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91.
Homayonibezi Nasrin Dobaradaran Sina Arfaeinia Hossein Mahmoodi Marzieh Sanati Ali Mohammad Farzaneh Mohammad Reza Kafaei Raheleh Afsari Maryam Fouladvand Moradali Ramavandi Bahman 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(12):14882-14892
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This work aimed to explore the concentration of nickel, manganese, iron, copper, chromium, and lead in the milk of goat herds in the industrial area... 相似文献
92.
Maryam Nastar Jennifer Isoke Robinah Kulabako Giorgia Silvestri 《Local Environment》2013,18(4):358-373
ABSTRACTImproving urban liveability and prosperity is commonly set as a priority in urban development plans and policy around the world. Several annual reports produced by international consulting firms, media, and global agencies rank the liveability of cities based on a set of indicators, to represent the quality of life in these cities. The higher is the ranking, the more liveable is the city. In this paper, we argue that such quantitative approaches to framing and addressing urban liveability challenges leave little room to reflect on people's experiences of this liveability, which cannot be expressed through numbers. To illustrate our argument, we draw on empirical evidence of urban liveability challenges in access to water and land in Kampala, the capital city of Uganda, ranked recently as the most liveable East African city by various global agencies and media outlets. By showing that increasing the number of water connections does not guarantee improved access to water and sanitation in the long run, first, we demonstrate how urban liveability challenges are tightly linked with land-title issues in the city. Second, we highlight the political game-playing between the central government, the opposition, the traditional leadership, and the slum dwellers in governance processes of service delivery. Finally, by arguing that urban liveability can be enhanced by broadening political participation in city development planning, we discuss some of the strategies that can be used by communities to make collective claims towards improving their quality of life and the environment. 相似文献
93.
Ghosh Soumya Al-Sharify Zainab T. Maleka Mathabatha Frank Onyeaka Helen Maleke Maleke Maolloum Alhaji Godoy Liliana Meskini Maryam Rami Mina Rezghi Ahmadi Shabnam Al-Najjar Shahad Z. Al-Sharify Noor T. Ahmed Sura M. Dehghani Mohammad Hadi 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(39):58628-58647
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This current study review provides a brief review of a natural bee product known as propolis and its relevance toward combating SARS-CoV viruses.... 相似文献
94.
The aim of our investigations was to determine, via oxygen and carbon-dioxide respirometry, how much energy dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) require when swimming at different speeds. Experiments were conducted on two female bottlenose dolphins (mean mass 162 kg)
in the dolphinarium in Nuremberg Zoo, Germany, between March and August 1997. Animals were stationed in a respiration chamber
for a minimum of 90 s after performing a variety of activities. We measured respiration frequency and oxygen requirements
during (1) resting, (2) swimming at various velocities and (3) leaping to various heights. Resting metabolic rate of our bottlenose
dolphins (2.15 W kg−1) was comparable to previously published data. Metabolic rate in swimming dolphins increased to 2.47 W kg−1 at 2 m s−1, while leaps to 2.2 and 3 m height required a power input of 3.5 and 4 W kg−1, respectively. Transport costs of swimming dolphins were lowest (1.16 J kg−1 m−1, corresponding to 0.12 J N−1 m−1) at a speed of 2.5 m s−1, yielding an optimal range speed of between 1.9 and 3.2 m s−1 (corresponding to minimum cost of transport ±10%). Breathing rates during all experiments correlated very well with oxygen
consumption (r
2 > 0.89) and could be used to derive metabolic rates in unencumbered dolphins at sea.
Received: 18 December 1998 / Accepted: 27 April 1999 相似文献
95.
Maryam Kalantarnia Faisal Khan Kelly Hawboldt 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2009,22(5):600-606
To ensure the safety of a process system, engineers use different methods to identify the potential hazards that may cause severe consequences. One of the most popular methods used is quantitative risk assessment (QRA) which quantifies the risk associated with a particular process activity. One of QRA's major disadvantages is its inability to update risk during the life of a process. As the process operates, abnormal events will result in incidents and near misses. These events are often called accident precursors. A conventional QRA process is unable to use the accident precursor information to revise the risk profile. To overcome this, a methodology has been proposed based on the work of Meel and Seider (2006). Similar to Meel and Seider (2006) work, this methodology uses Bayesian theory to update the likelihood of the event occurrence and also failure probability of the safety system. In this paper the proposed methodology is outlined and its application is demonstrated using a simple case study. First, potential accident scenarios are identified and represented in terms of an event tree, next, using the event tree and available failure data end-state probabilities are estimated. Subsequently, using the available accident precursor data, safety system failure likelihood and event tree end-state probabilities are revised. The methodology has been simulated using deterministic (point value) as well as probabilistic approach. This Methodology is applied to a case study demonstrating a storage tank containing highly hazardous chemicals. The comparison between conventional QRA and the results from dynamic failure assessment approach shows the significant deviation in system failure frequency throughout the life time of the process unit. 相似文献
96.
Shahzad Laila Tahir Ajwa Dogar Maryam Saeed Salar 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(9):13607-13627
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Tourism plays an essential role in the economic development of a country and has become a growing phenomenon of global importance. The climate change... 相似文献
97.
Maryam Mirhadi Fard Charles J. Kibert Abdol R. Chini 《International Journal of Sustainable Engineering》2016,9(2):76-92
Site selection is a typical strategic decision for many industries that deals with specifying the most appropriate location for a facility. In the context of sustainable development, site selection decisions need to be improved by adopting environmental, economic and social requirements. This study aims to frame sustainable location decisions by conducting a case study of siting a new cement plant in the state of Florida. As a part of the study, a wide range of technical and sustainability criteria has developed. These criteria can help decision-makers in the cement industry evaluate the selection of a location with the requirements of sustainable development. The sustainability characteristics of alternative sites in the state of Florida are evaluated based on the criteria to identify the most appropriate ones. The analytical hierarchy processand geographic information system techniques are utilized to weight the criteria and evaluate the characteristics of site candidates. 相似文献
98.
Wavelet transform-based artificial neural networks (WT-ANN) in PM10 pollution level estimation, based on circular variables 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shekarrizfard M Karimi-Jashni A Hadad K 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(1):256-268
Introduction
In this paper, a novel method in the estimation and prediction of PM10 is introduced using wavelet transform-based artificial neural networks (WT-ANN). 相似文献99.
Flex fuel vehicles (FFVs) typically operate on gasoline or E85, an 85%/15% volume blend of ethanol and gasoline. Differences in FFV fuel use and tailpipe emission rates are quantified for E85 versus gasoline based on real-world measurements of five FFVs with a portable emissions measurement system (PEMS), supplemented chassis dynamometer data, and estimates from the Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES) model. Because of inter-vehicle variability, an individual FFV may have higher nitrogen oxide (NOx) or carbon monoxide (CO) emission rates on E85 versus gasoline, even though average rates are lower. Based on PEMS data, the comparison of tailpipe emission rates for E85 versus gasoline is sensitive to vehicle-specific power (VSP). For example, although CO emission rates are lower for all VSP modes, they are proportionally lowest at higher VSP. Driving cycles with high power demand are more advantageous with respect to CO emissions, but less advantageous for NOx. Chassis dynamometer data are available for 121 FFVs at 50,000 useful life miles. Based on the dynamometer data, the average difference in tailpipe emissions for E85 versus gasoline is ?23% for NOx, ?30% for CO, and no significant difference for hydrocarbons (HC). To account for both the fuel cycle and tailpipe emissions from the vehicle, a life cycle inventory was conducted. Although tailpipe NOx emissions are lower for E85 versus gasoline for FFVs and thus benefit areas where the vehicles operate, the life cycle NOx emissions are higher because the NOx emissions generated during fuel production are higher. The fuel production emissions take place typically in rural areas. Although there are not significant differences in the total HC emissions, there are differences in HC speciation. The net effect of lower tailpipe NOx emissions and differences in HC speciation on ozone formation should be further evaluated.Implications: Reported comparisons of flex fuel vehicle (FFV) tailpipe emission rates for E85 versus gasoline have been inconsistent. To date, this is the most comprehensive evaluation of available and new data. The large range of inter-vehicle variability illustrates why prior studies based on small sample sizes led to apparently contradictory findings. E85 leads to significant reductions in tailpipe nitrogen oxide (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) emission rates compared with gasoline, indicating a potential benefit for ozone air quality management in NOx-limited areas. The comparison of FFV tailpipe emissions between E85 and gasoline is sensitive to power demand and driving cycles. 相似文献
100.
Ali Muhammad Muddassir Fatima Areej Nawaz Sadia Rehman Abdul Javed Maryam Nadeem Asif 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(59):88803-88811
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Bisphenol S (BPS) is an analog of bisphenol A, which is used as substitute of BPA in many products like airport luggage tags, baby bottles, plastics,... 相似文献