DNA damage of germ cell of rat induced by nitrotoluene chemicals

2,4-dinitrotoluene(2,4-DNT), 2,6-dinitrotoluene(2,6-DNT) and 4-nitrotoluene(4-NT) are typical pollutants in the Songhua River of Northeast China. Sertoli/germ call cocultures and single cell gel electrophoresis(SCGE) are applied to investigate whether they have genotoxicity on DNA damage of germ cell of Kunming male rat. The results showed that all three nitrotoluene compounds tested could induce DNA single-strand breaks of the germ call. A significant relationship is found between logarithm dose and the degree of DNA damage, which implies that 2,4-DNT, 2,6-DNT and 4-NT have genotoxicity and can induce the germ cell DNA strand to break in vitro.     

蚯蚓堆制处理牛粪的腐熟度指标初步研究

在最适湿度、接种密度和20℃的室内培养条件下,以赤子爱胜蚓(Eiseniafoetida)处理未腐熟牛粪,蚯蚓堆制产物的多种生物学和化学指标及相关分析表明:种子发芽指数、脲酶活性、NH+4 N、NO-3 N/NH+4 N可作为反映蚯蚓堆制处理腐熟度的优选指标;NO-3 N、磷酸酶活性可作为一般性指标;蔗糖酶活性,水溶性碳、氮和挥发性固体不宜作为腐熟度的指标。     

随机地震作用下BRB加固既有结构的可靠度分析∗

随着服役年限的增加,既有结构会出现材料力学性能经时退化。为精细化分析随机地震作用下既有结构及其加固后的安全性,利用非平稳地震动过程的降维模拟,并结合基于概率密度演化理论和等价极值分布的首次超越破坏可靠度分析方法,以层间位移角为评价指标,制定了3 种在不同位置布设人字形BRB 的加固方案。根据随机地震作用下BRB 加固既有结构的动力可靠度来确定3 种方案中的较优者。同时,依次用V 字形和斜支撑替换较优方案中的人字形支撑,并对比分析它们的动力可靠度,以寻找最优随机非线性振动控制的BRB 布设位置和支撑形式,为维修加固及抗震设计提供更为合理的途径。结果表明：本文方法为既有结构及其加固结构的抗震可靠度精细化计算提供了新途径,BRB 的不同布设位置及支撑形式能在一定程度上提高既有结构的动力可靠性。     

侧向流曝气生物滤池的工作性能与滤池长度的关系

研究了侧向流曝气生物滤池工作时COD、SS、氨氮和TN随滤池长度变化的关系.结果表明:(1)SS的去除主要集中在滤池前部0～1.42 m段;(2)对COD的去除,A段(0.56～2.08 m)起了主要作用,B段(2.78～4.66 m)弥补A段的COD去除效果;(3)氨氮的去除主要发生在2.53 m以后,B段承担了去除氨氮的主要作用.     

鄱阳湖白鹤保护区微塑料表面微生物群落结构特征

微塑料作为一种新型污染物所带来的环境问题越来越受到关注.以鄱阳湖五星垦殖场白鹤保护区为研究区,采集沉积物(SL)及不同类型微塑料样品,微塑料的主要类型是薄膜类(PE)、碎片类(PP1)、纤维类(PP2)和发泡类(PS),聚合物被确定为聚乙烯、聚丙烯和聚苯乙烯.采用16S高通量测序鉴定微生物(细菌和真菌)群落结构.结果表...     

对高校体育课武术教学现状及改革的思考

运用访谈法、实地考察法和文献资料法,通过对秦皇岛市部分高校体育课武术教学现状进行调查,发现目前高校体育课武术教学在教材内容、教学时数的设置、教法及手段等方面存在问题,提出了调整教学内容与教学方法、加强理论教学和增加课程总学时等武术教学改革的建议。     

Effect of biocover equipped with a novel passive air diffusion system on microbial methane oxidation and community of methanotrophs

A novel biocover with passive air diffusion system (PADS) was designed in this study. Its effect on landfill gas components in the macrocosms of simulated biocover systems was also investigated. The results show that O2 concentration increased in the whole profile of the macrocosms equipped with PADS. When simulated landfill gas (SLFG) flow rate was no more than 40 mL min(-1), the methane oxidation rate was 100%. The highest CH4 oxidation capacity reached to 31.34 mol m(-3) day(-1). Molecular microbiology analysis of the soil samples taken from the above macrocosm showed that the growth of type I methanotrophs was enhanced, attributable to enhanced air diffusion and distribution, whereas the microbial diversity and population density of type II methanotrophs were not so affected, as evidenced by the absence of any difference between the biocover equipped with PADS and that of the control. According to a phylogenic analysis, Methylobacter Methylosarcinafor type I, and Methylocystis, Methylosinus for type II, were the most prevalent species in the macrocosm with PADS.     

高碱度钢渣添加铁尾矿消解f-CaO的机理研究

高碱度钢渣掺唐山石人沟铁尾矿重构,两者在高温环境下熔融反应消解高碱度钢渣中f-CaO。采用正交实验法设计实验方案,考察了铁尾矿掺入量(分别为3%、5%和9%)、反应温度(分别为1 500℃,1 550℃和1 580℃)及恒温反应时间(分别为10 min、20 min和30 min)对消解高碱度钢渣中f-CaO的效果。实验结果表明,铁尾矿能有效消解钢渣中f-CaO,重构渣中f-CaO含量平均值为1.17%,消解率为76.27%。且由正交方法测出了铁尾矿掺入量对f-CaO的消解影响较大,极差值为0.41%;反应温度次之,极差值为0.32%;恒温反应时间影响较小,极差值为0.06%。利用X射线衍射方法测定重构渣中矿物组成,主要为磁铁矿、钙镁橄榄石、硅酸二钙、硅酸三钙、镁铁尖晶石、铁酸钙及铁铝酸钙。     

ABR+复合人工湿地处理分散性生活污水的中试研究

研究了ABR+复合人工湿地组合工艺处理分散性生活污水的运行效能及ABR中颗粒污泥的特性。结果表明:在pH和温度的范围分别为6.5～8.5,17.0～28.8℃,ABR和复合人工湿地的HRT分别为3 h(容积负荷平均为1.3 kgCOD/(m3.d)及1.3 d(水力负荷平均为24.6 cm/d)的条件下,系统对COD、NH4+-N、TN、TP和浊度均有较好的去除效果,其平均去除率分别为76%、69%、56%、87%和86%,出水浓度平均分别为37 mg/L、2.73 mg/L、6.93 mg/L、0.18 mg/L和5.05 NTU,ABR中形成了性状良好的颗粒污泥。     

Reduction of nitrobenzene in groundwater by iron nanoparticles immobilized in PEG/nylon membrane

The highly reactive iron nanoparticles (NPs) immobilized in nylon membrane were synthesized and characterized, and the reduction of nitrobenzene (NB) in groundwater by the NPs was investigated. Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) images showed that the NPs distributed homogeneously on the membrane surface without agglomeration. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses revealed that the NPs immobilized in membrane were mainly composed of Fe-oxides rather than zero-valent iron. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis suggested that the weight percentage of the immobilized NPs and the oxygen introduced to the reacted sample after 80min reaction were about 18.5% and 13%, respectively. Moreover, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis further demonstrated the changes on the membrane surface after thermal grafting, NPs immobilizing and reacting for 80min. Using the reactive NPs immobilized in nylon membrane, NB in groundwater was rapidly and quantitatively decreased by 68.9% just in the first 20min, the Fe(2+) associated with the iron NPs immobilized in PEG/nylon66 membrane was mainly responsible for this reduction. The reaction appeared to follow pseudo-first-order kinetics and the rate constants increased upon decreasing the pH value. The samples we prepared exhibited good corrosion resistance for humic acid (HA) but had a short-term performance for NB degradation. More so, the groundwater chemistry had a negative influence on the reactivity of membrane immobilized NPs.