火灾后圆钢管约束钢筋再生混凝土轴压短柱 力学性能分析

利用ABAQUS软件建立了火灾后圆钢管约束钢筋再生混凝土轴压短柱的非线性有限元模型,在确定混凝土和钢材的本构基础上,对其火灾后剩余承载力和轴压刚度进行了数值计算,并与已有相关试验数据进行比对分析。分析了升温时间、截面直径、材料强度、骨料取代率、含钢率和配筋率等参数对火灾后剩余承载力和轴压刚度的影响规律。结果表明:升温时间和截面直径是影响火灾后试件剩余承载力和轴压刚度的主要因素;提出了该类试件火灾后剩余承载力和轴压刚度的简化计算公式,可为工程实际应用提供参考。     

Detoxification of aqueous solutions of the pesticide “Sevnol” by solar photocatalysis

The solar photodegradation of Sevnol, a commercial pesticide, based on carbaryl as active principle, was studied. Experiments have been carried out at laboratory and at pilot plant scale using titanium dioxide as catalyst. Complete dissappearance of carbaryl was achieved, while total mineralisation required longer irradiation. Active sludge respirometry showed significant detoxification of the solution. Finally, results obtained with commercial Sevnol were consistent with those of pure carbaryl, although the reaction was slower.     

Temporal analysis of airborne particulate matter reveals a dose-rate effect on mortality in El Paso: indications of differential toxicity for different particle mixtures

One of two topics explored is the limitations of the daily average in summarizing pollutant hourly profiles. The daily average of hourly measurements of air pollutant constituents provides continuity with previous studies using monitoring technology that only provided the daily average. However, other summary statistics are needed that make better use of all available information in 24-hr profiles. The daily average reflects the total daily dose, obscuring hourly resolution of the dose rate. Air pollutant exposures with comparable total daily doses may have very different effects when occurring at high levels over a few hours as opposed to low levels over a longer time. Alternative data-based choices for summary statistics are provided using principal component analysis to capture the exposure dose rate, while preserving ease of interpretation. This is demonstrated using the earliest hourly particle concentration data available for El Paso from archived records of particulate matter (PM)10. In this way, a significant association between evening PM10 exposures and nonaccidental daily mortality is found in El Paso from 1992 to 1995, otherwise missed using the daily average. Secondly, the nature and, hence, effects of particles in the ambient aerosol during El Paso sandstorms is believed different from that of particles present during still-air conditions resulting from atmospheric temperature inversions. To investigate this, wind speed (ws) is used as a surrogate variable to label PM10 exposures as Low-ws (primarily fine particles), High-ws (primarily coarse particles), or Mid-ws (a mixture of fine and coarse particles). A High-ws evening is significantly associated with a 10% lower risk of mortality on the succeeding third day, as compared with comparable exposures at Low- or Mid-ws. Although this analysis cannot be used to form firm conclusions because it uses a very small data set, it demonstrates the limitations of the daily average and suggests differential toxicity for different particle compositions.     

玉米自交系吸收利用磷素的差异及其相关性

大田选取11份玉米自交系，在两个供磷水平下研究了玉米自交系籽粒产量基因型差异及吸收效率、利用效率与磷效率的相关关系。试验结果表明：在磷胁迫的条件下，不同玉米自交系不仅产量存在较大的差异，而且对磷的响应度也不相同，产量最高的基因型中宗2号为最低的忻9005的5．15倍，将这些品种在二磷水平下以产量进行磷效率双向划分可以分为4种类型：双高效型(太411、KH12、58、中宗2号)；高磷高效型(187)；低磷高效型(冀257)；双低效型(478、冀35、XL12、忻9005、H21)，成熟期吸收、利用效率与磷效率的关系表明，在同一供磷条件下，11份自交系吸收、利用效率均有显著的差异，在两个供磷水平下，吸收效率与磷效率存在显著的正相关关系，而利用效率仅在高磷条件下与磷效率存在正相关性，表明在低磷水平下，成熟期磷效率主要由吸收效率决定，在高磷水平下，磷效率是吸收效率和利用效率共同作用的结果。图2表1参7。     

Energy balance of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Octopus maya</Emphasis> fed crab or an artificial diet

The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of a natural prey (the crab Callinectes sp.) and an artificial diet (pellet with squid paste and offered as a paste) on the survival and assimilation efficiency of subadult octopuses with 486 g of initial live weight. In order to reach this goal, the effects of the type of diet on energetic balance were assessed by recording ingestion rate (C), respiratory rate (R = R routine, R _rout + R apparent heat increment, R _AHI), ammonia production rate (U = U routine, U _rout + U post-prandial, U _PP) and biomass production (P) of Octopus maya during its growing process. Energy lost from faeces (H) was calculated as H=C−(U+R+P) and assimilated energy (As) as R + P. Octopuses fed an artificial diet had almost five times higher ingestion rate compared to that observed in octopuses fed crab. However, growth rate and production (P) were high in octopuses fed crab in comparison to octopuses fed artificial diet. An inverse relation between faeces (H) and type of food was observed, indicating that animals lost 77% of the ingested energy when fed artificial diet and only 5% when fed crab. A higher assimilation and production efficiency were obtained in octopuses fed crab (P/As: 61%) than in animals fed the artificial diet (P/As: −5%). The routine O : N ratio for animals in fasting was 9.1 and 2.3 for octopuses being fed crabs and the artificial diet, respectively. The post-alimentary O : N ratio was 3.6 and 2.2 for animals fed crabs and the artificial diet, respectively. This indicates that animals fed on both diets rely almost exclusively on protein. Based on energy balance data, a value of 472 kJ week⁻¹ kg⁻¹ of live octopus was estimated as the energy needed to obtain a growth rate near 9 g day⁻¹ (2.8% BW day⁻¹) for O. maya subadults. The total crab biomass needed to obtain 1 kg of fed O. maya biomass was calculated. A comparison with other different energy balance measurements made in other octopus species indicates that O. maya and Enteroctopus megalocyathus (Pérez et al. 2006) tend to be more efficient by channelling more ingested energy to biomass production (P = 69.5% of C) than O. vulgaris (P = 23% of C; Petza et al. 2006) or Paraledone charcoti (P = 4% of C; Daly and Peck 2000).     

基于MapObject组件的安全生产监督管理系统信息查询技术

鉴于GIS的强大空间数据处理能力，利用ESR1公司的地图组件MapObjects2．0，首次在PowerBuilder环境卜，成功开发了基于GIS的安全生产监督管理信息查询系统，实现了地图的缩放、漫游、导航、定位和直接在地图上进行查询、分析、统计等功能，使信息查询更迅速、直观，为安全生产监督管理部门日常管理技灾时实时救援决策提供信息支持。开发实例表明，将PowerBuilde。与地图组件MapObjects2．0结合开发安全生产临督管理信息系统，不仅开发方便、速度快，而且还能充分发挥PowerBtnldcr的管理、访问数据库优势。     

青藏高原纳木错和安多牧区室内空气污染研究

2009年夏季在青藏高原纳木错和安多牧区对牧民帐篷内细颗粒(PM2.5)浓度和一氧化碳(CO)的含量进行了观测,以认识牧区室内空气中PM2.5和CO的污染水平、日变化特征及主要影响因素,以及不同人群在污染物中的暴露水平.观测结果表明,未安装烟囱的帐篷内PM2.5浓度和CO平均含量(体积分数)分别为1.272 mg·m-...     

Detection of Phaeocystis globosa using sandwich hybridization integrated with nuclease protection assay (NPA-SH)

Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel is one of the common harmful algae species in coastal waters of the southeastern China. In this study, sandwich hybridization integrated with nuclease protection assay (NPA-SH) was used to qualitatively and quantitatively detect P. globosa. Results showed that this method had good applicability and validity in analyzing the samples from laboratory cultures and from fields. The linear regression equation for P. globosa was obtained, and the lowest detection number of cells was 1.8×104 cells. Statistics showed that there was no distinct difference between the results of detecting the microalgae by NPA-SH and traditional microscopy. This technique has good reliability, accuracy, and can give a remarkably high sample processing rate. Sandwich hybridization integrated with nuclease protection assay will provide an efficient alternative to microscopic method for monitoring and investigating the bloom of P. globosa.     

Detection of Phaeocystis globosa using sandwich hybridization integrated with nuclease protection assay (NPA-SH)

Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel is one of the common harmful algae species in coastal waters of the southeastern China. In this study, sandwich hybridization integrated with nuclease protection assay (NPA-SH) was used to qualitatively and quantitatively detect P. globosa. Results showed that this method had good applicability and validity in analyzing the samples from laboratory cultures and from fields. The linear regression equation for P. globosa was obtained, and the lowest detection number of cells was 1.8 × 10⁴ cells. Statistics showed that there was no distinct difference between the results of detecting the microalgae by NPA-SH and traditional microscopy. This technique has good reliability, accuracy, and can give a remarkably high sample processing rate. Sandwich hybridization integrated with nuclease protection assay will provide an efficient alternative to microscopic method for monitoring and investigating the bloom of P. globosa.     

石化企业地表水环境风险应急设施的环境风险识别

地表水环境风险应急设施是有效消除或降低石化企业的地表水环境风险的基础,在运行中也存在一定的环境风险,也会发生事故并对环境造成严重的负面影响。文章在探讨环境风险类型和风险识别范围的基础上,对石化企业地表水环境风险应急设施的环境风险识别进行了探索性研究。并结合我国西部某大型石化企业的地表水环境应急设施实例,运用故障树分析法进行了环境风险识别的分析,指出了其可能存在的故障。