A hybrid model for robust design of sustainable closed-loop supply chain in lead-acid battery industry

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Considering supply chain efficiency during the network design process significantly affect chain performance improvement. In this paper, the design...     

Assessment of the current municipal solid waste management system in Tehran,Iran: challenges and opportunities for sustainable development

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - With over 9 million population, challenges of waste management system (WMS) of Tehran can offer some lessons to other middle-income cities. Despite...     

Genotoxicity of ferric oxide nanoparticles in Raphanus sativus: Deciphering the role of signaling factors, oxidative stress and cell death

We have studied the genotoxic and apoptotic potential of ferric oxide nanoparticles(Fe_2O_3-NPs) in Raphanus sativus(radish).Fe_2O_3-NPs retarded the root length and seed germination in radish.Ultrathin sections of treated roots showed subcellular localization of Fe_2O_3-NPs,along with the appearance of damaged mitochondria and excessive vacuolization.Flow cytometric analysis of Fe_2O_3-NPs(1.0 mg/m L) treated groups exhibited 219.5%,161%,120.4% and 161.4% increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS),mitochondrial membrane potential(ΔΨm),nitric oxide(NO) and Ca2+influx in radish protoplasts.A concentration dependent increase in the antioxidative enzymes glutathione(GSH),catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD) and lipid peroxidation(LPO) has been recorded.Comet assay showed a concentration dependent increase in deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) strand breaks in Fe_2O_3-NPs treated groups.Cell cycle analysis revealed 88.4% of cells in sub-G1 apoptotic phase,suggesting cell death in Fe_2O_3-NPs(2.0 mg/m L) treated group.Taking together,the genotoxicity induced by Fe_2O_3-NPs highlights the importance of environmental risk associated with improper disposal of nanoparticles(NPs) and radish can serve as a good indicator for measuring the phytotoxicity of NPs grown in NP-polluted environment.     

Removal of dinitrotoluenes from water via reduction with iron and peroxidase-catalyzed oxidative polymerization: a comparison between Arthromyces ramosus peroxidase and soybean peroxidase

A two-step process for the removal of dinitrotoluene from water is presented: zero-valent iron reduction is coupled with peroxidase-catalyzed polymerization of the resulting diaminotoluenes (DAT). The effect of pH was examined in the reduction step: at pH 6 the reaction occurred much more rapidly than at pH 8. In the second step, optimal pH and substrate ratio, minimal enzyme concentration and effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as an additive for greater than 95% conversion of DAT, over a 3h reaction period were determined using high performance liquid chromatography. Two enzymes were investigated and compared: Arthromyces ramosus peroxidase (ARP) and soybean peroxidase (SBP). The optimal pH values were 5.4 and 5.2 for ARP and SBP, respectively, but SBP was more resistant to mild acid whereas ARP was more stable in neutral solutions. SBP was found to have a greater hydrogen peroxide demand (optimal peroxide/DAT molar ratio for SBP: 2.0 and 3.0 for 2,4-diaminotoluene (2,4-DAT) and 2,6-diaminotoluene (2,6-DAT), respectively; for ARP: 1.5 and 2.75 for 2,4-DAT and 2,6-DAT, respectively) but required significantly less enzyme (0.01 and 0.1 U ml(-1) for 2,4-DAT and 2,6-DAT, respectively) to convert the DAT than ARP (0.4 and 1.5 U ml(-1) for 2,4-DAT and 2,6-DAT, respectively). PEG was shown to have no effect upon the degree of substrate conversion for either enzyme.     

Bio-indicators in cadmium toxicity: Role of HSP27 and HSP70

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of proteins that are expressed by cells in reply to stressors. The changes in concentration of HSPs could be...     

The effect of weather data on the spread of COVID-19 in Jordan

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study aims to analyze the correlation between the daily confirmed COVID-19 cases in Jordan and metrological parameters including the average...     

极端嗜热菌海栖热袍菌木聚糖酶B的克隆和表达

极端嗜热菌海栖热袍菌MSB8(ThermotogamaritimaMSB8)能够利用木聚糖代谢 ,并具有两个产木聚糖酶的基因 .本研究首次克隆和在大肠杆菌中表达海栖热袍菌MSB8的第 2个木聚糖酶基因即xynB基因 .以基因组DNA为模板 ,根据xynB基因的全序列设计了两对引物 ,在合适的PCR反应条件下有效地扩增出了xynB基因片段 .选用pET2 8a(+)表达载体 ,NcoI-HindⅢ酶切位点并编码了羧基端 6×His标签的阳性克隆表达成可溶且具有生物活性的蛋白质 .xynB结构基因由 10 4 4对碱基组成 ,编码 347个氨基酸 .根据已知木聚糖酶蛋白质氨基酸的同源性分析 ,XynB与T .sp.strainFjSS3-B .1的XynA的同源性最大 ,为 85 % ,与T .neapolitana的XynB同源性次之 ,为 82 % ,与其它木聚糖酶的同源性小于 4 3% .另外 ,XynB属于F/ 10族木聚糖酶 ,且含有单一功能区 .表 3图 3参 12     

Synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles in different thermal conditions and modeling its photocatalytic activity with artificial neural network

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles were prepared by sol gel route. The preparation parameters were optimized in the removal of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). All catalysts were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An artificial neural network model (ANN) was developed to predict the photocatalytic removal of 4-NP in the presence of TiO₂ nanoparticles prepared under desired conditions. The comparison between the predicted results by designed ANN model and the experimental data proved that modeling of the removal process of 4-NP using artificial neural network was a precise method to predict the extent of 4-NP removal under different conditions.     

Optimal temporal scale for the correlation of AOD and ground measurements of PM2.5 in a real-time air quality estimation system

Aerosol optical depth (AOD), an indirect estimate of particulate matter using satellite observations, has shown great promise in improving estimates of PM_2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm) surface. Currently, few studies have been conducted to explore the optimal way to apply AOD data to improve the model accuracy of PM_2.5 in a real-time air quality system. We believe that two major aspects may be worthy of consideration in that area: 1) an approach that integrates satellite measurements with ground measurements in the estimates of pollutants and 2) identification of an optimal temporal scale to calculate the correlation of AOD and ground measurements. This paper is focused on the second aspect, identifying the optimal temporal scale to correlate AOD with PM_2.5. Five following different temporal scales were chosen to evaluate their impact on the model performance: 1) within the last 3 days, 2) within the last 10 days, 3) within the last 30 days, 4) within the last 90 days, and 5) the time period with the highest correlation in a year. The model performance is evaluated for its accuracy, bias, and errors based on the following selected statistics: the Mean Bias, the Normalized Mean Bias, the Root Mean Square Error, Normalized Mean Error, and the Index of Agreement. This research shows that the model with the temporal scale: within the last 30 days, displays the best model performance in a southern multi-state area centered in Mississippi using 2004 and 2005 data sets.     

Effect of Tinospora cordifolia on the reduction of ultraviolet radiation‐induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in PC12 cells

The safety of Tinospora cordifolia and its potential to protect against ultraviolet radiation‐induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in PC12 cells were investigated. To evaluate the safety of T. cordifolia, cell viability and agarose gel electrophoresis were carried out using PC12 cells treated with 0 to 100 μg mL^?1 of methanol extract of T. cordifolia. T. cordifolia extracts did not show cytotoxicity ranging 0 to 100 μg mL^?1. In addition, T. cordifolia extracts significantly increased cell viability at 1 ng, 10 ng and 1 μg mL^?1 concentrations in serum‐deprived medium compared to control. To confirm the protective role against UV‐induced damage, PC12 cells alone or in the presence of 10 ng, 100 ng, or 1 μg mL^?1 of T. cordifolia extract were exposed to 250, 270 and 290 nm of UV radiation, which corresponded to doses of 120, 150 and 300 mJ cm^?2, respectively. Treatment with T. cordifolia extracts significantly increased the cell survival rate irradiated at 290 nm. In addition, T. cordifolia extracts significantly reduced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer formation induced by UV irradiation at all wavelengths. In conclusion, T. cordifolia is not toxic and safe for cells. Our findings can support its application as phototherapy in the medical sector.