开采地下水引起的地面变形及其对工程的危害

本文以实例表述了开采地下水对水文地质条件的影响，及其引起的土体变形对工程的危害。从物理和力学观点探讨了开采地下水引起土体变形的三种机制：疏干区土自重的增加；承压含水层水压力的降低；饱水区渗流场水力梯度的变化。在变形机制探讨的基础上，提出了估算开采地下水引起土体变形的力学模型。     

涤纶短纤维生产过程的危害分析及防范对策

针对涤纶短纤维生产过程中的危害进行分析评价,提出相应的对策,为涤纶短纤维生产的安全管理提供思路.     

Wind-induced noise alters signaler and receiver behavior in vibrational communication

Noise that masks communication signals can affect the evolution of signal form and decisions about when and where to communicate. For the many invertebrates that communicate using plant-borne vibrations, wind is considered to be the major source of environmental noise. However, the influence of wind-induced vibrations on signaling behavior has not been experimentally tested. We tested the hypothesis that wind-induced noise influences signaling behavior in a plant-feeding insect (the treehopper, Enchenopa binotata ‘Ptelea’) in which mating is preceded by a vibrational duet between females and mate-searching males. We first characterized the diel signaling patterns of males in the field to identify the wind conditions under which signaling typically takes place. We then experimentally tested two predictions of the hypothesis: (1) that males use gap detection to initiate signaling during relatively wind-free periods; and (2) that females respond less to signals given in the presence of wind-induced vibrations. Both predictions were met, indicating that wind-induced noise is an important influence on the behavior of insects that use plant-borne vibrations.     

粘土矿胶粒及其含富里酸悬浊体系的电动特性

本文主要研究了氯化铝和聚合氯化铝凝聚二氧化硅、高岭土和蒙脱土胶粒,以及它们分别与含富里酸悬浊体系的电动特性及其影响因素。     

一级至四级工伤职工退休前不应缴纳养老保险费

本刊第6期刊登了童韶琴《论伤残津贴与基本养老保险待遇的衔接》一文,读后很受启发,但文中的观点有商榷之处.笔者认为,一级至四级工伤职工应作为一个特殊群体受到法律和社会的保护,在正确理解法律、法规立法原意的基础上,最大限度地维护工伤职工的合法权益.     

外喷雾水电联锁湿式煤电钻的研制及应用

分析了传统湿式打眼难以推广应用的原因,叙述了外喷雾水电联锁煤电钻湿式打眼法.     

泡沫活性炭的制备及其对丙酮的吸附性能研究

以中间相沥青和原煤为原料,在高温高压下发泡成型,经过高温炭化和水蒸气活化后制得了比表面积为672m2/g、中孔发达的泡沫状成型活性炭(MACFoam).该成型活性炭中含有大量的微米级孔道并具有良好的透气性,可以作为气流通道.由其所装填的吸附床层对丙酮的吸附行为与颗粒活性炭相似,可以使用Yoon-Nelson方程对实验穿...     

污染水体重金属化学稳定性的研究

本文采用湘江霞湾重金属污染江段沉积物及其相应体系,模拟实验研究了在静态和动态条件下沉积物中重金属的释放量及释放规律,获得了在50—150d的模拟实验期间沉积物中重金属的释放速率及相关系数,同时讨论了不同水环境条件对污染沉积物中重金属化学稳定性的影响。     

Phosphorus fluxes at the sediment–water interface in subtropical wetlands subjected to experimental warming: A microcosm study

Global warming is increasingly challenging for wetland ecological function. A temperature controlled microcosm system was developed to simulate climate change scenarios of an ambient temperature (control) and an elevated temperature (+5 °C). The effects and associated mechanisms of warming on phosphorus (P) fluxes at the sediment–water interface of six subtropical wetlands were investigated. The results indicated that P fluxes were generally enhanced under the experimental warming as measured by higher P concentrations in the porewater and overlying water as well as higher benthic P fluxes. The release of P from sediment to porewater occurred more strongly and quickly in response to experimental warming compared to the subsequent upward transfer into overlying water. The average accumulative benthic P output from the tested wetlands under the experimental warming was greater by 12.9 μg cm^?2 y^?1 (28%) for total P and 8.26 μg cm^?2 y^?1 (25%) for dissolved reactive P, compared to the ambient scenarios. Under warming the redistribution of P fractions in sediments occurred with greater NH₄Cl–P and lower BD–P (extracted by a bicarbonate buffered dithionite solution) accompanied by greater NaOH–P. The higher temperature enhanced total phospholipid fatty acids. A shift in the microbial community was also observed with a relative dominance of fungi (a 4.7% increase) and a relative decline (by 18%) in bacterial abundance, leading to the higher secretion of phosphatase. Comparing between wetlands, the potential P fluxes in the nutrient-enriched wetlands were less impacted by warming than the other wetland types investigated. Thus wetlands characterized by low or medium concentrations of P in sediments were more susceptible to warming compared to P-rich wetlands.