某城市污水处理厂二期污水处理工程设计研究

详细介绍了某城市第一污水处理厂在现有工程的基础上二期工程的工艺设计以及构筑物、设备参数;二期工程充分利用原有工程场地,本着现有、新建运行管理便捷统一原则,采用改良型A/A/O生化池作为二级处理主体工艺;二期工程投入运营后,某城市污水处理厂达到20×104 m3/d的污水设计规模.最终污水厂出水水质达到了《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级 A排放标准.污水处理厂运营后,经济效益显著,可保本经营,并具有企业自我发展的能力.     

污水净化装置内部流场特性分析研究

针对目前城市污水存在悬浮物和砂粒的问题,为了减少砂粒大量存在给后续单元带来的处理压力,设计了一种可实现在加药、絮凝等处理模块前,完成污水内固相悬浮物及颗粒的新型净化装置.基于计算流体动力学软件Fluent,运用混合相模型(Mixture),对新型污水净化装置内部流场特性及分离性能进行数值模拟分析.模拟结果显示新型污水净化装置内部流场分布均匀,分离性能稳定并呈现出了较好的固相去除效果,其中悬浮物的分离效率达90%以上,固相颗粒分离效率达91%.     

不同流态下微波辐射对污水污泥性质的影响研究

通过对不同流态下微波辐射对污水污泥性质的影响进行研究,考察了不同流态下微波辐射作用处理后污泥沉降性能、脱水性能的变化,以及微波辐射作用下流态对污泥挥发性悬浮固体(VSS)溶解率、上清液中COD和污泥微观形态的影响.结果表明,流态对污泥的沉降性能和脱水性能有一定影响,微波辐射功率越高,流态对污泥沉降性能和脱水性能的影响越显著.微波辐射功率较低时,雷诺数Re越大,污泥的沉降比(SV)、比阻和泥饼含水率越小;微波辐射功率较高时,Re为2300的临界流态下污泥的沉降性能和脱水性能最好.随着Re的增大,VSS溶解率和上清液中COD升高,微波辐射功率分别为300、500、700和900W时,Re为3000的紊流流态下上清液中COD分别达到1.1、2.1、3.6和6.7g·L-1.SEM观察结果表明,微波辐射及流态产生的协同剪切应时适宜时,有利于污泥颗粒的絮凝反应,高强度的微波辐射和紊流产生的较大剪切应力导致污泥絮体被打碎.     

Competitive sorption between 17α-ethinyl estradiol and bisphenol A/4-n-nonylphenol by soils

The sorption of 17α-ethinyl estradiol(EE2),bisphenol A(BPA),and 4-n-nonylphenol(NP) in single systems and the sorption of EE2 with different initial aqueous concentrations of BPA or NP were examined using three soils.Results showed that all sorption isotherms were nonlinear and fit the Freundlich model.The degree of nonlinearity was in the order BPA(0.537-0.686) > EE2(0.705-0.858) > NP(0.875-0.0.951) in single systems.The isotherm linearity index of EE2 sorption calculated by the Freundlich model for Loam,Silt Loam and Silt increased from 0.758,0.705 and 0.858,to 0.889,0.910 and 0.969,respectively,when BPA concentration increased from 0 to 1000 μg/L,but the effect of NP was comparably minimal.Additionally,EE2 significantly suppressed the sorption of BPA,but insignificantly suppressed that of NP.These findings can be attributed to the difference of sorption affinity of EE2,NP and BPA on the hard carbon(e.g.,black carbon) of soil organic matter that dominated the sorption in the low equilibrium aqueous concentration range of endocrine-disrupting chemicals(EDCs).Competitive sorption among EDCs presents new challenges for predicting the transport and fate of EDCs under the influence of co-solutes.     

Electrochemical and spectroscopic characteristics of dissolved organic matter in a forest soil profile

Dissolved organic matter （DOM） represents one of the most mobile and reactive organic compounds in ecosystem and plays an important role in the fate and transport of soil organic pollutants, nutrient cycling and more importantly global climate change. Electrochemical methods were first employed to evaluate DOM redox properties, and spectroscopic approaches were utilized to obtain information concerning its composition and structure. DOM was extracted from a forest soil profile with five horizons. Differential pulse voltammetry indicated that there were more redox-active moieties in the DOM from upper horizons than in that from lower horizons. Cyclic voltammetry further showed that these moieties were reversible in electron transfer. Chronoamperometry was employed to quantify the electron transfer capacity of DOM, including electron acceptor capacity and electron donor capacity, both of which decreased sharply with increasing depth. FT-IR, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra results suggested that DOM from the upper horizons was enriched with aromatic and humic structures while that from the lower horizons was rich in aliphatic carbon, which supported the findings obtained by electrochemical approaches. Electrochemical approaches combined with spectroscopic methods were applied to evaluate the characteristics of DOM extracted along a forest soil profile. The electrochemical properties of DOM, which can be rapidly and simply obtained, provide insight into the migration and transformation of DOM along a soil profile and will aid in better understanding of the biogeochemical role of DOM in natural environments.     

广州白云国际机场航空垃圾的处理及处置对策

广州白云国际机场是国家三大枢纽机场之一,随着广州白云国际机场航空事业的发展,航空垃圾的排放量越来越大,品种愈来愈多,对环境的影响也越来越明显。本文针对广州白云国际机场航空垃圾的产生情况、航空垃圾的处理现状进行分析,并对其将来航空垃圾的处理处置情况提出对策和建议。     

吴泾工业区扬尘污染治理中降尘监测的影响因素研究

降尘监测可以较客观地反映与评价城市区域扬尘污染水平。及时掌握降尘污染状况,对区域扬尘污染治理措施成效和评价城市区域环境空气质量具有实际意义。降尘监测具有采样设备简单、操作简便易行、成本相对较低等特点。但是监测周期长、环节多等都会影响降尘监测的准确性。本文通过对吴泾工业区扬尘污染治理中降尘数据分析发现,降尘监测中存在降尘数据波动大、受周边环境影响大、人为损坏多等诸多因素的影响,就这些影响因素进行分析探讨,并提出了若干建议和解决方法。     

大型LNG接收站建设过程中HSE管理体系的实施

针对大型LNG接收站建设过程中HSE管理所面临的诸多难点,结合HSE体系在LNG接收站建设初期试运行遇到的问题,利用PDCA循环的方法,从体系制定、培训、落实、检查、整改等方面探讨了多EPC模式下,建设单位HSE体系在工程建设中有效运行的经验。     

TPM设备管理模式在安全管理工作中的应用

介绍了TPM管理理念和方法。探讨了这一模式在人、物、环境系统安全管理方面的具体应用,以及取得的效果。     

上市公司环境管理应注意的问题研究

随着公众环保意识的不断增强,上市公司环境行为日益受到关注,对上市公司的环境管理水平也提出了新要求。上市公司应配备专业环境管理队伍,完善并实施企业环境管理制度,在日常环境管理中应注意环境影响评价和“三同时”手续的办理,及时进行排污申报并办理排污许可证,制定并执行环境监测计划,保证环保设施稳定运行,确保污染物达标排放,妥善处理生产过程中产生的一般固废和危险废物,做好事故应急预案,避免出现环境污染事件,并根据相关要求开展清洁生产审核,进行环境信息公开。