Adaptive Capacity of Fishing Communities at Marine Protected Areas: A Case Study from the Colombian Pacific

Departing from a theoretical methodology, we estimate empirically an index of adaptive capacity (IAC) of a fishing community to the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs). We carried out household surveys, designed to obtain information for indicators and sub-indicators, and calculated the IAC. Moreover, we performed a sensitivity analysis to check for robustness of the results. Our findings show that, despite being located between two MPAs, the fishing community of Bazán in the Colombian Pacific is highly vulnerable and that the socioeconomic dimension of the IAC constitutes the most binding dimension for building adaptive capacity. Bazán is characterized by extreme poverty, high dependence on resources, and lack of basic public infrastructure. Notwithstanding, social capital and local awareness about ecological conditions may act as enhancers of adaptive capacity. The establishment of MPAs should consider the development of strategies to confer adaptive capacity to local communities highly dependent on resource extraction.     

Solar photocatalytic treatment of landfill leachate using a solid mineral by-product as a catalyst

The treatment of municipal solid waste landfill leachate in a pilot plant made up of solar compound parabolic collectors, using a solid industrial titanium by-product (WTiO₂) containing TiO₂ and Fe(III) as a photocatalyst, was investigated. In the study evidence was found showing that the degradation performed with WTiO₂ was mainly due to the Fe provided by this by-product, instead of TiO₂. However, although TiO₂ had very little effect by itself, a synergistic effect was observed between Fe and TiO₂. The application of WTiO₂, which produced coupled photo-Fenton and heterogeneous catalysis reactions, achieved a surprisingly high depuration level (86% of COD removal), higher than that reached by photo-Fenton using commercial FeSO₄ (43%) in the same conditions. After the oxidation process the biodegradability and toxicity of the landfill leachate were studied. The results showed that the leachate biodegradability was substantially increased, at least in the first stages of the process, and again that WTiO₂ was more efficient than FeSO₄ in terms of increasing biodegradability.     

东南亚珠芽魔芋多苗接力生长特性及应用前景

以珠芽魔芋人工诱导开花进行规模化无性育种,可将魔芋繁殖系数从1位数提高约330倍;采用催苗技术让种子及叶面球茎提早出苗,可显著延长魔芋生长周期,使魔芋种植周期由3年缩短为1年;魔芋种子1年生长最高膨大率超过5000倍,当年即形成1180g球茎;魔芋叶面球茎最大膨大率超过100倍,两者种植一季魔芋即可用于加工.突破了魔芋繁殖系数低、膨大率低导致种植周期长的双重困局,显著降低了病害风险,大幅度缩短了魔芋种植周期,从而突破魔芋传统种植区域的地理限制,使魔芋总产量超常规增长.     

Enhanced removal of mercury and lead by a novel and efficient surface-functionalized imogolite with nanoscale zero-valent iron material

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A novel hybrid nanomaterial, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)-grafted imogolite nanotubes (Imo), was synthesized via a fast and straightforward...     

河套平原O3浓度时空分布、传输路径及潜在源贡献分析

基于2005—2020年OMI遥感卫星O₃柱浓度数据，结合河套平原23个国控点环境自动监测站大气污染物数据和全球资料同化系统（GDAS）气象资料，探讨河套平原O₃污染时空分布特征、气象因素、传输路径和潜在来源.结果表明：（1）2005—2020年河套平原O₃柱浓度年均值波动上升，年均增长率为2.95%，季节变化表现为春季>冬季>夏季>秋季；（2）空间分布方面：高值区主要分布在东北部地区，南部城市低于北部城市；（3）河套平原地区O₃浓度与气温、日照呈显著正相关，与气压呈显著负相关，而降水、相对湿度、风速对O₃浓度影响具有显著的区域性差异；（4）基于后向轨迹HYSPLIT模型对河套平原地区污染严重城市鄂尔多斯市进行分析，发现远距离气流传输主要来自西北方向，近距离气流传输主要来自西南方向；O₃主要潜在贡献源区存在一定的季节差异：春季主要来自陕西北部与包头市，夏季主要来自陕西北部与山西西部，秋季主要来自内蒙古西部与宁夏银川市、陕西北部，而冬季则主...     

中国环境空气苯系物类挥发性有机物监测能力现状分析

为了解和评价中国环境空气挥发性有机物(VOCs)的监测能力和技术水平,以量化的手段评估环境空气VOCs监测数据质量,促进实验室质量管理水平提升,笔者以环境空气VOCs中的苯系物为代表,组织31个省、自治区、直辖市216家各级各类生态环境检验检测机构开展了实验室比对,利用稳健统计技术分析评价实验结果.结果表明:环境空气苯...