汞蒸汽被动式检气管的初步研制

初步研制的汞蒸汽被动式检气管是建立在气体分子扩散和化学吸收原理基础上的,新制备的碘化亚铜沉淀和乙醇、甘油、硝酸混合、研碎,伴入经活化的层析硅胶,填充到检气管中,当汞蒸气进入管内时,发生显色反应,检气管显色长度的平方与汞蒸汽浓度及采样时间的乘积成线性关系,检测下限为0.001ug/mL(1h)。该法集采样与分析于一体,结构简单,不需动力,便于携带,操作方便,实验室模拟运用,其灵敏度和标准偏差令人满意。     

江苏-南黄海地区断裂带附近的小震活动与主震的关系

通过对 1 970年以来 ,江苏南黄海地区的 9次ML>5 4中强地震发生前的中小震活动分析 ,发现该地区ML>5 4中强地震 (本文称为主震 )发生前 2～ 3年内均有一系列ML3 0左右中小地震发生 ,而且这些中小地震的空间分布与主震在同一断裂带上。根据断裂带上的中小震活动情况 ,运用地震活动性的有关分析方法 ,对未来地震进行外推 ,并进行检验。得出 ,可以将断裂带附近发生的一些ML3 0左右的小震 ,视为该断裂带上将要发生的主震     

The Natural Vegetation Responses to the Groundwater Change Resulting from Ecological Water Conveyances to the Lower Tarim River

This paper takes the ecological water conveyance project (EWCP) that transfers water from the Bosten Lake, to Daxihaizi Reservoir, and finally to the Taitema Lake as a case study to analyze the dynamic change of the groundwater depth, the vegetation responses to the elevation of the groundwater depth as well as the relationship between the groundwater depth and the natural vegetation. The results from many years’ monitoring in field indicate: (1) the groundwater depth has been elevating gradually with the increase in the times of watering and the elevation range has been expanding continuously in the lower reaches of Tarim River. Correspondingly, the natural vegetation has a favorable response to the elevation of the groundwater depth. The change of the natural vegetation has accordance with that of the groundwater depth. Such facts not only show that groundwater is a key factor to the growth of the native vegetation but also prove it is feasible that the degraded ecosystem can be restored and protected by the EWCP; (2) the results of analysis of the spatial-temporal response of the natural vegetation to watering reveals that the beneficial influence of the EWCP on the ecosystem in the lower Tarim River is a long-term process; (3) in terms of the function and structure of ecosystem after watering in the lower reaches of Tarim River, the EWCP does not still reach the goal of ecological restoration at a large spatial scale at present. Based on such monitoring results, some countermeasures and suggestions for the future restoration strategy are proposed so as to provide a theoretical basis for restoring and protecting the ecosystem in Tarim River, and meanwhile it can also provide some scientific references for implementing the similar ecological projects in other areas.     

低浓度软锰矿浆烟气脱硫过程中的催化作用

通过对SO2-4浓度的分析,研究了低浓度软锰矿浆烟气脱硫过程中的液相和固相催化作用.研究表明:低浓度软锰矿浆中Fe(Ⅱ,Ⅲ)的浸出率很低(＜ 7%),致使Fe(Ⅱ,Ⅲ)离子的液相催化作用和Mn(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅱ,Ⅲ)离子间的液相协同作用不明显.该过程中实际生成的so2-4主要来自3个方面:MnO2的直接氧化还原作用,Mn(Ⅱ)的液相催化作用以及软锰矿固相组分的催化作用.其中,Mn(Ⅱ)的液相催化作用始终占据主导地位;MnO2的直接氧化还原作用与固相催化作用相比,在20 min前有明显的优势,而20 min后则几乎可以忽略不计.     

平原河网河道结构与水体自净能力关系实验研究

文章利用模拟实验开展了平原地区缓流河道中的水质变化对河道水流速度与来水水质的响应规律研究。结果显示,当流速<0.5m/h时,河道中的各种污染物主要以沉积过程为主。当流速在0.5～1.5m/h时,水体最易受外界有机物输入的影响,容易引起局部水质的恶化。当流速>1.5m/h时,水动力条件有利于河道中的有机物的降解,但促进了底泥磷的释放,并会导致下游河道营养盐的升高。所以在河道改造、城市生态河网建设与管理中,应从区域河网整体着手,也应注意缓流河道中来水水质的管理。     

纳米ZnO光催化降解溴化乙锭(EB)的初步研究

对ZnO光催化降解溴化乙锭(EB)中的光源、反应介质、pH值、光催化剂用量、光照时间及氧化剂的加入等因素进行了考察.结果表明,在日光和紫外光照射下,EB都能得到较好的降解.在EB初始浓度50mg·l-1,pH 9的水溶液中,紫外光照射240min,ZnO(80mg)光催化降解EB的降解率可达到92.9%.     

农药“增效双效灵”的致突变试验

本文报导了“增效双效灵(HDE”的 Ames 试验结果。结果表明,HDE 有抑菌能力,其最大无抑菌浓度为1.225%(W/V)。在本试验条件下未发现其有致突变活性。     

Analysis of the Difference of the Basic Pension by Regions

Nowadays, the disparity of the basic pension in local regions of China can be described as follows: the low level of the unification of the basic pension systems, the large disparity of the level of the basic pension, and unfairness of the enterprises’ payment for the basic pension in different local regions in China. These have already brought many negative influences, which have greatly held back the development of the society and national economy. We should build the basic pension system in all local regions of China as a whole, which can cover all people and decrease the disparity in different local regions in China.     

水流对底泥净化作用的模拟试验

苏州河底泥中重金属的可动性模拟试验表明.沉积底泥能按照质量作用原理作为重金属的交换者起作用。霞金属Pb的交换溶出能力最低.Cd和Zh相似。苏州河是一条感潮河流,各潮期的潮流流动Re在(1.3l～j.8)×106范围,即为紊流流动.传质系数在(5.22～9.91)×10 4cm/s范围。在潮流作用下,60万m3底泥中重金属传递至河水中的量,以l天计,Cd为685.9函Pb为1505.9g,Zn为89.6kg,河水对底泥中莺金属的净化率,Cd为O.44％,Pb为0.0079％,Zn为0.05％。