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Hu Mengmeng Wang Yafei Xia Beicheng Huang Guohe 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(30):37614-37625
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The characteristics of land use/land cover (LULC) types may affect the thermal environment of urban zones. In this study, the urban zones of the Pearl... 相似文献
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de Boer WF Cao L Barter M Wang X Sun M van Oeveren H de Leeuw J Barzen J Prins HH 《Ambio》2011,40(1):68-77
We compared the European and eastern Chinese waterbird assemblages and checked whether the effects of human disturbance could
be detected in the assemblages’ composition. For the different Chinese provinces, we expected to find a negative effect of
economic development on the mean bird species mass and on the proportion of bentivorous, piscivorous and insectivorous bird
species. We also expected to find relatively fewer large species in the Chinese assemblage. Species rank–abundance curves
were relatively similar, but China had significantly more species with smaller body masses. The China assemblage was characterized
by relatively higher abundance of heavy-bodied species, contrary to our expectations. Mean bird body mass decreased in China
with increasing disturbance and increasing gross domestic product (GDP). For coastal provinces in China the percentage of
bentivorous, piscivorous and insectivorous bird species declined with increasing GDP, maybe through the increased use of pesticides
or fertilizer. 相似文献
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采用半静态毒性实验方法,将菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)分别暴露于0.2、2、20μg·L-1的全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoic acid,PFOA)中,在处理后第1、3、6、10、15、21天分别取样,测定整体组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)、7-乙氧基异吩噁唑酮脱乙基酶(EROD)活性和过氧化脂质(LPO)含量。酶活性分析结果显示:PFOA对菲律宾蛤仔组织SOD、CAT和POD活性均呈现先促进后抑制的作用;低浓度组SOD活性在暴露第1天达到最高,显著高于对照组(P<0.01);中高浓度组SOD活性在暴露第6天达到最低;暴露1~15 d,低浓度组CAT活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);高浓度组CAT活性在暴露第6天得到显著诱导,其余时间基本处于抑制状态;中浓度组POD活性在暴露第3天即达到最高,高浓度组POD活性基本一直处于抑制状态;随着PFOA暴露时间的延长,菲律宾蛤仔组织LPO含量呈现了先降低后升高的趋势;各浓度组中EROD的活力都显著被诱导(P<0.01),与处理浓度呈正相关;中高浓度组的GST活性在胁迫期间变化比较显著,呈现诱导-抑制的变化规律。研究表明,PFOA暴露能够引起菲律宾蛤仔组织抗氧化酶和生物转化酶的变化,可以与其他敏感性指标一起作为指示早期海洋PFOA污染的生物标志物。 相似文献
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Di Meng Mengmeng Guo Gang Han 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2017,52(9):690-698
In this study, investigation was conducted into concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in Chinese farmed Trachinotus ovatus between 2014 and 2015 using a modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) and ultra fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-MS/MS) method. The tissue distribution (muscle, skin, liver, kidney and gill) in Trachinotus ovatus was also assessed. The detection frequencies of PFOS and PFOA in fish were 92% and 3%, respectively, and the mean concentrations were 0.392 and 0.015 μg/kg wet weight. The analysis of PFOS distribution in different tissues in Trachinotus ovatus showed the following trend: skin> gill> kidney> liver> flesh. Results revealeded farmed Trachinotus ovatus in China to generally be contaminated with PFOS. Moreover, the average daily intake for Chinese urban residents calculated on the basis of pollution content was 0.268 ng/kg body weight/d (PFOS) and 0.014 ng/kg body weight /d (PFOA), respectively. Both hazard ratio values were less than 1, indicating that exposure levels of PFOS and PFOA through Trachinotus ovatus consumption may not lead to adverse health effects in the Chinese population. 相似文献
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欧洲国家对游泳场水质的管理由来已久,管理经验丰富,而我国对游泳场水质的管理刚刚起步,仍然存在很多不足。针对目前我国由于监督管理以及某些地区的经营不善出现的一系列游泳场水质问题,本文介绍了欧盟成员国的游泳场水质质量监测管理现状,分别从游泳场水质管理立法、游泳场水质监测方法、游泳场水质评估和等级划分,以及欧盟国家游泳场未来发展趋势等方面,对欧盟国家游泳场水质管理的发展情况进行了分析总结。借鉴欧盟发达国家游泳场的水质管理经验对我国游泳场水质进行监测和管理非常重要,最后提出完善我国游泳场水质管理的一些建议,如建立游泳场水质监测日志,制作游泳场水质信息系统,加强游泳场水质监测技术研究等。希望借助欧盟国家的游泳场管理经验,促进我国游泳场水质管理的进一步发展和完善。 相似文献
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空气净化器检测用环境试验舱研制及性能评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研制一种大型环境试验舱,该舱整体构造主要由内舱、外舱、空气净化系统、污染源发生装置和空气采样系统组成。其中,内舱为测试舱主体部分,体积为30 m3。对舱的性能进行评价测试,结果表明:温度和相对湿度的偏差分别为δT≤2.5℃和δRH≤5%;环境舱内外压差在0~5 Pa时,舱体泄漏量为0.03~1.02 m3/h;清洗后,舱内单项污染物本底浓度小于20μg/m3,总挥发性有机物(TVOC)小于90μg/m3;以质量分数为37%的甲醛溶液作代表性污染物,4种投放量下回收率分别为86.6%、83.4%、82.9%和81.5%;舱内温度为21℃,相对湿度为40%时,甲醛、苯、甲苯等3种污染物自衰减分别为6.7%、8.9%和4.7%。实验结果表明该试验舱应用性能良好,可用于检测空气净化器性能及净化效率。 相似文献
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A rapid, simple, and selective analytical method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of florasulam, fluroxypyr, and fluroxypyr-meptyl in corn grain, plant, and soil using the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) procedure coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The method gave mean recoveries in the range of 80%–108%, with limits of quantification ranging from 2 to 10 µg kg?1. The half-lives of the three compounds were 1.3–1.3, 0.7–1.3, and 0.7–1.3 days in plants, and 1.1–2.1, 0.4–1.3, and 0.4–1.3 days in soil. The terminal residues in all the matrices were found to be less than the limits of quantification at the pre-harvest intervals of 53 and 78 days. These results not only gave insights about the analytes but also contributed to the safe use of the broad-spectrum herbicides and a reference for establishing the maximum residue limit of florasulam in corn in China. 相似文献
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Lou Mengmeng Liu Shuai Gu Chunjie Hu Huimin Tang Zhengkun Zhang Yaopeng Xu Chenye Li Fang 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(3):2509-2521
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The aerosols harboring microorganisms and viruses released from the wastewater system into the air have greatly threatened the health and safety of... 相似文献