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101.
In-Ho Yoon Deok Hyun Moon Kyoung-Woong Kim Keun-Young Lee Ji-Hoon Lee Min Gyu Kim 《Journal of environmental management》2010,91(11):2322-2328
In this study, the mechanism for the stabilization/solidification (S/S) of arsenic (As)-contaminated soils with Portland cement (PC), and cement kiln dust (CKD) using 1 N HCl extraction fluid, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy was investigated. The degree of As immobilization after stabilization was assessed using a 1 N HCl extraction on the basis of the Korean Standard Test (KST). After 1 day of curing with 30 wt% PC and 7 days of curing with 50 wt% CKD, the concentration of As leached from the amended soils was less than the Korean countermeasure standard (3 mg L?1). The As concentrations in the leachate treated with PC and CKD were significantly decreased at pH > 3, indicating that pH had a prevailing influence on As mobility. XRPD results indicated that calcium arsenite (Ca–As–O) and sodium calcium arsenate hydrate (NaCaAsO4·7.5H2O) were present in the PC- and CKD-treated slurries as the key phases responsible for As(III) and As(V) immobilization, respectively. The XANES spectroscopy confirmed that the As(III) and As(V) oxidation states of the PC and CKD slurry samples were consistent with the speciated forms in the crystals identified by XRPD. EXAFS spectroscopy showed As–Ca bonding in the As(III)-PC and As(III)-CKD slurries. The main mechanism for the immobilization of As-contaminated soils with PC and CKD was strongly associated with the bonding between As(III) or As(V) and Ca. 相似文献
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105.
Dong-UK Park Dae-Seon Kim Seung-Do Yu Kyeong-Min Lee Seung-Hun Ryu Soo-Geun Kim Won-Ho Yang Doo-Yong. Park Yeong-Seoub Hong Jung-Duck Park Byung-Kook Lee Jai-Dong Moon Joon Sakong Seung-Chul Ahn Jung-Min Ryu Soon-Won Jung 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(8):5209-5220
We analyzed national data on blood lead levels (BLL) and blood cadmium levels (BCL) in residents living near 38 abandoned metal mining areas (n?=?5,682, 18–96 years old) in Korea that were collected by the first Health Effect Surveillance for Residents in Abandoned Metal mines (HESRAM) from 2008 to 2011. The geometric mean BCL and BLL were 1.60 μg/L (95 % CI?=?1.57–1.62 μg/L) and 2.87 μg/dL (95 % CI?=?2.84–2.90 μg/dL), respectively, notably higher than levels in the general population in Korea and other countries. We found significantly higher BLL and BCL levels in people living within 2 km of an abandoned metal mine (n?=?3,165, BCL?=?1.87 μg/L, BLL?=?2.91 μg/dL) compared to people living more than 2 km away (n?=?2,517, BCL?=?1.31 μg/L, BLL?=?2.82 μg/dL; P?<?0.0001) and to the general population values reported in the literature. 相似文献
106.
Monitoring of selected veterinary antibiotics in environmental compartments near a composting facility in Gangwon Province, Korea 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yong Sik Ok Sung-Chul Kim Kwon-Rae Kim Sang Soo Lee Deok Hyun Moon Kyoung Jae Lim Jwa-Kyung Sung Seung-Oh Hur Jae E. Yang 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,174(1-4):693-701
Many studies have been recently reported that veterinary antibiotics released into the environment have a detrimental effect on humans such as the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, only limited information is available regarding to the release of antibiotics in environmental compartments in Korea. Objectives of this study were to evaluate the concentrations of antibiotics in water, sediment, and soil adjacent to a composting facility in Korea and to determine the dilution effects of antibiotics when released into the environment. Seven antibiotics of chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfathiazole, and tylosin were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography?Ctandem mass spectrometry following pretreatment using solid-phase extraction to clean the samples. Results showed that the highest concentration of each antibiotic in both aqueous and solid samples was detected from a site adjacent to the composting facility. We also found that the studied water, sediment, and soil samples are contaminated by veterinary antibiotics throughout comparison with studies from other countries. However, relatively lower concentrations of each antibiotic were observed from the rice paddy soil located at the bottom of the water stream. Further research is necessary to continuously monitor the antibiotics release into ecosystems, thereby developing an environmental risk assessment. 相似文献
107.
S.B. Emery D.N. Smith M.R. Gaterell G. Sammons D. Moon 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2007,52(2):395-409
The Government's Sustainable Buildings Task Group recently recommended a benchmark requirement for a minimum 10% of reused/reclaimed or recycled content (by material value) in construction projects. The benchmark would be implemented through Building Regulations and public sector procurement. This paper presents the findings of a pilot study to inform decision-making on the feasibility of setting and meeting such a requirement.The project involved determining current levels of recycled content in Defence Estates’ standard design for modern barracks accommodation, and quantifying the scope to increase this content. The existing designs for the new barracks were found to use nearly 20% recycled and recovered materials. The project identified opportunities to increase this proportion to nearly 25% with no increase in cost or risk. 相似文献
108.
Phosphogypsum board is a popular construction material used for housing panels in Korea. Phosphogypsum often contains (226)Ra which decays into (222)Rn through an alpha transformation. (222)Rn emanated from the (226)Ra-bearing phosphogypsum board has drawn the public concern due to its potential radiological impacts to indoor occupants. The emanation rate of (222)Rn from the board is estimated in this paper. A mathematical model of the emanation rate of (222)Rn from the board is presented and validated through a series of experiments. The back diffusion effect due to accumulation of (222)Rn-laden air was incorporated in the model and found to have a strong impact on the (222)Rn emanation characteristics. 相似文献
109.
Competitive adsorption characteristics of Co2+, Ni2+, and Cr3+ by IRN-77 cation exchange resin in synthesized wastewater 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Adsorption properties of Co2+, Ni2+, and Cr3+ on an Amberlite IRN-77 cation exchange resin were investigated in batch systems. Levels of adsorption rapidly approached an equilibrium state within 1 h. The adsorption characteristics of each metal onto the resin were accurately represented by Langmuir isotherms. Co2+ and Ni2+, which have an equivalent electrovalence, displayed similar levels of adsorption onto the resin when they coexisted in the solution. However, when Cr3+ was added to the solution it competitively replaced Co2+ and Ni2+ ions that had been previously adsorbed onto the resin, resulting in the desorption of these metals into the solution. The result was likely due to a higher adsorption affinity of Cr3+ relative to Co2+ and Ni2+. This implies that interactively competitive adsorption of multi-cations onto the resin should be thoroughly considered when contemplating the efficient operation of an ion exchange process in the treatment of industrial wastewater. 相似文献
110.
Sangkuen Byoun Dong Nam Shin Il-Shik Moon 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2019,69(7):857-866
Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) has been widely used as a chemical additive for enhancing nitrogen oxide (NOx; NO + NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and mercury (Hg0) removals in a wet scrubber. However, they are each uniquely dependent on NaClO(aq) pH, hence making the simultaneous control difficult. In order to overcome this weakness, we sprayed low liquid-to-gas (L/G) ratio (0.1 L/Nm3) of NaClO(aq) to vaporize quickly at 165 °C. Results have shown that the maximized NOx, SO2, and Hg0 removals can be achieved at the pH range between 4.0 and 6.0. When NOx and Hg0 coexist with SO2, in addition, their removals are significantly enhanced by reactions with solid and gaseous by-products such as NaClO(s), NaClO2(s), OClO, ClO, and Cl species, originated from the reaction between SO2 and NaClO(aq). We have also demonstrated the feasibility of this approach in the real flue gases of a combustion plant and observed 50%, 80%, and 60% of NOx, SO2, and Hg0 removals, respectively. These findings led us to conclude that the spray of NaClO(aq) at a relatively high temperature at which the sprayed solution can vaporize quickly makes the simultaneous control of NOx, SO2, and Hg0 possible.
Implications: The simple spray of NaClO(aq) at temperatures above 165 °C can cause the simultaneous removal of gaseous NOx, SO2, and Hg0 by its quick vaporization. Their maximized removals are achieved at the pH range between 4.0 and 6.0. NOx and Hg0 removals are also enhanced by gaseous and solid intermediate products generated from the reaction of SO2 with NaClO(aq). The feasibility of this approach has been demonstrated in the real flue gases of a combustion plant. 相似文献