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661.
van Soesbergen Arnout Arnell Andrew P. Sassen Marieke Stuch Benjamin Schaldach Rüdiger Göpel Jan Vervoort Joost Mason-D’Croz Daniel Islam Shahnila Palazzo Amanda 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(5):1409-1420
Regional Environmental Change - Competition for land is increasing as a consequence of the growing demands for food and other commodities and the need to conserve biodiversity and ecosystem... 相似文献
662.
663.
M. Ishaq Murad Ali Khan F. Akbar Jan I. Ahmad 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,166(1-4):409-420
Environmental pollution is one of the burning issues of the world. In developed countries, there are lot of awareness about the environment and the impact of various industries on their life and surroundings. A little has been done in this direction in developing countries. In Pakistan, a big problem is the rapid conglomeration of the brick kilns in the outskirts of nearly all the urban centers to cope with the rapid construction work in big cities. A huge amount of low-grade coal or rubber tires is used as fuel in a very non-scientific manner. The purpose of the present study was to look into the impact of the brick kilns on the different aspects of environmental pollution caused by these kilns. Concentration of metals Cu, Co, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cd, and Mn were measured on 36 soil samples collected from the area and the same number of plant samples in order to establish the distribution of heavy metals in the area and to determine the effect of this distribution on the surrounding atmosphere and the possible effects on human life. 相似文献
664.
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) belongs to one of the most hazardous groups of chemicals called persistent organic pollutants. Many organochlorine pesticides including p,p(')-DDT are long lasting due to their non-degradability can travel to distant places and being fat soluble can accumulate in animals and human bodies. Due to the persistent nature of p,p(')-DDT, its adverse environmental and health impacts, the present study was undertaken to examine the residual p,p(')-DDT in and around abandoned p,p(')-DDT manufacturing factory in Amman Gharh, Nowshera, NWFP. Samples of soil, sediments and water were collected in and around the factory area, nearby p,p(')-DDT stores, main factory drain leading to river Kabul and nearby villages. Standard procedures were used for the collection, transportation and storage of samples for analyses. Extraction of each sample for p,p(')-DDT analyses was carried out in triplicates using Soxhelt extraction. p,p(')-DDT contents in the samples were analyzed by capillary GC with electron capture detector. Most of the samples collected up to half kilometer distance from the site of the DDT factory were found contaminated. Further the level of p,p(')-DDT decreased with increasing depth from top to bottom and with distance from the site. The results indicate that there is no immediate threat to underground water reservoirs. 相似文献
665.
666.
Vorkamp K Strand J Christensen JH Svendsen TC Lassen P Hansen AB Larsen MM Andersen O 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2010,12(5):1141-1152
During the Danish Galathea 3 expedition, bivalve samples were collected at the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Ghana, South Africa, Australia, Solomon Islands, New Zealand, Chile, US Virgin Islands, Boston, Newfoundland and Shetland Islands and analysed for organochlorines and PAHs. Concentration differences of up to three orders of magnitude were observed, with the highest concentrations at Boston harbour (SPCB 338 ng g(-1) dw, ΣSPAH 5966 ng g(-1) dw) and the Sydney estuary (ΣSPCB 282 ng g(-1) dw, SPAH 1453 ng g(-1) dw). Local impacts were also found for the Greenland capital Nuuk in terms of PCB and PAH levels, while other Greenland samples came closest to representing PAH background levels. Several locations had undetectable organochlorine levels, including Hobart and Chile, which had the lowest SPAH concentrations (<200 ng g(-1) dw). It was possible to group the stations according to their pyrogenic/petrogenic influence using Principal Component Analyses, and indications of petroleum sources were found at Nuuk. 相似文献
667.
Stefan?MayerEmail author Magdalena?Twaru?ek Anna?B?ajet-Kosicka Jan?Grajewski 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2016,188(3):154
Manual sorting of onions is known to be associated with a bioaerosol exposure. The study aimed to gain an initial indication as to what extent manual sorting of onions is also associated with mycotoxin exposure. Twelve representative samples of outer onion skins from different onion origins were sampled and analyzed with a multimycotoxin method comprising 40 mycotoxins using a single extraction step followed by liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Six of the 12 samples were positive for mycotoxins. In those samples, deoxynivalenol, fumonisin B1, and B2 were observed in quantitatively detectable amounts of 3940 ng/g for fumonisin B1 and in the range of 126–587 ng/g for deoxynivalenol and 55–554 ng/g for fumonisin B2. Although the results point to a lower risk due to mycotoxins, the risk should not be completely neglected and has to be considered in the risk assessment. 相似文献
668.
External drift kriging of NOx concentrations with dispersion model output in a reduced air quality monitoring network 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jan van de Kassteele Alfred Stein Arnold L. M. Dekkers Guus J. M. Velders 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2009,16(3):321-339
In the mid nineteen eighties the Dutch NOx air quality monitoring network was reduced from 73 to 32 rural and city background stations, leading to higher spatial uncertainties.
In this study, several other sources of information are being used to help reduce uncertainties in parameter estimation and
spatial mapping. For parameter estimation, we used Bayesian inference. For mapping, we used kriging with external drift (KED)
including secondary information from a dispersion model. The methods were applied to atmospheric NOx concentrations on rural and urban scales. We compared Bayesian estimation with restricted maximum likelihood estimation and
KED with universal kriging. As a reference we also included ordinary least squares (OLS). Comparison of several parameter
estimation and spatial interpolation methods was done by cross-validation. Bayesian analysis resulted in an error reduction
of 10 to 20% as compared to restricted maximum likelihood, whereas KED resulted in an error reduction of 50% as compared to
universal kriging. Where observations were sparse, the predictions were substantially improved by inclusion of the dispersion
model output and by using available prior information. No major improvement was observed as compared to OLS, the cause presumably
being that much good information is contained in the dispersion model output, so that no additional spatial residual random
field is required to explain the data. In all, we conclude that reduction in the monitoring network could be compensated by
modern geostatistical methods, and that a traditional simple statistical model is of an almost equal quality.
相似文献
Jan van de KassteeleEmail: |
669.
Reliability of Elasticity Analysis: Reply to Mills et al. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
670.
Direct Perturbation Analysis for Better Conservation 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5