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321.
M. L. Figueiredo A. Monteiro M. Lopes J. Ferreira C. Borrego 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(7):5847-5860
Despite the increasing concern given to air quality in urban and industrial areas in recent years, particular emphasis on regulation, control, and reduction of air pollutant emissions is still necessary to fully characterize the chain emissions–air quality–exposure–dose–health effects, for specific sources. The Estarreja region was selected as a case study because it has one of the largest chemical industrial complexes in Portugal that has been recently expanded, together with a growing urban area with an interesting location in the Portuguese coastland and crossed by important road traffic and rail national networks. This work presents the first air quality assessment for the region concerning pollutant emissions and meteorological and air quality monitoring data analysis, over the period 2000–2009. This assessment also includes a detailed investigation and characterization of past air pollution episodes for the most problematic pollutants: ozone and PM10. The contribution of different emission sources and meteorological conditions to these episodes is investigated. The stagnant meteorological conditions associated with local emissions, namely industrial activity and road traffic, are the major contributors to the air quality degradation over the study region. A set of measures to improve air quality—regarding ozone and PM10 levels—is proposed as an air quality management strategy for the study region. 相似文献
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323.
Maria D. Watt Michael Burlingame Jessica R. Beattie Melissa Koberle Brad Carlson 《补救:环境净化治理成本、技术与工艺杂志》2010,20(4):17-37
Redevelopment and reuse plans are often based upon an expedited delineation and remediation life cycle, since delayed reuse usually has economic consequences. It has also become increasingly important to utilize sustainable practices to achieve investigation and remediation goals. In this article, the Triad approach is used to expedite the delineation of a source area within a municipal landfill to complete the remedial effort prior to construction of an urban civic center. The Triad approach uses the three elements of systematic project planning, dynamic work strategy, and real‐time measurement to expedite site characterization (Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council, 2003). In this article, the Triad sampling strategy consisted of two phases. The first phase included in situ screening of soil and groundwater using the membrane interface probe (MIP), and the second phase included confirmatory sampling via vertical profiles in the soil and groundwater. This study found that, using the MIP in a dynamic sampling strategy, a critical element of the Triad approach, combined with the proper placement of confirmatory samples, significantly reduced overall project cost and will expedite the site redevelopment. The use of the Triad approach also contributed to the integration of green and sustainable practices into the project. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
324.
Mark S. Heaston Leslie L. Hartig Melissa Robinson David S. Woodward 《补救:环境净化治理成本、技术与工艺杂志》2010,20(2):45-59
In January 2005, a gasoline tanker carrying approximately 8,500 gallons of gasohol (gasoline containing 10 percent ethanol) overturned and caught fire in the front yard of a residence. Emergency response crews responded to the accident, extinguished the fire, and recovered residual gasoline on the ground surface. Soil impacted by the release was then removed and disposed of off‐site and free‐phase gasohol was recovered using a combination of vacuum recovery, pumping, and bailing to the extent practicable. Following free product recovery efforts, a feasibility evaluation was completed to select a technology to address the remaining dissolved‐phase contaminants that resulted in biosparging pilot testing and, ultimately, the installation of a full‐scale biosparging system. The full‐scale system has been operating for approximately 21 months, and contaminant concentrations within the heart of the plume have decreased dramatically over a short period of time—in most cases, to below applicable cleanup standards. Despite the complex hydrogeologic conditions and significant initial concentrations, biosparging has proven to be an effective technology to remediate this gasohol release, and it is anticipated that drinking‐water standards can be achieved following two to three years of biosparging (i.e., an additional 3 to 15 months of operations). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
325.
Daiane Tomacheski Michele Pittol Ana Paula Moscardini Lopes Douglas Naue Simões Vanda Ferreira Ribeiro Ruth Marlene Campomanes Santana 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2018,26(1):73-82
The incorporation of antimicrobial metals such as silver is an alternative to protect the material against microbial attack. However, loaded polymer can lose its antimicrobial properties after some time of use, and the additive may even leak out into the environment becoming harmful to non-target organisms. This study aims to evaluate the mechanical properties and antimicrobial activity of silver containing thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) samples exposed to weathering and the influence of additive incorporation in material biodegradation in the soil. For this purpose, silver ions (Ag+_bentonite, Ag+_phosphate) and silver nanoparticles (AgNp_silica) based additives were blended in a formulation of SEBS, polypropylene and mineral oil. The test samples were exposed to natural ageing over nine months, and were then evaluated according to their mechanical properties, antimicrobial activity, and degree of crystallinity and surface characteristics. The biodegradation process before and after natural ageing was evaluated through the generation of carbon dioxide. The results show that the action of natural ageing reduced the mechanical properties of loaded and unloaded TPE, and modified the degree of crystallinity and the chemical characteristic of the TPE surface. The presence or type of additive did not influence material resistance after being exposed to weathering. A decrease in antimicrobial activity in samples after natural ageing was observed. At a variable level and according to the chemical content, generation of carbon dioxide from TPE samples was greater in aged samples than in unexposed ones. 相似文献
326.
Peta Ashworth Naomi Boughen Melissa Mayhew Frances Millar 《International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control》2010,4(2):426-433
With rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), a portfolio of mitigation options is deemed essential as we transition to a low carbon economy. Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) is one technology that has the potential to mitigate large amounts of CO2 and governments around the world, along with industry and researchers working in the technology space, are excited by this. However, the technology still remains relatively unknown in the minds of most lay citizens and is therefore less well accepted than more traditional forms of power generation. This paper reviews a number of CCS communication research activities that have been undertaken internationally since 2002 and synthesizes them into a logical roadmap of activities. The paper also examines the common strengths and weaknesses of the research activities and makes a number of suggestions for industry representatives and policy makers. The paper also outlines a way to segment stakeholder groups for all communication activities into four target audiences including: influential others; community; education and project specific activities. 相似文献
327.
Protected area management involves balancing environmental and social objectives. This is particularly difficult at high-use/high-impact
recreation sites, because resource protection objectives may require substantial site management or visitor regulation. This
study examined visitors’ reactions to both of these types of actions at Annapolis Rocks, Maryland, a popular Appalachian Trail
camping area. We surveyed visitors before and after implementation of camping policies that included shifting camping to designated
newly constructed campsites and prohibiting campfires. Survey results reveal that visitors were more satisfied with all social
and environmental indicators after the changes were enacted. An Importance-Performance analysis also determined that management
actions improved conditions for factors of greatest concern to campers prior to the changes. Posttreatment visitors were least
satisfied with factors related to reduced freedom and to some characteristics of the constructed campsites. Although there
was evidence of visitor displacement, the camping changes met management goals by protecting the camping area’s natural resources
and improving social conditions. 相似文献
328.
Afonso Tiago Lopes Marques António Cardoso Fuinhas José Alberto 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(9):13569-13589
Environment, Development and Sustainability - An energy transition is currently underway around the world, in response to the objectives laid out by international agreements. Since the Kyoto... 相似文献
329.
330.
Carl Lenker Melissa Harclerode Keith Aragona Angela Fisher Jeramy Jasmann Paul W. Hadley 《补救:环境净化治理成本、技术与工艺杂志》2014,24(2):11-27
Groundwater remediation projects generally involve extraction and treatment of contaminated groundwater. The current state of the practice does not include an emphasis on conservation and reuse of groundwater. Consequently treated groundwater is typically disposed in sanitary or storm sewers. Longstanding water conservation and reuse practices in the municipal wastewater industry provide a body of experience available to the remediation industry. Case studies of conservation and reuse options for groundwater at remediation sites have been found across a broad range of geographic settings and regulatory jurisdictions. The intent of this article is to stimulate a more holistic view of the groundwater associated with remediation projects and to promote conservation and beneficial reuse of a vital natural resource. © 2014 US Sustainable Remediation Forum 相似文献