approach that consisted of structured interviews, open interviews, and site visits. This was the first ME evaluation in Iran. The structured interview was based on the management effectiveness tracking tool methodology. KNP received an average score of 43 %, which is lower than the global average, illustrating that its general management was in the low-intermediate level. The indices of legal status, resource inventory, planning for land and water use, regulations, and objectives received the highest average scores, whereas education and awareness, community co-management, regular work plan, boundary demarcation, visitor facilities, budget sources, staff training, protection systems, and management plan received the lowest ones. The management system of KNP was generally established, but many problems of the management still need to be resolved. To improve ME, some countermeasures should be taken, such as increasing funding, strengthening capacity building, planning, and adaptive management, and implementing community participation. 相似文献
416.
Kalev Kuklane Chuansi Gao Ingvar Holmér Lina Giedraitytė Peter Bröde Victor Candas 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(2):103-116
Cold protective clothing was studied in 2 European Union projects. The objectives were (a) to examine different insulation calculation methods as measured on a manikin (serial or parallel), for the prediction of cold stress (IREQ); (b) to consider the effects of cold protective clothing on metabolic rate; (c) to evaluate the movement and wind correction of clothing insulation values.Tests were carried out on 8 subjects. The results showed the possibility of incorporating the effect of increases in metabolic rate values due to thick cold protective clothing into the IREQ model. Using the higher thermal insulation value from the serial method in the IREQ prediction, would lead to unacceptable cooling of the users. Thus, only the parallel insulation calculation method in EN 342:2004 should be used. The wind and motion correction equation (No. 2) gave realistic values for total resultant insulation; dynamic testing according to EN 342:2004 may be omitted. 相似文献
417.
通过室内模型试验 ,初步探讨了在砂土中当螺旋群锚的间距改变时 ,其受力性能的变化 ;通过试验及分析 ;提出了计算螺旋群锚在不同间距时的极限承载力公式 ;同时对螺旋锚在工程安全中的应用进行了分析 相似文献
418.
419.
煤层自燃后产生"热剩磁",基于这一理论,运用地面高精度磁测在灵武某煤田对煤田自燃区的边界范围进行圈定.由钻孔验证的结果来看,地面高精度磁测在圈定煤田自燃区边界范围时效果良好. 相似文献
420.
Derek R Smith Myoung-Ae Choe Mi Yang Jeon Young Ran Chae Gyeong Ju An Jae Sim Jeong 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2005,11(4):431-440
We investigated the epidemiology of musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) among a complete cross-section of 330 nurses from a large Korean hospital, by means of a questionnaire survey (response rate: 97.9%). The prevalence of MSS at any body site was 93.6%, with symptoms most commonly reported at the shoulder (74.5%), lower back (72.4%), neck (62.7%), lower legs (52.1%) and hand/wrist (46.7%). Logistic regression indicated that nurses who undertook manual handling of patients were 7.2 times as likely to report MSS (OR 7.2, 95%CI 1.2-42.3, P = .0275), while nurses suffering from periodic depression experienced a 3.3-fold MSS risk (OR 3.3, 95%CI 1.3-8.3, P = .0104). Overall, our study suggests that Korean nurses incur a very high MSS burden when compared internationally. A greater commitment is needed to improve physical conditions, occupational tasks and psychosocial work issues among nurses in this country. 相似文献