83—1除草剂在大鼠体内的代谢研究

目前，我国对新农药的登记要求对其进行代谢降解研究。为此本文采用ＨＰＬＣ、ＵＶ、ＩＲ和ＭＳ等现代仪器分析的方法，给大鼠经口染毒８３－１除草剂后，在大鼠尿中分离和鉴定出四种代谢代物，发现该除草剂在大鼠体内的代谢主要是还原和结合作用。从而推断了该农药在大鼠体内的代谢转化过程。     

活性碳纤维（PAN—ACF）对SO2的物理吸附、传质机理和扩散的探讨

本文研究ＰＡＮ－ＡＣＦ的主要结构参数，探讨了ＡＣＦ对ＳＯ２的物理吸附、脱附性能以及传质机理，得出传质过程为内扩散控制，并计算出扩散系数Ｄ值约为活性炭Ｄ的５０－１７０倍。     

蚯蚓有机废水土地处理试验研究

利用蚯蚓的有机废水土地处理是一种符合生态平衡的新的处理技术，在这种处理工艺中，含有蚯蚓的土壤对废水中的COD的吸附去除百分数和有机物负荷均比常规的污水土地处理高两倍以上。这一处理过程的机理符合吸附，再生过程的一级反应动力学。     

焦粉活性炭的制备及其应用

用废弃焦粉制备焦粉活性炭，通过正交实验考察了各种因素对焦粉活性炭性能的影响。实验结果表明：在活化时间80min、活化温度900℃、碱炭比（氢氧化钾与废弃焦粉的质量比）4、废弃焦粉粒径小于0．05mm的最佳条件下，制备的焦粉活性炭的亚甲基蓝吸附值为304．8mg／g，产率为35．6％；废弃焦粉的活化是活化剂刻蚀其颗粒形成丰富孔结构的氧化还原反应过程；用最佳条件下制备的焦粉活性炭处理质量浓度为60mg／t．的模拟含Cr^6＋废水，在废水pH为3—4、焦粉活性炭加入量为4g/L、吸附时间为50min的条件下，Cr^6＋去除率达93．2％。     

自然灾害对湖北粮食产量的影响分析

影响粮食产量的因素很多,包括劳动力、粮食播种面积、化肥施用量、机械化水平、自然灾害等。通过描述性统计分析了主要自然灾害对湖北省粮食产量的影响,在此基础上,采用C-D生产函数深入分析了自然灾害对湖北省粮食产量的影响程度,并以此为依据,提出了未来稳定湖北省粮食生产的若干措施。     

Genotypic variations in the accumulation of Cd exhibited by di erent vegetables

It is an important approach to use the Cd-contaminated soils properly by growing low accumulator or excluder plants for Cd to produce safe foods. To find the suitable vegetable species for growing in Cd-contaminated soils, in the present study the variations in the Cd accumulation for twenty eight vegetable species and several cultivars of five common vegetables (cowpea, kidney pea, bitter gourd, cucumber and squash) were investigated in two soil Cd levels (1 and 2 mg/kg Cd). Experimental results showed that highly significant di erences in Cd concentration were evident among 28 vegetables. For example, spinach Cd concentrations were 110-fold and 175-fold higher than that of sweet pea under the 1 and 2 mg/kg Cd exposures, respectively. For Cd accumulation, the order of vegetable species was: leafy vegetables > solanaceous vegetables > kale vegetables > root vegetables > allimus > melon vegetables > legumes. Distinctive di erences were also identified when comparing di erent cultivars of the five common vegetables with an average range of 0.003–0.094 mg/kg Cd. Our results indicated that a large genotypic variation existed among vegetable species or cultivars when subjected to Cd exposure. Therefore, it is important and feasible to elect/breed vegetable species/cultivars with low accumulation of Cd, especially in mildly Cd-contaminated soils.     

油气回收技术研究

对不同的油气回收技术进行了分析比较。分析了冷凝法、吸收法、吸附法、膜分离法对油气回收的优缺点。及回收效果影响因素。认为油气回收装置的应用将为石化企业带来明显的社会、环境效益及经济效益。     

基于DEA的产业园区循环经济效率评价

基于对DEA数据包络评价方法,建立了一个以效率为评价目标的合理、有效的产业园区循环经济绩效评价体系。指标体系的基本框架由产业园区循环经济系统的投入和产出组成,投入和产出又分别从经济、资源和环境三个方面分析。依据上述评价理论和方法对某产业园区15年的发展做了循环经济效率评价,评价结果基本符合该园区循环经济发展趋势,得到了其发展循环经济相对效率较高的结论。     

湘江霞湾港段底泥的铅含量与分布研究

湘江霞湾港段是湘江流域非常敏感且重要的生态区,大量工业废水排入导致该区域含铅污染物的沉积。对湘江霞湾港段底泥采样测定底泥及间隙水的铅含量,并研究了底泥及间隙水间的关系。结果表明。湘江霞湾港段受到了严重的铅污染,底泥含铅量最高达1827．6μg/g,远高于《地表水环境质量标准》（GB3838—2002）V类水的要求。湘江底泥和间隙水问铅含量的吸附一解吸平衡可采用朗格缪尔型和弗罗因德利希型吸附等温式描述。     

Quantification of net primary production of Chinese forest ecosystems with spatial statistical approaches

Net primary production (NPP) of terrestrial ecosystems provides food, fiber, construction materials, and energy to humans. Its demand is likely to increase substantially in this century due to rising population and biofuel uses. Assessing national forest NPP is of importance to best use forest resources in China. To date, most estimates of NPP are based on process-based ecosystem modeling, forestry inventory, and satellite observations. There are little efforts in using spatial statistical approaches while large datasets of in-situ observed NPP are available for Chinese forest ecosystems. Here we use the surveyed forest NPP and ecological data at 1,266 sites, the data of satellite forest coverage, and the information of climate and topography to estimate Chinese forest NPP and their associated uncertainties with two geospatial statistical approaches. We estimate that the Chinese forest and woodland ecosystems have total NPP of 1,325 ± 102 and 1,258 ± 186 Tg C year⁻¹ in 1.57 million km² forests with a regression method and a kriging method, respectively. These estimates are higher than the satellite-based estimate of 1,034 Tg C year⁻¹ and almost double the estimate of 778 Tg C year⁻¹ using a process-based terrestrial ecosystem model. Cross-validation suggests that the estimates with the kriging method are more accurate. Our developed geospatial statistical models could be alternative tools to provide national-level NPP estimates to better use Chinese forest resources.