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排序方式: 共有78条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Haoduo Zhao Min Liu Junjie Yang Yuyang Chen Mingliang Fang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(1):4
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Ge Mingliang Li Xinxiang Li Yueying Jahangir Alam S. M. Gui Yuee Huang Yongchao Cao Luoxiang Liang Guodong Hu Guoqing 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2022,30(9):3890-3900
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - In this study, the nanohybrid drug carrier were synthesized by Pickering emulsion-templated encapsulation (PETE) method to control the... 相似文献
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贵州西部4种林型土壤有机碳及其剖面分布特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在气候变化背景下,森林土壤碳库已成为全球碳循环研究重点之一。以贵州西部桦木(Betula luminifera H.Wilk.)、柳杉(Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibrenk ex Otto et Dietr.)、华山松(Pinus armandii Franch.)和杉木(Cunninghamia lanceilata(Lamb.)Hook.)4种主要森林类型为对象,对其土壤有机碳、碳密度及其垂直分配特征等进行了研究。结果表明:4种林型土壤有机碳含量和碳密度均表现为华山松林(51.09 g.kg-1,30.56 kg.m-2)〉杉木林(39.47 g.kg-1,22.97 kg.m-2)〉柳杉林(37.49g.kg-1,21.00 kg.m-2)〉桦木林(36.31 g.kg-1,20.13 kg.m-2),华山松林土壤有机碳含量和碳密度显著大于其它三种林型,而另外三种林型间差异不明显;4种林型土壤有机碳含量和碳密度均随土层深度增加而逐渐降低,土壤有机碳含量均为0-10 cm最大,分别是剖面均值的1.45-1.61倍,而0-20 cm层土壤碳密度占整个土壤剖面的32.69%-38.08%,显著高于其他各层,大于20 cm的土层中,各层间的变化较小,土壤碳密度具有一定程度的表聚性;4种林型土壤有机碳含量与土壤pH均表现极强的负相关,与土壤全N和碱解N均表现极强的正相关,与全P、速效P、全K、速效K和阳离子交换量的相关性不尽一致,建立的方程具有较高的回归精度,土壤N和P状况对4种林型土壤有机碳含量有重要影响。 相似文献
35.
Effect of nitrogen deposition on China's terrestrial carbon uptake in the context of multifactor environmental changes 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
The amount of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposited on the land surface has increased globally and by nearly five times in China from 1901 to 2005. Little is known about how elevated reactive N input has affected the carbon (C) sequestration capability of China's terrestrial ecosystems, largely due to the lack of reliable data on N deposition. Here we have used a newly developed data set of historical N deposition at a spatial resolution of 10 km x 10 km in combination with other gridded historical information on climate, atmospheric composition, land use, and land management practices to drive a process-based ecosystem model, the dynamic land ecosystem model (DLEM) for examining how increasing N deposition and its interactions with other environmental changes have affected C fluxes and storage in China's terrestrial ecosystems during 1901-2005. Our model simulations indicate that increased N deposition has resulted in a net C sink of 62 Tg C/yr (1 Tg = 1012 g) in China's terrestrial ecosystems, totaling up to 6.51 Pg C (1 Pg = 10(15) g) in the past 105 years. During the study period, the N-induced C sequestration can compensate for more than 25% of fossil-fuel CO2 emission from China. The largest C sink was found in southeast China, a region that experienced the most significant increase of N deposition in the period 1901-2005. However, the net primary productivity induced by per-unit N deposition (referred to as ecosystem N use efficiency, ENUE, in this paper) has leveled off or declined since the 1980s. This indicates that part of the deposited N may not be invested to stimulate plant growth, but instead leave the ecosystem by various pathways. Except shrubland and northwest/southwest China, signs of N saturation are apparent in the rest major biome types and regions, with ENUE peaking in the 1980s and leveling off or declining thereafter. Therefore, to minimize the excessive N pollution while keeping the N-stimulated C uptake in China's terrestrial ecosystems, optimized management practices should be taken to increase N use efficiency rather than to keep raising N input level in the near future. 相似文献
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本研究采用二氯甲烷分步萃取,硅胶柱净化和预分离、高效液相色谱结合薄层色谱的定性方法,从不同时期采集的城市污水处理厂二级出水中分离鉴定出七种染料,并对鉴定出的染料进行了定量分析。 相似文献
38.
Yan Ding Han Jiang Hefeng Zhang Mingliang Fu Zhihui Huang Hong Ni Hang Yin 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,123(1):460-475
In recent years, great efforts have been devoted to reducing emissions from mobile sources with the dramatic growth of motor vehicle and nonroad mobile source populations. Compilation of a mobile source emission inventory is conducive to the analysis of pollution emission characteristics and the formulation of emission reduction policies. This study summarizes the latest compilation approaches and data acquisition methods for mobile source emission inventories. For motor vehicles, a high-resolution emission inventory can be developed based on a bottom-up approach with a refined traffic flow model and real-world speed-coupled emission factors. The top-down approach has advantages when dealing with macroscale vehicle emission estimation without substantial traffic flow infrastructure. For nonroad mobile sources, nonroad machinery, inland river ships, locomotives, and civil aviation aircraft, a top-down approach based on fuel consumption or power is adopted. For ocean-going ships, a bottom-up approach based on automatic identification system (AIS) data is adopted. Three typical cases are studied, including emission reduction potential, a cost-benefit model, and marine shipping emission control. Outlooks and suggestions are given on future research directions for emission inventories for mobile sources: building localized emission models and factor databases, improving the dynamic updating capability of emission inventories, establishing a database of emission factors of unconventional pollutants and greenhouse gas from mobile sources, and establishing an urban high temporal-spatial resolution volatile organic compound (VOC) evaporation emission inventory. 相似文献
39.
快速城镇化会加剧地表水体氮磷营养盐的富集,引起水体富营养化问题. 研究城镇分布对河流与湖库氮磷污染特征的影响,分析其污染热点与来源具有重要意义. 于2020年7月—2021年7月调查了新安江水系及千岛湖水体氮磷污染的时空变化特征,分析了水质与土地利用类型的关系,揭示了千岛湖水体氮磷污染的来源. 结果表明:①时间上,新安江水系氮磷浓度季节性变化差异明显. TN浓度表现为冬季枯水期〔(1.96±1.24) mg/L〕>主汛期〔(1.63±0.71) mg/L〕>春汛期〔(1.42±0.49) mg/L〕,TP浓度表现为主汛期〔(0.101±0.049) mg/L〕>冬季枯水期〔(0.067±0.068) mg/L〕>春汛期〔(0.06±0.033) mg/L〕,汛期氮、磷浓度分别是非汛期的1.6和2.4倍. ②空间上,城镇污染对水体营养盐浓度影响显著. 水体流经人口集中、城镇化程度高的屯溪区后,TN、TP、NH4+-N浓度平均增幅分别为86.1%、77.7%和164.4%,干流水体受纳歙县城镇三大支流来水后,TN、TP浓度平均增幅分别为47.6%、70.3%. ③ Spearman相关分析结果表明,5 km缓冲区耕地和建筑用地面积占比与氮磷营养盐各形态浓度之间均存在显著正相关关系,其中建筑用地面积占比对NH4+-N浓度影响较大(R=0.323,P<0.001),耕地面积占比对NO3?-N影响相对较大(R=0.265,P<0.05). 研究显示,城镇面源污染是新安江水系氮磷污染的主要来源,降雨径流是水体磷富集的主要驱动力,枯水期城镇污染对水体氮浓度的影响较大,在千岛湖营养盐控制中应尤为关注上游城镇污染管控. 相似文献
40.
Hydrological Responses to Climate and Land‐Use Changes along the North American East Coast: A 110‐Year Historical Reconstruction 下载免费PDF全文
Qichun Yang Hanqin Tian Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs Mingliang Liu Xia Li Jia Yang 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2015,51(1):47-67
The North American east coast (NAEC) region experienced significant climate and land‐use changes in the past century. To explore how these changes have affected land water cycling, the Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model (DLEM 2.0) was used to investigate the spatial and temporal variability of runoff and river discharge during 1901‐2010 in the study area. Annual runoff over the NAEC was 420 ± 61 mm/yr (average ± standard deviation). Runoff increased in parts of the northern NAEC but decreased in some areas of the southern NAEC. Annual freshwater discharge from the study area was 378 ± 61 km3/yr (average ± standard deviation). Factorial simulation experiments suggested that climate change and variability explained 97.5% of the interannual variability of runoff and also resulted in the opposite changes in runoff in northern and southern regions of the NAEC. Land‐use change reduced runoff by 5‐22 mm/yr from 1931 to 2010, but the impacts were divergent over the Piedmont region and Coastal Plain areas of the southern NAEC. Land‐use change impacts were more significant at local and watershed spatial scales rather than at regional scales. Different responses of runoff to changing climate and land‐use should be noted in future water resource management. Hydrological impacts of afforestation and deforestation as well as urbanization should also be noted by land‐use policy makers. 相似文献