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181.
Mohd Imran Khan Iqbal Ahmad Abbas Ali Mahdi Mohd Javed Akhtar Najmul Islam Mohd Ashquin Thuppil Venkatesh 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2010,17(7):1347-1354
Background, aim, and scope
Lead, a major contaminant, is highly used in paint manufacturing due to its anticorrosive properties. Recent reports indicated high lead content among Indian paints used for commercial purposes. Painters are continuously exposed to these lead containing paints during painting of both commercial as well as residential buildings. Lead is well-known for its genotoxicty in occupational workers; however, in Indian painters the genotoxic effects of lead have not been reported to date. Therefore we aimed to study the genotoxic end points in painters due to their long-term exposure to these high lead-containing Indian paints. 相似文献182.
Sara kaffashi Mad Nasir Shamsudin Alias Radam Khalid Abdul Rahim Mohd Rusli Yacob Azizi Muda Muhammad Yazid 《Regional Environmental Change》2011,11(4):925-934
Wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems on the earth. They produce various market and non-market goods and services,
which have a significant role in human welfare. Despite the great opportunities from sustainable development, wetlands all
over the world are under serious threat from a diverse range of non-sustainable activities. One of the major reasons for excessive
depletion and the conversion of wetland resources is due to underestimating the non-market values of wetlands during development
decisions. Shadegan International Wetland (SIW) in southern Iran is one of these wetland areas that is threatened by undervaluation
and overexploitation from commercial activities. This study utilizes the contingent valuation method to estimate the economic
benefits of SIW from the view point of peoples’ willingness to pay (WTP). The logit model was defined based on dichotomous
choice to measure individuals’ WTP. The estimated mean WTP was US$ 1.74 per household as a onetime donation. This study concludes
that the benefits of SIW to society could encourage managers to set priorities to ensure that the health of the ecosystem,
its integrity, and its uniqueness would be conserved in a proper manner. 相似文献
183.
Sara Kaffashi Mad Nasir Shamsudin Alias Radam Khalid Abdul Rahim Mohd Rusli Yacob 《The Environmentalist》2013,33(2):251-260
The inclusion of both non-use values and values placed by non-users provide more reliable results about the real values of wetlands. A choice experiment method was conducted to estimate the willingness to pay for environmental conservation in non-users’ communities adjacent to the Shadegan International Wetland (SIW) in Iran. A random parameter logit (RPL) model was developed to derive the marginal value and compensating surplus of the respondents for five attributes of the non-market values of SIW. The trade-off between five different wetland attributes showed that water quality improvement and biodiversity conservation were the most highly valued attributes. The results demonstrated that about 66 % of non-users were willing to donate money for the contribution in SIW conservation, suggesting that non-users have the potential to contribute to SIW conservation programs. 相似文献
184.
Emad S.M.Ameen Abdullrahim Mohd Yusoff Mohd Razman Salim Azmi Aris Aznah Nor Anuar 《应用与环境生物学报》2013,(1):184-188
In this research,the treatability of solids from sanitary landfill leachate by microfiltration membrane was investigated and the fouling of the membrane was carefully studied.Continuous microfiltration process was carried out for 21 h in experimental system involved coagulation with Moringa oleifera followed by filtration using submerged hollow fibre microfiltration membrane (MFM).Coagulation with M.Oleifera,air diffusers and back flush technique were used for preventing or alleviating fouling of the membrane.The hollow fibre MFM showed high removals of 98%,91% and 99% for turbidity,colour and total suspended solids respectively.It was obtained at the beginning of the filtration.However,quality of the filtrate rapidly declined during the filtration process.Fouling was found to proceed according to the classical cake filtration model.Coagulation with M.Oleifera as well as the back-flush technique could not fully restore the deterioration occurred to the membrane. 相似文献
185.
Ismail Hossain M El-Harbawi M Noaman YA Bustam MA Alitheen NB Affandi NA Hefter G Yin CY 《Chemosphere》2011,84(1):101-104
Eight hydroxylammonium-based room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) have been synthesized by acid-base neutralization of ethanolamines with organic acids. The ILs were characterized by infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies and elemental analysis. Their anti-microbial activities were determined using the well-diffusion method. All eight ILs were toxic to Staphylococcus aureus, while 2-hydroxyethylammonium lactate and 2-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylethanaminium acetate showed high anti-microbial activity against a wide range of human pathogens. 相似文献
186.
Mirtaghi Mirmohammadi M. Hakimi Ibrahim Anees Ahmad Mohd Omar Abdul Kadir M. Mohammadyan S. B. Mirashrafi 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,165(1-4):341-347
Today, many raw materials used in factories may have a dangerous effect on the physiological system of workers. One of them which is widely used in the polyurethane factories is diisocyanates. These compounds are widely used in surface coatings, polyurethane foams, adhesives, resins, elastomers, binders, and sealants. Exposure to diisocyanates causes irritation to the skin, mucous membranes, eyes, and respiratory tract. Hexamethylene diamine (HDA) is metabolite of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). It is an excretory material by worker’s urine who is exposed to HDI. Around 100 air samples were collected from five defined factories by midget impinger which contained dimethyl sulfoxide absorbent as a solvent and tryptamine as reagent. Samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with EC\UV detector using NIOSH 5522 method of sampling. Also, 50 urine samples collected from workers were also analyzed using William’s biological analysis method. The concentration of HDI into all air samples were more than 88 xxxμg/m3, and they have shown high concentration of pollutant in the workplaces in comparison with NIOSH standard, and all of the workers’ urine were contaminated by HDA. The correlation and regression test were used to obtain statistical model for HDI and HDA, which is useful for the prediction of diisocyanates pollution situation in the polyurethane factories. 相似文献
187.
Biomonitoring of multi-element atmospheric deposition using terrestrial moss is a well-established technique in Europe. Although
the technique is widely known, there were very limited records of using this technique to study atmospheric air pollution
in Malaysia. In this present study, the deposition of 11 trace metals surrounding the main petroleum refinery plant in Kerteh
Terengganu (eastern part of peninsular Malaysia) has been evaluated using two local moss species, namely Hypnum plumaeforme and Taxithelium instratum as bioindicators. The study was also done by means of observing whether these metals are attributed to work related to oil
exploration in this area. The moss samples have been collected at 30 sampling stations in the vicinity of the petrochemical
industrial area covering up to 15 km to the south, north, and west in radius. The contents of heavy metal in moss samples
were analyzed by energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence technique. Distribution of heavy metal content in all mosses is portrayed
using Surfer software. Areas of the highest level of contaminations are highlighted. The results obtained using the principal
components analysis revealed that the elements can be grouped into three different components that indirectly reflected three
different sources namely anthropogenic factor, vegetation factor, and natural sources (soil dust or substrate) factor. Heavy
metals deposited mostly in the distance after 9 km onward to the western part (the average direction of wind blow). V, Cr,
Cu, and Hg are believed to have originated from local petrochemical-based industries operated around petroleum industrial
area. 相似文献
188.
Aziz SQ Aziz HA Yusoff MS Mohajeri S 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(10):6147-6158
In this research, two types of sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) with 8 h of cycle times, namely non-powdered activated carbon (NPAC-SBR) and powdered activated carbon (PAC-SBR), were used for the treatment of raw leachates at Kulim and Pulau Burung landfill sites. To test the performance of SBRs, phenols, total iron, zinc, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, color, suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, and total dissolved salts removal efficiencies and sludge volume index (SVI) were studied at both sites. The rates of phenols removal, for instance in NPAC-SBRs and PAC-SBRs at Kulim, were 25% and 55%, respectively, whereas those at Pulau Buring were 94.81% and 97.75%, respectively. PAC as adsorbent in PAC-SBRs enhanced the removal efficiencies of the aforementioned pollutants from leachates at both sites. In addition, PAC as adsorbent decreased the SVI values at Kulim (59.7 mL/g) and Pulau Burung (91.4 mL/g) leachates and improved the nitrification and denitrification processes. 相似文献
189.
190.
T. B. M. Mohd I. U. H. Bhat A. L. Mohmod P. Aditiawati H. P. S. Abdul Khalil 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2013,21(2):534-544
This research presents, thermal (TGA, Kinetics, DSC) analysis and FT-IR characterization of two bamboo species viz. Gigantochloa levis and Gigantochloa scortechinii at different position and locations (Internode and node). The internodes and nodes of Gigantochloa levis and Gigantochloa scortechinii exhibited similar thermal stability, observed up to 200 °C. The decomposition of cellulose and hemicelluloses component of the bamboo species occurred between 220 and 390 °C, while the degradation of lignin was observed above 400 °C. The kinetic studies revealed that Gigantochloa levis is more sensitive to degradation as compared to Gigantochloa scortechinii. The FT-IR studies were carried to assign the functional groups available at different positions and locations. 相似文献