阳离子共聚物的反相悬浮聚合

采用反相悬浮聚合方法合成颗粒状的阳离子型高分子絮凝剂。选用丙烯酰胺(Am)和氯化[N,N,N-三甲基乙醇丙烯酸酯]盐(AQ)两种单体,研究反应体系的特征及影响分子量的基本因素,诸如温度、单体浓度、引发剂浓度、分散剂浓度、水相和油相的体积比(Vw/Vo)对分子量的影响。为了选择出最佳原料比,本文对两种单体的原料比进行了研究。实验中还发现亚硫酸钠是一种优良的缩短反应诱导期、加速反应进程的试剂。     

Promotive effect of pyridine on indole degradation by activated sludge under anoxic conditions

Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the promotive effect of pyridine on indole degradation under denitrifying conditions. The seed sludge was obtained from a local coal-coking wastewater treatment facility and was acclimated in the laboratory. Indole and pyridine were supplemented to the synthetic wastewater at different ratios. The optimum ratio of chemical oxygen demand (COD) to nitrate (C/N) was 8.4–8.9 for both denitrification and indole and pyridine degradation. At a temperature of 28°C and pH of 7.0–7.5, the nitrate reductase activity (NRA) was in the best state. The addition of pyridine could promote NRA and the degradation of indole. When the initial concentration of indole was 150 mg/L, the concentration ratio of indole to pyridine was in the range of 1–10. Under optimum C/N conditions, the degradation of indole could be described with pseudo-zero-order kinetics. There was no accumulation of nitrite during the reaction. When the concentration ratio of pyridine to indole was less than 0.25 with an increase in the pyridine proportion, there were more significant augment rates for NRA and the degradation of indole than the situation when the concentration ratio was more than 0.25. __________ Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(2): 300–304 [译自: 环境科学]     

东太湖渔业发展对水环境的影响及其生态对策

东太湖网围养殖始于1984．至今养殖面积达3200hm^2。占东太湖面积的24％以上。网围养殖的盲目发展带来了湖泊的水质污染．沼泽化等环境问题。为保护东太湖水域环境。必须明确湖泊功能定位。减少湖泊污染源。并在此基础上进行人工调控．合理放养。完善湖泊生态系统结构。针对东太湖水生植被退化的趋势。应恢复和加强对优质水生植被的保护。促进湖泊生物多样性。恢复其良性生态。     

斯德哥尔摩,人类环保之船从这里启航

1969年。经由瑞典政府提议．联合国大会决定1972年在瑞典首都斯德哥尔摩召开联合国人类环境会议。这是联合国历史上首次以环保为主题的会议．是人类环境意识觉醒的标志．在人类社会发展史上具有里程碑式的意义。1972年6月5日，会议在斯德哥尔摩隆重开幕。133个国家的1300多名代表出席了这次会议。会议通过了《联合国人类环境会议宣言》和《行动计划》。宣告了人类环境新观念的诞生，达成了“只有一个地球”．人类与环境是不可分割的“共同体”的共识。1972年6月5日。全球环境保护的航船从斯德哥尔摩启航。33年过去了，让我们重回斯德哥尔摩，去寻找历史的轨迹．去了解这座环保之都的未来航向。[编者按]     

PHBV表面疏水改性用作吸油材料的研究

利用多种表面改性剂对生物可降解材料PHBV进行了表面改性实验研究，测定了不同改性剂改性后PHBV的吸油率以及温度对其吸油效果的影响，并探讨了改性机理，研究结果表明：不同改性剂对PHBV的改性效果有所差异，从疏水和吸油的共同效果来看，最佳疏水改性剂为添加量5％时的硅油，温度对未改性PHBV和改性PHBV的吸油率及吸油速度均有影响。     

中水回用工程投建与运行实践

沈阳理工大学学生城中水设施的建设，不仅提高了水资源的重复利用率，创造良好的环境效益和经济效益，同时也为中水回用工作的推广实施积累了经验。尤其是采用比较简单的污水处理工艺达到中水回用的标准，其中最主要的部分是沉淀和生物接触氧化以及最后的过滤和消毒，这样的工艺比较适合中等规模的投资，从回用水的经济效益上看这样的中水回用系统还是比较适合推广。     

贵州水城青山铅锌矿床地球化学研究

通过对青山铅锌矿床矿石矿物、蚀变围岩、含矿层、辉绿岩的稀土元素、硫、碳、氧同位素及黔西北岩石地层中铅锌含量的研究，笔者认为，成矿金属并非源于岩浆岩，而源于深部的沉积岩，碳、硫分别源于碳酸盐岩和含矿地层的硫酸盐硫；大气降水经深循环再上升形成成矿介质水。     

地铁环境振动预测方法浅析

简要介绍了国内外关于地铁环境振动预测方法的研究概况,在作者研究分析地铁振动传播途径和主要影响参数基础上,给出了简单定量预测地铁环境振动程度之方法,应用该方法所得到的预测值,与现场实测值误差在±2dB范围内.     

A Simulation of Temporal and Spatial Variations in Carbon at Landscape Level: A Case Study for Lake Abitibi Model Forest in Ontario,Canada

Using a case study of the Lake Abitibi Model Forest (LAMF), this study aims to assess the temporal and spatial variability in carbon storage during 1990–2000, and to present a comprehensive estimation of the carbon budget for LAMF's ecosystems. As well, it provided the information needed by local forest managers to develop ecological and carbon-based indicators and monitor the sustainability of forest ecosystems. Temporal and spatial carbon dynamics were simulated at the landscape level using ecosystem model TRIPLEX1.0 and Geographical Information System (GIS). The simulated net primary productivity (NPP) and carbon storage in forest biomass and soil were compared with field data and results from other studies for Canada's boreal forests. The results show that simulated NPP ranged from 3.26 to 3.34 tC ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ in the 1990s and was consistent with the range measured during the Boreal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Studies (BOREAS) in central Canada. Modeled NPP was also compared with the estimation from remote sensing data. The density of total above-and belowground biomass was 125.3, 111.8, and 106.5 tC ha⁻¹ for black spruce, trembling aspen, and jack pine in the LAMF ecosystem, respectively. The total carbon density of forested land was estimated at 154.4 tC ha⁻¹ with the proportion of 4:6 for total biomass and soil. The analysis of net carbon balance of ecosystem suggested that the LAMF forest ecosystem was acting as a carbon sink with an allowable harvest in the 1990s.