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11.
As a means to remediate soil contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, we investigated a combined process involving
ethanol washing followed by a Fenton oxidation reaction. Artificial loamy soil was contaminated with various representative
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (i.e., fluorene, anthracene, pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, or benzo(a)pyrene) at concentrations
ten times higher than regulatory soil standards of The Netherlands or Canada, and then washed four times in ethanol, which
reduced the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination to below the regulatory standard. Fenton oxidation
of ethanol solutions containing anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, pyrene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, benz(a)anthracene, benzo(j)fluoranthene,
or indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene showed a removal efficiency of 73.3%–99.0%; by contrast, solutions containing naphthalene, fluorene,
fluoranthene, phenanthrene, or benzo(b)fluoranthene showed a removal efficiency of 9.6%–27.6%. Since each of the nonremediated
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, excluding benzo(b)fluoranthene, are easily biodegradable, these results indicate that the
proposed treatment can be successfully applied to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil that does not contain
high concentrations of benzo(b)fluoranthene. The main reaction products resulting from Fenton oxidation of ethanol solutions
containing anthracene or benz(a)anthracene were anthraquinon or benz(a)anthracene-7,12-dione, respectively; while 1,8-naphthalic
anhydride was produced by solutions of acenaphthylene and acenaphthene, and 9-fluorenone by a fluorene solution.
Received: June 9, 1998 / Accepted: March 24, 1999 相似文献
12.
Haruhisa Fukada Noriyuki Takahashi Noriko Hosomi Toshiro Masumoto 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2016,18(2):231-238
During tuna processing for human consumption, the fish are initially boiled in water, creating ~7000 tons of wastewater a year in Tosashimizu City, Japan. The wastewater (tuna broth; TB) is rich in free amino acids and peptides; therefore, we investigated two methods of utilizing it beneficially. In experiment 1, crude TB was used as a growth enhancer for two farmed species, juvenile yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) and red sea bream (Pagrus major). Juveniles of both species, fed commercial extruded pellets mixed with 300 mL TB, showed significantly better growth than the unsupplemented control group. In experiment 2, concentrated TB was used as a dietary ingredient for juvenile yellowtail to improve palatability and growth. Dietary preferences and growth were rated as follows: fish meal diet > soy protein concentrate (SPC) + TB diet > SPC + krill meal diet > SPC diet. The beneficial effects of TB as a dietary supplement were evident. Crude TB enhanced juvenile growth at minimal cost. Concentrated TB requires processing, with associated costs; however, it proved to be a valuable fish-feed supplement because of its high palatability and growth-promoting effect. The utilization of TB also contributes to reducing the environmental impact of fish wastewater. 相似文献
13.
Masaaki Fukushima Misao Shioya Keiji Wakai Hidetoshi Ibe 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2009,11(1):11-18
Sapporo Plastics Recycling Co., Ltd., (SPR) started its commercial operation of waste plastics liquefaction in 2000. At first
only hydrocarbon oil was reclaimed, this being derived from the waste plastics liquefaction process under the Japanese Containers
and Packaging Recycling Law. Presently, thermal degradation residue and hydrochloric acid are being produced as by-products
in addition to the hydrocarbon oil. As a result, the SPR plastics liquefaction plant has achieved a high reclamation rate
of 96%, and 93% of the recycled products have been reused in Hokkaido, where SPR is located. The technical problems caused
by corrosion and clogging have been solved.
Chemical Feedstock Recycling & Other Innovative Recycling Techniques 6 相似文献
14.
Haruhiro Ino Yoshihisa Matsumoto Ryo Takahashi Kazukiyo Takami Junya Nishino Masaaki Itoh 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2008,10(2):129-133
H-ZSM-5 zeolite-supported gallium oxides were studied as aromatization catalysts for polyolefin pyrolysate. The catalysts
were prepared by a conventional physical mixing method with a gallium content of 1.0 and 4.5 wt% and were reduced in flowing
hydrogen at 585°C. To test their activity, a polyolefin sample was pyrolyzed and passed over a heated catalyst layer; the
product was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A continuous-flow fixed-bed reactor was used for aromatization
of a model gas of polyolefin pyrolysate. For chlorine-free sources at 450°C, the catalyst with only 1.0 wt% gallium exhibited
activity comparable to a gallium silicate catalyst. For chlorine-contaminated sources, the catalyst with 4.5 wt% gallium sustained
catalytic activity for long periods. From the activity test results, it was found that zeolite-supported gallium catalysts
prepared by the physical mixing method are suitable for converting polyolefin into aromatic hydrocarbons. 相似文献
15.
cis-Chlordane, trans-chlordane, and heptachlor were photodegraded in ethanol, and their degradation fates and degradation products were determined by a computational chemical method. The most degradable material was heptachlor (first-order reaction constant k=0.13 min(-1)). Chlorine balances changed during UV irradiation, and the chlorine atoms in chlordane and heptachlor were eventually mineralized. cis-Chlordane, trans-chlordane and heptachlor each generated two di-dechlorinated products. Reactivities at various positions in these compounds were predicted on the basis of bond dissociation energies calculated by nonempirical molecular orbital calculation (Gaussian 98W). 相似文献
16.
Polychlorinated dibenzothiophenes (PCDTs) in sediment, soil, and fly ash samples collected in Japan were analyzed and their dioxin-like endocrine-disruption potential and photodegradability investigated. PCDTs were detected in all three types of sample, although the concentrations were lower than those of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). An Ah-immunoassay confirmed that 2,3,7,8-TeCDT, 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDT, 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDT, and 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDT had Ah receptor-binding activities, which means that these PCDTs have the potential to cause dioxin-like endocrine-disruption. Photodegradation of PCDTs by UV irradiation was accompanied by dechlorination. The photodegradation rates of 2,3,7,8-TeCDT and OCDT were lower than the rates for the corresponding PCDF isomers (2,3,7,8-TeCDF and OCDF), which indicates that PCDTs are more stable than PCDFs to photodegradation. 相似文献
17.
18.
The relationship between the content of various forms of phosphorus in lakesediments and the amount of phosphorus released under aerobic and anaerobic conditions was studied. Total phosphorus content in the sediment of Lake Kasumigaura was highest at the 0–5 cm surface layer and decreased with depth. The constant value below 15 cm was consistent with the decrease of iron-bound phosphorus conent (FeP). The amount of phosphorus released from the sediments was proportional to the decrease of FeP under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Under anaerobic conditions, 90% of the FeP initially held in the sediments was released in 55 days. Using dialysis apparatus, maximum growth yield of algae was shown to be linearly dependent on the amount of phosphorus released under aerobic conditions. 相似文献
19.
采用通量箱(30.0 cm×17.5 cm×29.0 cm)研究砂土与黑土中苯挥发过程中的影响因素和通量变化特征.通过模拟不同空气流速、不同温度,并设定土壤类型、土壤含水量、初始浓度等条件,实时监测通量箱中各层土壤气相中和土壤上方空气中苯的浓度,来分析不同条件下苯的挥发特征.结果表明,砂土和黑土中苯的挥发通量分别随着土壤含水量的增加而降低,土壤充气空隙率相近情况下,苯在砂土中的挥发通量明显高于黑土.空气流速在300~900 mL·min-1范围内,砂土中苯挥发通量随空气流速升高而加大;在20~40℃范围内对黑土的试验结果表明,苯挥发强度受温度影响显著.苯挥发通量与土壤中苯浓度呈线性相关,其可根据土壤中苯初始浓度和水溶出浓度进行预测. 相似文献
20.
Sano Daisuke Watanabe Ryosuke Oishi Wakana Amarasiri Mohan Kitajima Masaaki Okabe Satoshi 《Food and environmental virology》2021,13(1):84-92
Food and Environmental Virology - This study investigated the influence of viral interference on the detection of enteric viruses using the integrated cell culture (ICC)-PCR with a BGM cell line.... 相似文献