水上个体救生具的概念、种类和结构分析

水上个体救生具是指随身携带、供个体使用的一种在紧急状况下可以提供浮力以使落水者漂浮在水面上的水上救生工具 ,具有安全漂浮、营救、适体和保暖等基本性能。水上个体救生具根据用途、结构和浮力材料的不同有不同的分类 ,同时材料性能优化、结构适体和属具集成是其发展趋向。     

用新型絮凝剂处理制浆漂白废水

采用一种新型的有机无机复合型高分子絮凝剂(F-1)处理制浆漂白废水，进行了絮凝条件的优选试验和对比试验，结果表明：F-1絮凝剂的絮凝沉降效果与絮凝剂的用量、废水的pH有很大的关系。当废水的pH为6．0、絮凝剂用量为100mg／L时，漂白废水的色度、SS和COD的去除率分别为98．2％、93．6％和78．6％。而且，其絮凝性能明显优于阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(PAMC)、聚合氯化铝(PAC)以及聚合硫酸铁(PFS)等絮凝剂。     

焦炉煤气净化工艺研究进展

阐述了国内外焦炉煤气净化工艺的发展与研究现状，介绍了几种典型的焦炉煤气净化工艺，重点说明了湿式氧化工艺中的FRC法和湿式吸收工艺中的Sulfiban法，比较了几种有代表性的焦炉煤气净化工艺的脱硫脱氰效果，工艺特点以及运转费用，同时介绍了美国研究开发的LO－CAT法和我国东北师范大学研究开发的PDS法，并提同了几点建议。     

论环境行政司法

论述了环境行政司法的特点、原则及种类，重点分析了环境行政裁决和环境行政调解。     

陶瓷高温除尘技术的研究进展

许多国家都在研究陶瓷高温干法除尘技术，主要用在洁净煤燃烧联合循环发电技术中，讨论当前陶瓷高温除尘技术概要和国内外各种高温除尘技术及其研究状况，并对高温除尘技术的未来情况作出探讨性的预测。     

Growth and phosphate uptake kinetics of Microcystis aeruginosa under various environmental conditions

Growth and uptake of exogenous phosphate by Microcystis aeruginosa in batch culture under different temperature, photoperiod, and turbulence were studied by the method of phosphate isotope tracer. Relatively high temperature, long photoperiod and strong turbulence increased the cell density of M. aeruginosa in these batch cultures. The initial rapid uptake of phosphate by M. aeruginosa was independent of the temperature, photoperiod, and turbulence. Similarly, maximum exogenous phosphate uptake was not related to these environmental factors. However, elevated temperature and turbulence shortened the time, required to obtain maximum P accumulation. The growth of M. aeruginosa could alleviate the phosphorous leakage. Total amounts of exogenous phosphate uptake to M. aeruginosa and the phosphorus leakage of M. aeruginosa were significantly influenced by the growth state of M. aeruginosa closely correlated with the environmental factors. The maximum volume of exogenous phosphate uptake to M. aeruginosa was 46% of added exogenous phosphate in water with 16 hours of photoperiod. Thus, total amounts of exogenous phosphate uptake to M. aeruginosa were more strongly affected by the photoperiod length than temperature and turbulence.     

Eco-environmental benefit assessment of China's South-North Water Transfer Scheme--the middle route project

This paper assess the eco-environmental benefits that may come from the middle route project of China‘s South-North Water Transfer Scheme(SNWT) with principles and methods of eco-economics and planning reports of SNWT‘s middle route project. Some benefits were calculated in monetary units. To make sure that the results can be comparable with normal monetary indices, concrete assessment objects and the parameters are prudently selected according to the major characteristics of the project and its water import region. Primary assessment revealed that in different project construction stages, the benefit could be more than 13.07 billion RMB Yuan in 2010 and 19.79 billion RMB Yuan in 2030, respectively. The monetary value tends to increase with social-economic development. To realize these potential benefits, however, calls for more endeavors.     

中国西南不同湿地类型水鸟多样性评价

水鸟是反映湿地生态系统健康的指标之一,对不同湿地水鸟多样性进行评价能提出有利于湿地生态系统健康良性发展的湿地管理措施,亦能更好地保护水鸟资源。为缓解近年来中国自然湿地退化和消失的问题,中国政府积极推进实施了大量修复自然湿地和新建人工湿地的工程。然而受限于人力、物力和经费,当前对自然湿地和人工湿地水鸟多样性的系统调查和评价多局限于单一地点或局部区域。因水鸟的分布具有地域性,从地域尺度进行不同湿地类型水鸟多样性评价将更为客观,公众科学数据为区域大尺度数据获取提供了可能。本研究借助中国观鸟记录中心数据,比较了2014年1月至2018年2月中国西南4省(市)自然湿地和人工湿地的水鸟物种多样性和组成相似性;结果共记录到9目19科139种水鸟,其中有94.96%的物种分布于自然湿地,67.63%的物种分布于人工湿地;各类群水鸟在自然湿地中的物种数均高于人工湿地。结果说明自然湿地在水鸟保护中具有重要栖息地功能,人工湿地能为大部分水鸟提供栖息地,但不能完全代替自然湿地。自然湿地中的湖泊湿地、河流湿地和沼泽化草甸以及人工湿地中的水库、城市人工景观水面和娱乐水面是水鸟,特别是受威胁水鸟分布的重要湿地类型;建议政府部门重点对上述湿地亚类进行合理的规划和管理。     

固相萃取法分离富集污水样品中痕量壬基酚

本文结合气相色谱质谱选择离子(GCMS∑SIM)定量分析壬基酚含量,对固相萃取技术提取富集污水和再生水样品中痕量壬基酚的操作条件和参数进行了研究。研究结果表明,OasisRHLB固相萃取柱对壬基酚具有优良吸附保留性能,多级混合洗脱方式的洗脱效率达97.01%;测定结果准确度和精密度满足要求。     

固定化微生物技术处理垃圾渗滤液

采用固定化微生物技术建成了处理量为60m3d的垃圾渗滤液处理装置,运转结果表明:在进水CODCr为1980mgL、氨氮为820mgL的情况下,处理出水中CODCr为130mgL、氨氮为0.80mgL。该处理系统具有较强的抗冲击负荷的能力,且未发现水质的变化对微生物特别是硝化细菌产生抑制现象。