氮气泡沫灭火技术发展现状

介绍了氮气泡沫研究进展和现状,分析了氮气泡沫的灭火原理、稳定性以及应用实例。氮气是惰性气体,不溶于水,在水中扩散速率较小,其与泡沫液混合发泡产生的氮气泡沫与空气、二氧化碳等相比,具有持久惰化、稳定性好,灭火效果显著等优势。     

江西九江市水环境综合控制规划研究

从‘水污染控制区’系统划分出发，计算九江水环境容量大小及分布特征：提出了九江市污水排放标准和经济，技术与环境三位一体的水环境综合治理方案。     

移民与土地开发对生态环境影响探讨

移民和土地开发是人类改造自然的一种形式,其产生的影响涉及迁出与迁入区的全区域.宁夏银北灌区改造扩建工程的实施,改变了开发区域原来的环境特征.本文通过移民与土地开发对环境影响评估,直接为灌区的开发建设服务.     

湛江内港水域无机氮含量分布特征及其与环境因子的关系

根据1999年5月至2001年11月的调查资料，初步探讨了湛江内港水域无机氮的分布特征及其与环境因子（COD、DO,pH,S)之间的关系，结果表明，湛江内港水域无机氮表层高于底层，盐度（S）表层低于底层，NO3^-,N,NO4^ ,N表现出了不同年际的变化特点，无机氮与PH，S呈现出负相关的规律性，与COD呈现出正相关的规律性，影响湛江内港水域无机氮变化的主要因素是沿岸排放工业废水和生活污水。     

酸沉降区作物对汞的积累及其影响因素的研究

介绍了重庆市近郊的蔬菜含汞量随时距发电厂越近而浓度越高的趋势，蔬菜所生长的土壤及其附近的地下水含汞量，亦与蔬菜有类似的情况，但不同作物吸收汞的能力各异，不同来源的汞在作物在内的分布也不相同，来在大气的汞，大都集中地上部，来自土壤则大都聚积于根，土壤粘粒类型的差异，也对作物吸汞能力及汞在材料体内的分布有明显的影响，土壤肥力不单影响植物吸收土壤汞，而且制约作物吸收大气汞。     

城市晴日太阳辐射的空间变化

１９９１年在济南市进行了两次太阳辐射强度的流动观测。对观测资料的分析表明，不仅市区的太阳辐射强度明显小于郊区，而且处于下风向的近郊区的太阳辐射强度也明显小于上风向郊区；市区内不同功能区的太阳辐射减弱程度不同，以工业区减弱最甚；太阳辐射强度的空间变化形式与城市功能区的布局密切相关。     

石化行业污水处理场除臭装置职业病防护措施问题探讨

根据某石化行业污水处理场除臭装置的生产工艺,分析了恶臭气体处理过程中产生的主要职业病危害因素及其危害情况,提出关键控制环节及相应的控制措施,从而降低在类似装置运行过程中的职业病危害风险水平。     

Stabilization of hexavalent chromium with pretreatment and high temperature sintering in highly contaminated soil

• Separate reduction and sintering cannot be effective for Cr stabilization. • Combined treatment of reduction and sintering is effective for Cr stabilization. • Almost all the Cr in the reduced soil is residual form after sintering at 1000°C. This study explored the effectiveness and mechanisms of high temperature sintering following pre-reduction with ferric sulfate (FeSO₄), sodium sulfide (Na₂S), or citric acid (C₆H₈O₇) in stabilizing hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in highly contaminated soil. The soil samples had an initial total Cr leaching of 1768.83 mg/L, and Cr(VI) leaching of 1745.13 mg/L. When FeSO₄ or C₆H₈O₇ reduction was followed by sintering at 1000°C, the Cr leaching was reduced enough to meet the Safety Landfill Standards regarding general industrial solid waste. This combined treatment greatly improved the stabilization efficiency of chromium because the reduction of Cr(VI) into Cr(III) decreased the mobility of chromium and made it more easily encapsulated in minerals during sintering. SEM, XRD, TG-DSC, and speciation analysis indicated that when the sintering temperature reached 1000°C, almost all the chromium in soils that had the pre-reduction treatment was transformed into the residual form. At 1000°C, the soil melted and promoted the mineralization of Cr and the formation of new Cr-containing compounds, which significantly decreased subsequent leaching of chromium from the soil. However, without reduction treatment, chromium continued to leach from the soil even after being sintered at 1000°C, possibly because the soil did not fully fuse and because Cr(VI) does not bind with soil as easily as Cr(III).     

Effect of biocover equipped with a novel passive air diffusion system on microbial methane oxidation and community of methanotrophs

A novel biocover with passive air diffusion system (PADS) was designed in this study. Its effect on landfill gas components in the macrocosms of simulated biocover systems was also investigated. The results show that O2 concentration increased in the whole profile of the macrocosms equipped with PADS. When simulated landfill gas (SLFG) flow rate was no more than 40 mL min(-1), the methane oxidation rate was 100%. The highest CH4 oxidation capacity reached to 31.34 mol m(-3) day(-1). Molecular microbiology analysis of the soil samples taken from the above macrocosm showed that the growth of type I methanotrophs was enhanced, attributable to enhanced air diffusion and distribution, whereas the microbial diversity and population density of type II methanotrophs were not so affected, as evidenced by the absence of any difference between the biocover equipped with PADS and that of the control. According to a phylogenic analysis, Methylobacter Methylosarcinafor type I, and Methylocystis, Methylosinus for type II, were the most prevalent species in the macrocosm with PADS.     

Fe(Ⅲ)-酒石酸盐配合物体系的光解特性

以Fe(Ⅲ)-酒石酸配合物体系光化学过程中产生的Fe(Ⅱ)和.OH为主要检测对象,探讨了Fe(Ⅲ)-酒石酸配合物体系光化学反应的基本规律及影响因素。结果表明,体系的光化学过程能产生Fe(Ⅱ)和.OH;产生Fe(Ⅱ)的速率远高于产生.OH的速率;Fe(Ⅱ)生成浓度在pH 3.50时最大,.OH则在pH 3.00时最大;配合物的光化学过程中会伴随pH的升高;在照度为3.6×103Lux的日光灯照射下,Fe(Ⅲ)-酒石酸盐配合物初级光解的速率常数为2.1×10-3S-1;Fe(Ⅱ)是高价重金属的主要还原剂,.OH是有机物的主要氧化剂。