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31.
    
● Metabolomic temporal profiling of cells exposed to xenobiotics. ● Global metabolome dysregulation patterns with time-resolved landscapes. ● Synchronized regulation behavior and specific dysregulation sensitivity. ● Temporal metabolic adaptions indicated cellular emphasis transition. The biochemical consequences induced by xenobiotic stress are featured in dose-response and time-resolved landscapes. Understanding the dynamic process of cellular adaptations is crucial in conducting the risk assessment for chemical exposure. As one of the most phenotype-related omics, metabolome in response to environmental stress can vary from seconds to days. Up to now, very few dynamic metabolomics studies have been conducted to provide time-dependent mechanistic interpretations in understanding xenobiotics-induced cellular adaptations. This study aims to explore the time-resolved metabolite dysregulation manner and dynamically perturbed biological functions in MCF-7 cells exposed to bisphenol A (BPA), a well-known endocrine-disrupting chemical. By sampling at 11 time points from several minutes to hours, thirty seven significantly dysregulated metabolites were identified, ranging from amino acids, fatty acids, carboxylic acids and nucleoside phosphate compounds. The metabolites in different pathways basically showed distinct time-resolved changing patterns, while those within the common class or same pathways showed similar and synchronized dysregulation behaviors. The pathway enrichment analysis suggested that purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis as well as glutamine/glutamate (GABA) metabolism pathways were heavily disturbed. As exposure event continued, MCF-7 cells went through multiple sequential metabolic adaptations from cell proliferation to energy metabolism, which indicated an enhancing cellular requirement for elevated energy homeostasis, oxidative stress response and ER-α mediated cell growth. We further focused on the time-dependent metabolite dysregulation behavior in purine and pyrimidine metabolism, and identified the impaired glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation by redox imbalance. Lastly, we established a restricted cubic spline-based model to fit and predict metabolite’s full range dysregulation cartography, with metabolite’ sensitivity comparisons retrieved and novel biomarkers suggested. Overall, the results indicated that 8 h BPA exposure leaded to global dynamic metabolome adaptions including amino acid, nucleoside and sugar metabolism disorders, and the dysregulated metabolites with interfered pathways at different stages are of significant temporal distinctions.  相似文献   
32.
贵州西部4种林型土壤有机碳及其剖面分布特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在气候变化背景下,森林土壤碳库已成为全球碳循环研究重点之一。以贵州西部桦木(Betula luminifera H.Wilk.)、柳杉(Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibrenk ex Otto et Dietr.)、华山松(Pinus armandii Franch.)和杉木(Cunninghamia lanceilata(Lamb.)Hook.)4种主要森林类型为对象,对其土壤有机碳、碳密度及其垂直分配特征等进行了研究。结果表明:4种林型土壤有机碳含量和碳密度均表现为华山松林(51.09 g.kg-1,30.56 kg.m-2)〉杉木林(39.47 g.kg-1,22.97 kg.m-2)〉柳杉林(37.49g.kg-1,21.00 kg.m-2)〉桦木林(36.31 g.kg-1,20.13 kg.m-2),华山松林土壤有机碳含量和碳密度显著大于其它三种林型,而另外三种林型间差异不明显;4种林型土壤有机碳含量和碳密度均随土层深度增加而逐渐降低,土壤有机碳含量均为0-10 cm最大,分别是剖面均值的1.45-1.61倍,而0-20 cm层土壤碳密度占整个土壤剖面的32.69%-38.08%,显著高于其他各层,大于20 cm的土层中,各层间的变化较小,土壤碳密度具有一定程度的表聚性;4种林型土壤有机碳含量与土壤pH均表现极强的负相关,与土壤全N和碱解N均表现极强的正相关,与全P、速效P、全K、速效K和阳离子交换量的相关性不尽一致,建立的方程具有较高的回归精度,土壤N和P状况对4种林型土壤有机碳含量有重要影响。  相似文献   
33.
运用海藻酸钠添加硅藻精土的方法,将低温13~14℃下驯化的硝化污泥制成的包埋固定化微生物凝胶小球,投入简易SBR反应器中,通过平行试验比较了低温条件下同等污泥浓度的普通SBR反应器(N1)与投加了少量固定化小球的SBR反应器(N2)的氨氮去除效果。研究结果表明,在相同的运行条件下,投加了5g固定化小球的N2反应器的氨氮去除率较N1反应器平均提高了12%以上,而投加了10g固定化小球的N2反应器的氨氮去除率进一步提高,氨氮去除率较N1反应器提高了20%。实验中通过改变进水氨氮浓度,证明添加了小球的SBR工艺对较高浓度的氨氮有较强的适应性。  相似文献   
34.
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - In this study, the nanohybrid drug carrier were synthesized by Pickering emulsion-templated encapsulation (PETE) method to control the...  相似文献   
35.
采用电絮凝技术处理粉煤加压气化航天炉装置产生的灰水。中试结果显示:灰水经电絮凝一体化装置处理后,出水中总钙和总镁的平均值分别降至180 mg/L和11.1 mg/L,有效抑制了结垢的发生;相对于单一氢氧化钠,碳酸钠和氢氧化钠共同作用的处理效果更好。工业化应用结果表明,电絮凝一体化装置对灰水的总硬度、浊度和悬浮物均有较好的去除效果,其平均去除率分别为32.5%、66.7%和73.0%。采用该技术处理煤气化灰水具有较强的经济性。  相似文献   
36.
强磁粉协同作用预处理垃圾渗滤液   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究了强磁粉(Fe3O4)与无机混凝剂Al2(SO4)3在垃圾渗滤液处理中的协同作用。结果表明:Fe3O4与Al2(SO4)3复合使用混凝效果优于单纯使用Al2(SO4)3的混凝效果。当Al2(SO4)32.0g/L,磁粉(Fe3O4)1.6g/L,搅拌强度150r/min,pH值3.0,沉降时间5min时,可使渗滤液的COD去除率达70%,混凝时的胶粒沉降速率明显加快。  相似文献   
37.
FDOM(荧光有机物)在线荧光探头是采用激发波长370 nm和发射波长460 nm下荧光强度来计算水体CDOM(有色可溶性有机物)丰度的传感器,为探究该传感器在内陆水体水质监测中的应用和适用性,以水源供给水库千岛湖为案例,通过FDOM荧光探头监测该湖泊不同季节CDOM丰度,结合CDOM光谱吸收、ρ(DOC)(DOC表示溶解性有机碳)、ρ(TN)、ρ(TP)、ρ(CODMn)、ρ(DTN)(DTN表示溶解性总氮)、ρ(DTP)(DTP表示溶解性总磷)和ρ(Chla)等水质参数数据,揭示FDOM荧光强度与其他水质参数的耦合关系,检验FDOM荧光探头对有机物的监测能力.结果表明:①2014年5月千岛湖TLI平均值(38.4±4.4)显著高于2018年10月TLI平均值34.9±3.0(t-test,P < 0.001),根据TLI及各水质参数平均值判定该湖处于中贫营养状态.②大部分水质参数呈现出由西北入湖河口向下游大坝出水口方向递减的趋势,表明上游新安江对该湖有机物具有较大的贡献.③FDOM荧光强度与CDOM吸收系数a(254)(R2=0.91,P < 0.01)、a(350)(R2=0.90,P < 0.01)均呈极显著正相关且具有较高的线性拟合优度,这意味着FDOM荧光强度可以很好地表征CDOM丰度.④FDOM荧光强度与ρ(DOC)(R2=0.49,P < 0.01)、ρ(TN)(R2=0.61,P < 0.01)、ρ(TP)(R2=0.75,P < 0.01)、ρ(CODMn)(R2=0.35,P < 0.01)、ρ(DTN)(R2=0.59,P < 0.01)、ρ(DTP)(R2=0.56,P < 0.01)、ρ(Chla)(R2=0.68,P < 0.01)均呈极显著正相关且与大多数水质参数具有相似的分布特征,并且能很好地识别潜在污染物高值区.研究显示,荧光探头在可见波长下所得陆源类腐殖酸FDOM荧光强度能很好地成为潜在污染物替代指标,并能有效呈现有机物分布特征,因而该技术在饮用水湖泊水质监测中具有潜在广阔的应用前景.   相似文献   
38.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are crucial to control air pollution in major Chinese cities since VOCs are the dominant factor influencing ambient ozone level, and also an important precursor of secondary organic aerosols. Vehicular evaporative emissions have become a major and growing source of VOC emissions in China. This study consists of lab tests, technology evaluation, emissions modeling, policy projections and cost-benefit analysis to draw a roadmap for China for controlling vehicular evaporative emissions. The analysis suggests that evaporative VOC emissions from China's light-duty gasoline vehicles were approximately 185,000 ton in 2010 and would peak at 1,200,000 ton in 2040 without control. The current control strategy implemented in China, as shown in business as usual (BAU) scenario, will barely reduce the long-term growth in emissions. Even if Stage II gasoline station vapor control policies were extended national wide (BAU + extended Stage II), there would still be over 400,000 ton fuel loss in 2050. In contrast, the implementation of on-board refueling vapor recovery (ORVR) on new cars could reduce 97.5% of evaporative VOCs by 2050 (BAU + ORVR/BAU + delayed ORVR). According to the results, a combined Stage II and ORVR program is a comprehensive solution that provides both short-term and long-term benefits. The net cost to achieve the optimal total evaporative VOC control is approximately 62 billion CNY in 2025 and 149 billion CNY in 2050.  相似文献   
39.
当前,科学技术以前所未有的速度迅猛发展,提高了人类改造自然的能力,给人类社会带来空前繁荣,与此同时,生态和资源也出现了严重的危机。发展循环经济,建设资源节约型和环境友好型社会,促进再生资源产业化发展,已势在必行。再生资源回收利用已成为资源节约与综合利用、防止二次污染和循环经济的重要组成部分,受到了国内外政府的空前重视。再生资源从业人员职业技能培训工作也愈发突显其重要作用,通过行业培训,从业人员对再生资源有了一个崭新的认识,提高了业务知识、技能水平和对政策法规的坪解.  相似文献   
40.
    
The North American east coast (NAEC) region experienced significant climate and land‐use changes in the past century. To explore how these changes have affected land water cycling, the Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model (DLEM 2.0) was used to investigate the spatial and temporal variability of runoff and river discharge during 1901‐2010 in the study area. Annual runoff over the NAEC was 420 ± 61 mm/yr (average ± standard deviation). Runoff increased in parts of the northern NAEC but decreased in some areas of the southern NAEC. Annual freshwater discharge from the study area was 378 ± 61 km3/yr (average ± standard deviation). Factorial simulation experiments suggested that climate change and variability explained 97.5% of the interannual variability of runoff and also resulted in the opposite changes in runoff in northern and southern regions of the NAEC. Land‐use change reduced runoff by 5‐22 mm/yr from 1931 to 2010, but the impacts were divergent over the Piedmont region and Coastal Plain areas of the southern NAEC. Land‐use change impacts were more significant at local and watershed spatial scales rather than at regional scales. Different responses of runoff to changing climate and land‐use should be noted in future water resource management. Hydrological impacts of afforestation and deforestation as well as urbanization should also be noted by land‐use policy makers.  相似文献   
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