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排序方式: 共有395条查询结果,搜索用时 390 毫秒
171.
Catherine Reid Valérie Bécaert Michel Aubertin Ralph K. Rosenbaum Louise Deschênes 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2009,17(4):471-479
The effective management of mine tailings involves the control of several environmental impacts and legal requirements. Six tailings site management and closure scenarios were developed for a copper zinc underground mine located in Quebec (Canada) and compared using life cycle assessment (LCA). Two options are considered for the mine operation: tailings can be sent to the tailings disposal area where they are submerged or they can be partly used for backfilling. For each of these two operation options, three alternatives are presented for mine closure: (a) submerged tailings, (b) partial desulphurization with a cover of desulphurized material and (c) a cover with capillary barrier effects (CCBE) made of natural soils followed by revegetation. The goals of the study were to draw the inventory of these management scenarios from the development to the post-closure phase, to assess and compare their environmental impacts and to determine the importance of the land-use impact category. The potential impacts for each scenario were evaluated using the IMPACT 2002+ LCIA method. The results of the performed LCA indicate that for mine development and operation, scenarios where tailings are partly used as backfill for underground stopes appear to lead to larger impacts in 11 of the 14 midpoint categories since the backfill plant operation consumes a greater amount of material and energy. For a site closure period of 2 years, the CCBE option creates the greatest impacts, since it requires much more effort than the other techniques. The results for the post-closure phase have been analysed separately since they have a larger uncertainty. They appear to modify the comparative assessment results. The various results presented in the paper show the importance of taking land-use impacts into account. 相似文献
172.
Including adaptation costs and climate change damages in evaluating post-2012 burden-sharing regimes
Andries F. Hof Michel G. J. den Elzen Detlef P. van Vuuren 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2010,15(1):19-40
Many studies have been published to evaluate the consequences of different post-2012 emission allocation regimes on regional
mitigation costs. This paper goes one step further and evaluates not only mitigation costs, but also adaptation costs and
climate change damages. Three post-2012 emission allocation regimes (Contraction & Convergence, Multistage and Common but
differentiated convergence) and two climate targets (2°C and 3°C above the pre-industrial level) are considered. This explorative
analysis shows that including these other cost categories could lead to different perspectives on the outcomes of allocation
regimes. Up to 2050, the poorest regions have negative mitigation costs under all allocation regimes considered, as they benefit
from emission trading. However, these regions also suffer from the most severe climate impacts. As such, the financial flows
due to emission trading from developed to developing countries created under these allocation regimes could also be interpreted
as compensation of climate change damages and adaptation costs. In the longer run, the sum of climate change damages, adaptation
costs and mitigation costs are the highest in the poorest regions of Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, for both climate targets
and practically all emission allocation regimes. 相似文献
173.
Significance of Bottom-Fishing Disturbance 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Michel J. Kaiser 《Conservation biology》1998,12(6):1230-1235
174.
Emilie Farcy Thierry Burgeot Hansy Haberkorn Michel Auffret Laurent Lagadic Jean-Pierre Allenou Hélène Budzinski Nicolas Mazzella Romain Pete Micheline Heydorff Dominique Menard Florence Mondeguer Thierry Caquet 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(2):630-650
Estuarine areas represent complex and highly changing environments at the interface between freshwater and marine aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, the aquatic organisms living in estuaries have to face highly variable environmental conditions. The aim of this work was to study the influence of environmental changes from either natural or anthropogenic origins on the physiological responses of Mytilus edulis. Mussels were collected in the Vilaine estuary during early summer because this season represents a critical period of active reproduction in mussels and of increased anthropogenic inputs from agricultural and boating activities into the estuary. The physiological status of the mussel M. edulis was evaluated through measurements of a suite of biomarkers related to: oxidative stress (catalase, malondialdehyde), detoxication (benzopyrene hydroxylase, carboxylesterase), neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase), reproductive cycle (vitelline, condition index, maturation stages), immunotoxicity (hemocyte concentration, granulocyte percentage, phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species production, oxidative burst), and general physiological stress (lysosomal stability). A selection of relevant organic contaminant (pesticides, (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorobiphenyls) was measured as well as environmental parameters (water temperature, salinity, total suspended solids, turbidity, chlorophyll a, pheopigments) and mussel phycotoxin contamination. Two locations differently exposed to the plume of the Vilaine River were compared. Both temporal and inter-site variations of these biomarkers were studied. Our results show that reproduction cycle and environmental parameters such as temperature, organic ontaminants, and algal blooms could strongly influence the biomarker responses. These observations highlight the necessity to conduct integrated environmental approaches in order to better understand the causes of biomarker variations. 相似文献
175.
Michel Dedual 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(3):227-231
Some recent experiments have shown with autoradiographic methods the axonal transport of cadmium along the olfactory nerve of the salmon trout.2 We should determine in our experiments the effect of cadmium upon the olfactory nerve at histological level using optical microscopy technics. 相似文献
176.
Saida Barnat Michel Boisset Francine Casse Michel Catteau Jean-Michel Lecerf Daniel Veschambre 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):102-107
The increase of fresh vegetable and fruit (FVF) intake could contribute to the prevention of obesity and several major pathologies and thus represents a major public health goal in industrial countries. Nutritional recommendations for increased consumption of FVF could lead to ingestion of unwanted amounts of pesticides. This study was undertaken to evaluate theoretical exposure of French adults to pesticide residues under increasing amounts of FVF intake. Balanced menus with 200 – 400 – 600 – 800 and 1200 g FVF/day were established. Amounts of active substances brought by every FVF vector, at the maximum residue level (MRL) were summed up to determine the intake for each active substance. Values were compared to the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) to point out any potential over exposure. A maximalistic approach was adopted and no reducing factor due to processing was taken into account. It was found that under minimal recommended consumption of fruit and vegetables (400 g/d), no active substance reached the ADI, but 18 vs 144 were over 10% of the ADI. Raising FVF to 600 g/d increased the number of active substances over 10 % of the ADI to 24, but again in no case was the ADI exceeded. Doubling the intake to 800 g/d gives values over the ADI for 2 active substances only (cyhexatin and thirame). It was concluded that the increase in fruit and vegetables up to 800 g per day should not expose adults over the ADIs for a majority of authorized pesticides. In this regard, residues levels of ten active substances in fruit and vegetables should deserve particular attention. 相似文献
177.
Ecological theory predicts that low productivity systems should have low biodiversity. However, despite the oligotrophic status
of the Gulf of Aqaba (Northern Red Sea) ciliate species richness was unexpectedly high. In addition, phytoplankton, as main
ciliate prey, was made up by only few genera, indicating a significant niche overlap among the grazers. Up to 97% of the ciliates
were from the same taxonomic group and of the same size range, implying very similar food niches. Ciliate diversity was highest
at times of lowest chlorophyll concentrations, during the period of stable abiotic conditions, but relatively high genetic
diversity within the ciliate prey, notably among the cyanobacteria Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus. In the absence of disturbance and with little predation pressure, the alternate explanations for the observed ciliate diversity
are either very fine niche partitioning by the ciliates, or their competitive equivalence resulting in a random assortment
of species immigrating from a larger metacommunity, in accordance with Hubbell’s, (The unified neutral theory of biodiversity
and biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2001) neutral model. While the use of species abundance distributions (SAD’s) is far from definitive, the theoretical SAD’s that
best fit the Gulf of Aqaba ciliate data was most often not that expected by neutral theory. 相似文献
178.
Di Lodovico Eliana Marchand Lilian Oustrière Nadège Burges Aritz Capdeville Gaelle Burlett Régis Delzon Sylvain Isaure Marie-Pierre Marmiroli Marta Mench Michel J. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(20):29314-29331
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The ability of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Badischer Geudertheimer) for phytomanaging and remediating soil ecological functions at a... 相似文献
179.
Dollinger Jeanne Bourdat-Deschamps Marjolaine Pot Valérie Serre Valentin Bernet Nathalie Deslarue Ghislaine Montes Mélanie Capowiez Line Michel Eric 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(14):20098-20111
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Organic waste (OW) reuse in agriculture is a common practice fostered by benefits in terms of waste recycling and crop production. However, OW... 相似文献
180.
Sedimentary hydrocarbons have been studied quantitatively and qualitatively in 16 stations of the Bay of Fort de France (Martinique). Hydrocarbon levels ranged from 54 to 1045 mg kg(-1) sed. dry weight. Origin of hydrocarbons are multiple: biogenic (terrestrial inputs), pyrolytic (residues of natural or anthropogenic combustions), diagenetic and anthropogenic (petroleum contamination). Generally high levels of hydrocarbons are not associated to a petroleum contamination. The main source of hydrocarbons in the mangrove coastal zones of the Bay of Fort de France seems to be the early diagenetic degradation products of 3-oxytriterpenoids. Excepted two stations, petroleum contamination is very low or absent. 相似文献