水污染治理工程的环境绩效审计

环境绩效审计的作用之一就是检查投入到环境治理上的资金到底发挥了多大的效益。本研究以五里湖综合整治工程效益审计案例为基础,提出环境效益评估的程序,将条件评估法应用于水污染治理工程项目审计案例中,分析了无锡市居民为改善水环境质量和对周边房产的支付意愿,并计算出五里湖水环境改善的效益和周边房产的增值效益。结果表明,综合整治工程实施后会带来可观的经济效益。最后,对条件评估法在政府环境绩效审计中应用存在的问题进行了讨论,以期为政府环境审计提供技术支持。     

环境样品中杀菌剂的多残留分析

苯并咪唑类化合物(benzimidazoles)如涕必灵(thiabendazole)常作为杀菌剂普遍用在瓜果及农作物上.用液相色谱法分析这些物质比较困难:例如涕必灵,在硅胶基质的色谱柱上会发生严重的拖尾现象,酸性条件下尤为明显.涕必灵和多菌灵(carbendazim)在pH10的情况下使用XTerraMSC18色谱柱会得到较好的峰形,但在较高的pH值下,其它类型杀菌剂或杀虫剂可能不稳定,故难以用适合这些碱性杀菌剂的高pH值条件进行同时分析.     

吹扫-捕集/气相色谱/质谱分析水中挥发性有机化合物

吹扫捕集与气相色谱/质谱联用分析水中挥发性有机化合物是使用最为广泛的一种技术.取5ml水样,大多数目标化合物可在0.5μg·l-1或更低的浓度被定量.如果取25ml水样,就能得到更高的检测灵敏度.安捷伦公司吹扫捕集/气相色谱/质谱联用系统以其可靠的性能、高灵敏度和简单易用而在全球范围得到用户的认可.同时安捷伦公司可提供专为分析环境中挥发性化合物而设计的软件、消耗品及气相色谱柱,能够保证任何一间实验室得到高质量、可靠的分析实验数据.     

海水和海洋沉积物中总磷的测定

系统介绍了海水和海洋沉积物中总磷的测定方法,选用Ｋ２Ｓ２Ｏ８为氧化剂将有关形式的Ｐ转化成ＰＯ＾３－４,连同样品中原有的ＰＯ＾３－４－起用以抗坏到为还原剂的磷钼蓝法测定。方法的精密度６％,回收率为９１％－１０７％。     

镉铅对小麦醇脱氢酶(ADH)基因表达影响的初步研究

经过镉,铅４５ｈ污染处理,运用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｉｎ斑点杂分析和酶活性测定的方法探测萌发期小麦ＡＤＨ酶基因的表达情况。实验结果表明,ＡＤＨ基因表达在ＲＮＡ和酶活性两个层次均有变化,并且呈现相似的变化趋势,反映得金属的影响是来源于基因转录水平。     

MicroRNAs’ role in the environment-related non-communicable diseases and link to multidrug resistance,regulation, or alteration

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) 20 years ago has advocated a new era of “small molecular genetics.” About 2000 miRNAs are present that...     

The COVID-19 pandemic: prediction study based on machine learning models

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - COVID-19 was first discovered in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It is one of the worst pandemics in human history. Recent studies reported that...     

The value of Seasonal Correction Factors in assessing the health risk from domestic radon: a case study in Northamptonshire, UK

Following an intensive survey of domestic radon levels in the United Kingdom (UK), the former National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB), now the Radiation Protection Division of the Health Protection Agency (HPA-RPD), established a measurement protocol and promulgated Seasonal Correction Factors applicable to the country as a whole. Radon levels in the domestic built environment are assumed to vary systematically and repeatably during the year, being generally higher in winter. The Seasonal Correction Factors therefore comprise a series of numerical multipliers, which convert a 1-month or 3-month radon concentration measurement, commencing in any month of the year, to an effective annual mean radon concentration. In a recent project undertaken to assess the utility of short-term exposures in quantifying domestic radon levels, a comparative assessment of a number of integrating detector types was undertaken, with radon levels in 34 houses on common geology monitored over a 12-month period using dose-integrating track-etch detectors exposed in pairs (one upstairs, one downstairs) at 1-month and 3-month resolution. Seasonal variability of radon concentrations departed significantly from that expected on the basis of the HPA-RPD Seasonal Correction Factor set, with year-end discontinuities at both 1-month and 3-month measurement resolutions. Following this study, monitoring with electrets was continued in four properties, with weekly radon concentration data now available for a total duration in excess of three and a half years. Analysis of this data has permitted the derivation of reliable local Seasonal Correction Factors. Overall, these are significantly lower than those recommended by HPA-RPD, but are comparable with other results from the UK and from abroad, particularly those that recognise geological diversity and are consequently prepared on a regional rather than a national basis. This finding calls into question the validity of using nationally aggregated Seasonal Correction Factors, especially for shorter exposures, and the universal applicability of these corrections is discussed in detail.