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101.
102.
Patricia N. Pochelon Teresa Lopes da Silva Alberto Reis Antonina dos Santos Henrique Queiroga Ricardo Calado 《Marine Biology》2011,158(12):2825-2833
The present study investigated the existence of inter-individual and within-brood variability in the fatty acid (FA) profile
of developing embryos of Nephrops norvegicus. In all surveyed females (n = 5), the quantitatively most important FAs were as follows: 22:6n-3 (20.8 ± 3.9% average of total FA ± standard error),
18:1n-9 (19.5 ± 2.0%), 16:0 (15.2 ± 3.4%), 20:5n-3 (10.2 ± 1.4%), 16:1n-7 (8.9 ± 1.6%), and 18:1n-7 (5.7 ± 1.3%). Differences
in FA profiles of embryos in the same clutch were assessed using brooding chamber side (left and right) and pleopod (1st and
2nd, 3rd and 4th, and 5th) as predictive factors. There were no significant differences in the FA composition of embryos sampled
from both sides of the brooding chamber in 4 of the 5 surveyed females. However, all females exhibited significant differences
in the FA profiles of embryos sampled from different pleopods. Both saturated FA (SFA) and highly unsaturated FA (HUFA) present
in developing embryos exhibited marked differences along the breeding chamber. Overall, FA reserves appeared to vary significantly
within broods, which can ultimately be reflected on early larval survival. A potential cause for the within-brood variation
recorded in the FA profile of developing embryos include (1) differential female investment during ovarian maturation, mainly
due to variation in food quality/availability; (2) differential lipid catabolism during the incubation period of developing
embryos, as a consequence of embryos position within the female’s brooding chamber; or (3) differential female investment
during ovarian maturation amplified by differential lipid catabolism during the incubation period. 相似文献
103.
Roveri Vinicius Guimarães Luciana Lopes Toma Walber Correia Alberto Teodorico 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(46):65595-65609
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In some Brazilian coastal cities, it is common to observe ‘black tongues’ in beaches, i.e. a mixture of urban runoff and untreated... 相似文献
104.
Bigliardi Ana Paula dos Santos Marina Fernandes Caroline Lopes Feijo Garcia Edariane Menestrino dos Santos Marcelli Evans Telles Jones Marcus Herbert Soares Maria Cristina Flores Baisch Ana Luíza Muccillo da Silva Júnior Flavio Manoel Rodrigues 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(31):46803-46812
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Coal mining and burning activities in coal-fired power plants are among the most polluting activities in developing countries. In Brazil, the Candiota... 相似文献
105.
Charles Sandrine Ratier Aude Baudrot Virgile Multari Gauthier Siberchicot Aurélie Wu Dan Lopes Christelle 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(20):29244-29257
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the European Union, more than 100,000 man-made chemical substances are awaiting an environmental risk assessment (ERA). Simultaneously, ERA of... 相似文献
106.
107.
P. F. M. Lopes 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2008,10(5):639-655
This paper analyses shrimp caught from the wild and farmed shrimp in Brazil, focusing on production, amounts exported and
earnings, with comparisons drawn to all of South America and the world in general. We show that wild caught shrimp still comprises
the majority of what is produced and exported in Brazil, although aquaculture has been taking a relevant role in the internal
and external scenario, reaching similar levels of extraction in recent years. Despite some fluctuations in the amount of extracted
shrimp, Brazil increased its production from 15,000 tons in 1950 to 80,000 in 2004. The money earned with shrimp product exportation,
which includes farmed shrimp as well, followed a similar tendency. Shrimp aquaculture began late in Brazil, in 1974, and grew
slowly until 1995, initiating an accelerated growing process; current estimates assume 50,000 people are employed in this
activity, producing about 76,000 tons of shrimp every year. Although still incipient in relation to the world shrimp farmed
production, Brazil has been assuming a relevant role in South America, yielding 44% of its total production, in 2004. Despite
the importance of shrimp to the country, no studies have been conducted to explore the interrelations between the environmental
and social consequences of such unplanned aquaculture growth or uncontrolled wild shrimp fishing. Based on previous observations,
conflicts exist between different fishing scales. However, the consequences of shrimp farming on society (displacement from
their lands, changes in the life quality, etc.) have not yet been explored. Both activities, shrimp exploitation and aquaculture,
deserve better control and structure toward sustainable shrimp fishing and farming.
Readers should send their comments on this paper to: BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue. 相似文献
108.
Camila Santos Doubek Lopes Patrícia Silva de Azevedo 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2014,16(5):1013-1029
Despite more than 20 years of economic progress, especially in emerging economies like Brazil, the gap between developed and developing countries is still large, and environment problems have risen significantly. In this context, this paper aims to make the Brazilian furniture production cleaner, analyzing the environmental requirements considered by the micro and small enterprises (SMEs) in made-to-order furniture industry during the product development process (PDP). Another attempt was to identify the internal and external factors that led to the incorporation of these requirements. In this regard, a comprehensive review of eco-design concept that consists of composing environmental requirements into the PDP, through methods, tools, guidelines and techniques, was carried out. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews and in loco observations, analyzing each activity of the PDP and the environmental requirements on 18 SMEs in Brazil. The outcomes show that the economic factors determine the way in which the enterprises respond to the environmental issues and how adequate their companies according to laws and regulations. Moreover, the small number of qualified professionals in this field lead to difficulties to structure the sector, in other words, to produce with less environment impact. 相似文献
109.
Sediment toxicity can be assessed by conducting pore-water toxicity assays with standard water column organisms. Several methods have been developed for sampling pore-water. Centrifugation and pressurization methods are recommended when large volumes of pore-water are required to perform toxicity assays. Nevertheless, these methods involve sediment transportation and storage in laboratory, which can alter sediment toxicity. Therefore, an extraction method for large volumes that could be employed in the field site would be highly desirable. This study aimed to optimize and further evaluate an existing sediment pressurizing device with low construction costs, easy to carry and operate in the field, and presenting minimal chemical reactivity. The latter characteristic was achieved by lining the device interior with Teflon, by using large pore filters (50 microm), and by using an inert gas (nitrogen). Pore-water extraction efficiency and the toxicities of pore-water samples obtained by pressurization and by refrigerated centrifugation were compared. An artificial sediment (70% sand, 20% kaolin and 10% alpha-cellulose) spiked with an alcohol (phenol), a surfactant (SDS), a metal (copper), an organophosphate pesticide (parathion), and a natural sediment contaminated with acid mine drainage, were assayed for toxicity using Microtox assays. Sediment pressurization was found to be as efficient to extract pore-water as centrifugation, being more cost effective and adequate for field use. 相似文献
110.
Watershed management program on Santiago Island,Cape Verde 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The Watershed Management Program (WMP) was put into operation in early 1985 on Santiago Island, Cape Verde, with the stated
purpose, “to develop and protect the soil and water resources of the Program-designated watersheds … to stabilize the natural
environment and increase agricultural production potential in the Program area.” The approach to soil and water conservation
in the program has been to build erosion and flood control structures (engineering approach) and plant trees (biological approach)
to decrease rill and gully erosion, trap sediment behind control structures, provide flood protection, increase infiltration,
increase fuelwood and fodder production, and increase water supplies for irrigation. There have been many successes resulting
from specific management activities, but flawed approach or implementation in a few key areas has acted to impede the program's
complete success, including lack of a scientific basis for evaluating its impact on soil and water conservation; poor design,
placement, and maintenance of some major hydraulic structures; inadequate intervention in stabilizing farmlands or education
of farmers and landowners in the need for and benefits of agroforestry; and incomplete integration of engineering and biological
approaches. 相似文献