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涤沦仿真丝印染废水治理技术的研究及其应用 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
采用化学法去除对苯二甲酸,对高浓度涤纶仿真丝印染废水进行治理。结果表明:该技术对碱减量废水中CODCr的去除有显著的效果。当废水的pH值在12~14,CODCr含量在10000~33000mg/L时,将废水的pH值调节到4~6,出水CODCr能降至1000~2700mg/L之间,CODCr去除率为77%~955%。为涤纶纺真丝印染废水治理达标排放奠定了基础 相似文献
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Sulfur speciation and bioaccumulation in camphor tree leaves as atmospheric sulfur indicator analyzed by synchrotron radiation XRF and XANES 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jianrong Zeng Guilin Zhang Liangman Bao Shilei Long Mingguang Tan Yan Li Chenyan M Yidong Zhao 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(3):605-612
Analyzing and understanding the effects of ambient pollution on plants is getting more and more attention as a topic of environmental biology.A method based on synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy was established to analyze the sulfur concentration and speciation in mature camphor tree leaves (CTLs),which were sampled from 5 local fields in Shanghai,China.Annual SO2 concentration,SO42-concentration in atmospheric particulate,SO42-and sulfur concentration in soil were also analyzed to explore the relationship between ambient sulfur sources and the sulfur nutrient cycling in CTLs.Total sulfur concentration in mature camphor tree leaves was 766-1704 mg/kg.The mainly detected sulfur states and their corresponding compounds were +6 (sulfate,include inorganic sulfate and organic sulfate),+5.2 (sulfonate),+2.2 (suloxides),+0.6 (thiols and thiothers),+0.2 (organic sulfides).Total sulfur concentration was strongly correlated with sulfate proportion with a linear correlation coefficient up to 0.977,which suggested that sulfur accumulated in CTLs as sulfate form.Reduced sulfur compounds (organic sulfides,thiols,thioethers,sulfoxide and sulfonate) assimilation was sufficed to meet the nutrient requirement for growth at a balanced level around 526 mg/kg.The sulfate accumulation mainly caused by atmospheric sulfur pollution such as SO2 and airborne sulfate particulate instead of soil contamination.From urban to suburb place,sulfate in mature CTLs decreased as the atmospheric sulfur pollution reduced,but a dramatic increase presented near the seashore,where the marine sulfate emission and maritime activity pollution were significant.The sulfur concentration and speciation in mature CTLs effectively represented the long-term biological accumulation of atmospheric sulfur pollution in local environment. 相似文献
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河流水环境质量评价研究——对评价系统、评价方法的新探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文旨在对河流水环境资源中水质、水量二要素的评价以及对定量、定性数据的综合评价进行方法论上的探讨。文中提出了模糊数学评价的改进方法,建立了一套水量评价标准和评价方法;建立了“优势度”概念并提出了水质、水量多目标定量、定性数据综合评价方法。以四川省沱江为例,对上述方法进行验证,根据评价结果划分河段,并对各河段的水资源合理利用及水环境规划提出建议。 相似文献
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以国土资源部颁布的《矿山地质环境保护规定》、《矿山环境保护与综合治理编制规范》和《地质灾害危险性评估技术要求》为原则,结合工作实践,尝试对矿山地质环境评估要求进行了强调与细化,对评估范围的确定方法,对现状评估、预测评估及综合评估的关系、方案适用年限、成果图件的编制等几个矿山地质环境保护与治理恢复方案中的主要技术问题做了初步探讨。 相似文献
17.
Biomarker responses and reproductive toxicity of the effluent from a Chinese large sewage treatment plant in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The present study was conducted to assess the potential toxicity of the effluent from a large sewage treatment plant (GBD-STP) in Beijing. Japanese medakas (Oryzias latipes) at reproduction active period were exposed to a serial of graded concentrations of the effluent or 100 ng l-1 of 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2, positive control). Growth, gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), reproductive success, induction potency of vitellogenin (VTG) in male fish and that of 7-ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase activity (EROD) in male fish liver were used as test endpoints. The growth suppression of fish was observed in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in significant differences in both body length and body weight of medaka above 5% effluent. This effluent can inhibit the growth of gonad of medakas and are more sensitive to male than to female. At exposure concentration of 40% and higher, there was an unexpected decrease of HSI values, which may be resulted from sub-lethal toxicity of effluent to fish liver. VTG of plasma in males were induced in all exposure concentration levels, but not in a dose-dependent manner. The concentration of 5% effluent would be the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) affecting reproductive success when examining fertile individuals, fecundity and fertilization rate. The overt CYP1A response and higher reproductive toxicity may be indicative of low process efficiency of this STP. 相似文献
18.
Baseline soil levels of PCDD/Fs established prior to the construction of municipal solid waste incinerators in China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In order to determine the baseline contamination by polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in different areas in China, prior to the construction of municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs), a total of 32 representative soil samples was collected near 16 incinerators and analyzed for their PCDD/F concentrations. The PCDD/F baseline concentrations in the soil samples ranged from 0.32 to 11.4 ng I-TEQ kg−1 (dry matter), with average and median value of 2.73 and 2.24 ng I-TEQ kg−1 (dry matter), respectively, and a span between maximum and minimum recorded value of 36. The PCDD homologues predominated in 26 out of 32 soil samples, with the ratio (PCDDs)/(PCDFs) ranging from 1.1 to 164; however in the other 6 samples, PCDF homologues were larger, with the same ratio varying from 0.04 to 0.8. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were used to examine PCDD/F amount and profile in these soil samples, and their possible associations with known emission sources: in this process 6 really distinct isomer fingerprints were identified. Background PCDD/F levels and profiles were comparable to those found in soils from China and other countries and indicate a rather low baseline PCDD/F contamination of soils. The present data provide the tools for future assessment of a possible impact of these MSWIs. 相似文献
19.
Xian T. Lu Yun Ma Cui Wang Xiao F. Zhang Da Q. Jin Chang J. Huang 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):445-454
Previous studies have demonstrated that pesticides could induce cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in vivo and in vitro, and that oxidative stress may be an important factor involved. However, investigations comparing the capability of different organophosphorous (OP) compounds to induce cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative stress are limited. Hence, the aim of this paper was to access the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of five OPs or metabolites, Acephate (ACE), Methamidophos (MET), Chloramidophos (CHL), Malathion (MAT) and Malaoxon (MAO), and to clarify the role of oxidative stress, using PC12 cells. The results demonstrated that MET, MAT and MAO caused significant inhibition of cell viability and increased DNA damage in PC12 cells at 40 mg L?1. MAO was more toxic than the other OPs. ACE, MET, MAT and MAO increased the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) at 20 mg L?1 and 40 mg L?1 to different degrees. Pre-treatment with vitamin E(600 μM)caused a significant attenuation in the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect; pre-treatment reversed subsequent OP-induced elevation of peroxidation products and the decline of anti-oxidant enzyme activities. These results indicate that oxidative damage is likely to be an initiating event that contributes to the OP-induced cytotoxicity. 相似文献
20.
电-生物耦合技术对偶氮染料的去除研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
酸性大红GR是一种较难生物降解的偶氮染料,采用一种电场和生物耦合的新型技术处理酸性大红GR模拟废水,并与单纯电化学法和好氧生物法进行试验对照。结果表明:反应6 h后,电化学法、好氧生物法、电-生物耦合技术对酸性大红GR的去除率分别达到15.7%、25.8%和71.2%,电-生物耦合技术能明显提高酸性大红GR的去除效果,起到强化生物处理的作用。在15 mA微电流条件下电-生物技术能克服50 mg/L酸性大红GR对好氧生物处理的抑制作用,为高浓度难降解染料废水的生物强化处理提供了可能。 相似文献