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101.
Rossella Briancesco Anna Maria Coccia Gianluca Chiaretti Simonetta Della Libera Maurizio Semproni Lucia Bonadonna 《Waste management & research》2008,26(2):196-202
Feedstock and compost samples were collected from twenty composting plants and analysed from the microbiological point of view. Faecal indicator organisms were determined in order to evaluate the efficacy of processes for the removal of pathogenic micro-organisms with similar survival characteristics and to verify their suitability as appropriate markers of microbial quality of composted products. In addition to the classical bacterial indicators, selected organisms, such as Salmonella, Giardia, Cryptosporidium, Clostridium spores and helminth ova, were investigated. Statistically significant differences in the removal of the different micro-organisms were observed with regard to both the different composting plants (P < 0.05) and feedstock composition (P < 0.05). In fact, compost obtained by feedstock containing sewage sludge was shown to have a better hygienic quality in comparison with compost containing green discards and municipal solid waste as raw matter. Giardia cysts, Cryptosporidium oocysts and helminth ova were not effective indicators of hygienic quality of compost, whereas Clostridium perfringens spores, because of their high resistance to treatments, could be considered as an additional model for assessing the composting process, especially with regard to more resistant pathogen reduction. 相似文献
102.
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104.
Daniel Campo Jose Molares Lucia Garcia Pino Fernandez-Rueda Claudia Garcia-Gonzalez Eva Garcia-Vazquez 《Marine Biology》2010,157(1):147-156
The alternation of glacial and interglacial events during the Pleistocene has produced changes in species distribution ranges
leading to bottlenecks and alterations of patterns of gene flow. The European stalked barnacle, Pollicipes pollicipes, is a sessile pedunculate cirripede that inhabits the rocky intertidal frame, from Senegal to the northwestern coast of France.
In this work, we have analyzed a fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I for 569 individuals of P. pollicipes in order to investigate whether the shifts in climatic conditions that occurred during the Pleistocene influenced the current
pattern of distribution of genetic variation of P. pollicipes. A pre-last glacial maximum pattern of demographic expansion was found, in concordance with many other North Atlantic marine
species. On the other hand, three potential glacial refugia were identified: North African coasts, northwestern Iberian Peninsula
and English Channel/Brittany. 相似文献
105.
106.
Pilar D. S. C. Mariani Antonio P. Vinagre Neto José P. da Silva Jr. Elke J. B. N. Cardoso Elisa Esposito Lucia H. Innocentini-Mei 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2007,15(1):19-24
The biodegradability properties of poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) and modified adipate-starch (AS) blends, using Edenol-3203 (E)
as a starch plasticizer, were investigated in laboratory by burial tests of the samples in previously analyzed agricultural
soil. The biodegradation process was carried out using the respirometric test according to ASTM D 5988-96, and the mineralization
was followed by both variables such as carbon dioxide evolution and mass loss. The results indicated that the presence of
AS-E accelerated the biodegradation rate as expected. 相似文献
107.
Seasonal differences in the locomotor activity pattern of Podarcis sicula held in constant conditions in the laboratory were found to be associated with systematic differences in both the freerunning period of locomotor rhythms () and the circadian activity time (). In order to establish whether the pineal played a role in the control of seasonal changes in circadian parameters, we examined the effects of pinealectomy in constant conditions on the locomotor behavior of lizards displaying the bimodal activity pattern typical of summer. In most lizards pinealectomy lengthened , shortened and abolished the bimodal activity pattern. Pinealectomy induced a sudden transition from the typical locomotor behavior of summer, characterized by a marked bimodal pattern, short and long , to the typical locomotor behavior of autumn, characterized by a unimodal pattern, a long and short . These results demonstrate that the pineal plays a central role in the seasonal reorganization of the circadian system that occurs in P. sicula. 相似文献
108.
Pochop J Kačániová M Hleba L Lopasovský L Bobková A Zeleňáková L Stričík M 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2012,47(3):212-216
The aim of this study was to follow contamination of ready-to-eat food with Listeria monocytogenes by using the Step One real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We used the PrepSEQ Rapid Spin Sample Preparation Kit for isolation of DNA and MicroSEQ? Listeria monocytogenes Detection Kit for the real-time PCR performance. In 30 samples of ready-to-eat milk and meat products without incubation we detected strains of Listeria monocytogenes in five samples (swabs). Internal positive control (IPC) was positive in all samples. Our results indicated that the real-time PCR assay developed in this study could sensitively detect Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat food without incubation. 相似文献
109.
Viñas L Franco A Blanco X Bargiela J Soriano JA Perez-Fernandez B Gonzalez JJ 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(2):529-539
The aim of this study was to establish the temporal trends and spatial distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)
in Ria de Vigo by means of studying the PAH burden in wild mussels. The samples were collected in eight sites along the margins
of the Ria de Vigo during November from 1998 to 2008 and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon contents were determined using high
performance liquid chromatography–fluorescence derivatization (HPLC–FLD). Quality of chemical analysis was guaranteed by participation
in QUASIMEME intercalibration exercises carried out during the period of analysis. The concentrations for the sum of 13 PAHs
were in the range 24–480 μg/kg dw, typical of an urban and industrialized area (50–500 μg/kg dw) except for a punctual input
in La Guía in 1998 that led to a concentration above 1,000 μg/kg dw. In general, the sites in the outermost section of the
estuary (ría) showed the lowest values, with an increasing gradient in the medium and inner parts of the ría. Temporal patterns
show, in general, a downward trend. The relative proportion of 3 and 4 ring PAHs also varies with the site, the former being
predominant in the outermost area and the latter in the medium and inner parts of the ría. This is consistently related with
the sources and processes taking place in different areas of the estuary. 相似文献
110.
The aim of this research is to determine the lethal concentration (LC(50-96 h)) of fungicide tebuconazole for common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and to investigate the occurrence of oxidative stress and metabolic changes after acute exposure to different concentrations of tebuconazole. For this purpose, several parameters were assessed as whole-body levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS), protein carbonyl, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, nonprotein thiols, ascorbic acid, glycogen, glucose, lactate, protein, amino acids and ammonia in tebuconazole-exposed fish. The calculated LC(50-96 h) was 2.37 mg L(-1). Fish exhibited significant increase in TBARS levels in all concentrations used while the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants were decreased. Among the metabolic parameters, glycogen and glucose increased at 1.19 mg L(-1) and protein levels decreased at 1.78 and 2.37 mg L(-1). In conclusion, the fish health was adversely affected by exposure to tebuconazole, and those changes can compromise animal survival in the natural environment. The results indicate that the some of the parameters measured like a possible biomarkers of exposure to tebuconazole for this species of fish. 相似文献