废水生化处理中有机物的分析和转化

有机物的种类、含量、物化特性、分子量等性质直接影响废水处理工艺的处理效果。本文综述了近年来废水生化处理中有机物的分析方法及废水生化处理过程中有机物的转化规律。     

ZPJ-40型高速转盘离心机减振技术

目的针对ZPJ-40型高速转盘离心机的振动问题,探索减振技术。方法采用主动减振和被动减振两种方式,实现离心机在升速、降速、稳速工作阶段及通过临界转速时,抑制振动发散。结果高速转盘离心机工作过程中振动小,噪音低,运行稳定。结论该减振技术可实现高速转子可靠运行。     

COD自动监测仪在应用中的准确性分析研究

化学需氧量自动监测仪器被越来越多地使用到对工业污水、生活污水、饮用水源等的水质监测中。为了选取性能更优越的设备投入到今后的自动监测工作,本文对多种品牌型号的化学需氧量自动监测仪器初次安装的比对监测结果进行分析,试图比较出某些设备测量准确性是否明显优于其他设备。根据结论,提出了自动监测仪器发展和应用的对策建议。     

基于Fluent的养猪场恶臭风险分析及应用

由规模化养猪场所带来的恶臭问题越来越受到公众的重视,也影响着养猪行业的可持续健康发展.而确定恶臭防护距离是控制恶臭污染和减轻养猪场周边居民健康影响的重要措施之一.采用了典型养猪场中NH3和H2S的联合恶臭强度分级方法,利用Fluent软件对养猪场恶臭源扩散模拟结果进行联合恶臭强度分级,最后从恶臭管理的角度确定了养猪场恶臭防护距离,并与国外推荐的养猪场恶臭防护距离计算公式法的结果进行了比较.结果表明,养猪场内部恶臭强度为5级,为不可接受区,需要加强猪舍的粪便清理及通风条件的改善;生活在恶臭强度为3、4、5级所覆盖区域的居民应该尽量减少户外活动,并有必要向当地的环保部门或政府举报,要求加强恶臭管理.养殖规模为2 000头的实例养猪场的恶臭安全防护距离约为200m.     

Lead ion adsorption on functionalized sugarcane bagasse prepared by concerted oxidation and deprotonation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Targeting the removal of Pb2+ in wastewater, sugarcane bagasse was treated with nitric acid and an alkaline solution to prepare adsorbents. On a...     

Intrinsic chemiluminescence production from the degradation of haloaromatic pollutants during environmentally-friendly advanced oxidation processes: Mechanism, structure–activity relationship and potential applications

The ubiquitous distribution of halogenated aromatic compounds(XAr) coupled with their carcinogenicity has raised public concerns on their potential risks to both human health and the ecosystem. Recently, advanced oxidation processes(AOPs) have been considered as an"environmentally-friendly" technology for the remediation and destruction of such recalcitrant and highly toxic XAr. During our study on the mechanism of metal-independent production of hydroxyl radicals(UOH) by halogenated quinones and H_2O_2, we found, unexpectedly, that an unprecedented UOH-dependent two-step intrinsic chemiluminescene(CL) can be produced by H_2O_2 and tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone, the major carcinogenic metabolite of the widely used wood preservative pentachlorophenol. Further investigations showed that, in all UOH-generating systems, CL can also be produced not only by pentachlorophenol and all other halogenated phenols, but also by all XAr tested. A systematic structure–activity relationship study for all 19 chlorophenolic congeners showed that the CL increased with an increasing number of Cl-substitution in general. More importantly, a relatively good correlation was observed between the formation of quinoid/semiquinone radical intermediates and CL generation. Based on these results, we propose that UOH-dependent formation of quinoid intermediates and electronically excited carbonyl species is responsible for this unusual CL production; and a rapid, sensitive,simple, and effective CL method was developed not only to detect and quantify trace amount of XAr, but also to provide useful information for predicting the toxicity or monitoring real-time degradation kinetics of XAr. These findings may have broad chemical, environmental and biological implications for future studies on halogenated aromatic persistent organic pollutants.     

基于环境约束的浙江省制造业行业结构调整优化研究

文章在综合评价浙江省制造业内部各产业污染排放强度的基础上,对浙江省制造业污染排放量进行了因素分解,并构建了基于污染排放程度系数和工业总产值的区域类型划分矩阵,将浙江省制造业划分为优先发展行业、结构优化发展行业、引导发展行业、推动发展行业和限制发展行业,对浙江省制造业内部各产业结构的调整优化提出了针对性建议。     

Ecological Approaches to Urban Migration of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region

As a global developing tendency, the general viewpoint has been reached in the construction of the ecocities, which has produced widespread influence in the international society. Cities must enable people to live in harmony with nature and achieve sustainable development. Although more and more cities in the world are being designed and built to the ecological ones, the construction is also theoretical questions and arduous tasks. People oriented, ecocity development requires the comprehensiv…