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81.
Morin-Crini Nadia Lichtfouse Eric Torri Giangiacomo Crini Grégorio 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(4):1667-1692
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Chitosan is a biopolymer obtained from chitin, one of the most abundant and renewable materials on Earth. Chitin is a primary component of cell walls in fungi, the... 相似文献
82.
Nadia Silva Jesús M. Avilés Etiénne Danchin Deseada Parejo 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2008,62(12):1969-1979
Animals may assess the quality of other individuals by using information that different ornaments may provide. The European
Roller (Coracias garrulus) is a socially monogamous species in which males and females display highly conspicuous plumage colouration. According to
the mutual selection hypothesis, we predicted that, in this species, plumage coloration could signal individual quality in
both sexes because both female and male rollers invest a considerable amount of time caring for their offspring. We used spectrophotometric
measurements to investigate the information content of multiple plumage colour traits. We found that the roller is actually
a sexually dimorphic and dichromatic species. Different plumage colours from different origins were correlated within individual.
Head and back brightness correlated with body condition in both sexes, and in males, head brightness correlated with the number
of fledglings in successful nests, while head green-yellow saturation correlated with parental provisioning. Meanwhile, in
females, back brightness was related to the number of fledglings in successful nests and to parental provisioning rate. In
addition, there was a positive assortative mating in relation to weight, body condition, head green-yellow saturation and
back brightness. Finally, we found a positive correlation between parent and offspring coloration. Altogether, these results
suggest that multiple colour traits may act as quality indicators in the roller and that they may be used by the two sexes
to assess potential mate quality. 相似文献
83.
Regular vegetation patterns have been observed in many arid zones around the word. This particular spontaneous arrangement of the vegetation optimizes the use of the scarce water resources and could be imitated to restore vulnerable ecosystems; at the same time, the patterns of vegetation act as an early warning signal of the fact that fragile ecosystems may suddenly undergo irreversible shifts, thus, they deserve a special attention. The formation of vegetation patterns is the object of many theoretical and experimental studies, nevertheless, in previous works, the interest that is deserved to below ground biomass allocation is minor as compared to the effort that is spent to describe the organization of vegetation above ground. 相似文献
84.
Mushtaq Ahmed Nadia Latif Rahmat Ali Khan Akhlaq Ahmad Gustavo Thomé Maria R.C. Schetinger 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(8):1659-1665
The venom of krait (Bungarus sindanus), an Elapidae snake, contains high level of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. The effect of arachidonic acid on krait (Bungarus sindanus) venom AChE (acetylcholine hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.7) was studied using kinetic methods. This study evaluated for the first time whether arachidonic acid acts as potential AChE inhibitor of krait venom. Kinetic studies, using Line-Weaver Burk and Dixon plots, indicated that the inhibition produced by arachidonic acid was non-competitive, i.e., both km and V max fell with increase in the concentration of arachidonic acid. The concentration of arachidonic acid required to inhibit 50% of enzymatic activity was found to be 1.9?µM while the inhibitory constant (Ki ) was 1.4?µM. The present results suggest that essential fatty acid (arachidonic acid) may also be used as an inhibitor of snake venom AChE. 相似文献
85.
Nadia Marchettini Margherita Panzieri Valentina Niccolucci Simone Bastianoni Stefano Borsa 《国际发展与全球生态学杂志》2013,20(3):275-282
Increased awareness of the importance of environmental protection and the introduction of international standards like ISO 14001 stimulated development of environmental sustainability indicators as a means to measure systems environmental performance. Here, a thermodynamic approach, emergy analysis (Odum, 1988) was used to obtain sustainability indicators able to analyse and quantify the productive and ecological performance of four famous Italian wine productions: Chianti, Brunello di Montalcino, Nobile di Montepulciano, and Barbera d'hti. The application to agricultural production was motivated by the growing need for productive and environmentally sound development in modern agriculture, in which the resource base, the environment, is preserved. The choice of wines, more precisely, grape production, is due to their importance for Italian agriculture and the economy. All the wines demonstrated a good long-term environmental sustainability, especially in view of their high quality and in comparison with the average Italian wine production. Emergy analysis proved a powerful tool for assessing environmental performance of these systems, and its use could easily be extended to other wine productions to obtain a form of environmental performance classification of this product. Systematic use of emergy analysis to assess environmental performance of different processes and products, not necessarily in agriculture, could be useful for environmental certification. 相似文献
86.
Fatima Zahra Ozi Nadia Boutaleb Meryem Hadidi Bouchaib Bahlaouan Mohamed Bennani Alla Silkina Said El Antri 《环境质量管理》2023,32(3):123-134
This research work consists on valorizing poultry waste by biotransformation into biofertilizers, associating this agro-industrial waste with algae (abundant natural resources) and molasses (a by-product of the sugar refining industry) ensuring a good contribution of nutritional chemical elements and obtaining a balanced formulation. A total of seven different formulations of the above three components, were examined in a simplex centroid design. A fungal inoculum of Aspergillus niger was used as a fermentation agent for better quality of biotransformation. The monitoring of this biotransformation is ensured during 15 days by following the evolution of physicochemical and microbiological parameters and, to understand the bioconversion of the simple compounds of the biofertilizer mixture such as short aliphatic chains, sugar, and amino acids into soluble mineral compounds, a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was carried out before and after biotransformation. Finally, germination and fertilization tests were performed to evaluate the efficiency of the final product on a barley crop. The overall results of the present study showed that the mixture which contained 68.75% poultry waste, 12.5% molasses, and 18.75% algae presented the better microbiological and chemical safety criteria required for a good biofertilizer according to NF U44-551 standard. 相似文献
87.
Etongo Daniel Djenontin Ida Nadia S. Kanninen Markku Glover Edinam K. 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2017,19(4):1141-1166
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Empirical ethnobotanical studies in Burkina Faso and the Sahel apply unmodified use-value methods, which often fail to capture uses of plants within... 相似文献
88.
Ludwig De Temmerman Nadia Waegeneers Edward Roekens 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(4):1337-1341
A biomonitoring network with leafy vegetables was established near a chlor-alkali plant in order to compare the accumulation of mercury to the atmospheric total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentration. Based on data obtained in the reference area the ‘normal’ mercury concentration in vegetables is between 0.6 and 5.4 μg kg−1 FW. The effect detection limits (EDLs) are between 1.2 and 11.0 μg kg−1 FW and the biological detection limits (BDLs), the lowest [TGM] that can be detected significantly, are between 3 and 4 ng m−3. The accumulation rate is lowest for lettuce and high for curly kale that proved to be an excellent accumulator and as such it is very useful for biomonitoring purposes. A comparison made in the 1980s between biomonitoring results with grass and the mercury concentration in leafy vegetables from private gardens nearby proved to be valid when applied to the current biomonitoring results with vegetables. 相似文献
89.
Jérémie Charles Grégorio Crini François Degiorgi Bertrand Sancey Nadia Morin-Crini Pierre-Marie Badot 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(2):1099-1111
To document the toxicity of copper and nickel in binary mixtures, freshwater amphipods Gammarus pulex were exposed to the metals given independently or as mixtures. Toxicity to Cu alone was relatively high: 96-h LC10 and LC50 were found at 91 and 196 μg L?1, respectively. Toxicity to Ni alone was very low, with 96-h LC10 and LC50 of 44,900 and 79,200 μg L?1, respectively. Mixture toxicities were calculated from single toxicity data using conventional models. Modeled toxicity was then compared with the measured toxicity of the binary mixture. Two kinds of mixtures were tested. Type I mixtures were designed as combinations of Cu and Ni given at the same effect concentrations, when taken independently, to identify possible interactions between copper and nickel. In type II mixtures, Cu concentrations varied from 0 to 600 μg L?1 while the nickel concentration was kept constant at 500 μg L?1 to mimic conditions of industrial wastewater discharges. Ni and Cu showed synergic effects in type I mixtures while type II mixtures revealed antagonistic effects. Low doses of Ni reduced Cu toxicity towards G. pulex. These results show that even for simple binary mixtures of contaminants with known chemistry and toxicity, unexpected interactions between the contaminants may occur. This reduces the reliability of conventional additivity models. 相似文献
90.
Levels of dechlorane plus and polybrominated diphenylethers in human milk in two Canadian cities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Siddique S Xian Q Abdelouahab N Takser L Phillips SP Feng YL Wang B Zhu J 《Environment international》2012,39(1):50-55
Flame retardant dechlorane plus (DP) and several polybrominated diphenylether (PBDE) congeners have been measured in 87 human milk samples collected in two Canadian cities: Kingston and Sherbrooke. The levels of PBDEs in human milk (mean (median), ng g− 1 lipid weight = 10 (5.9), 4.1 (2.8), 3.0 (1.6), 5.12 (1.6), and 15 (ND) for BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153, and BDE-209, respectively) were comparable to those reported in Europe, U.S.A. and China. The levels of DP, with a mean value of 0.98 ng g− 1 and a median value of 0.60 ng g− 1 (lipid weight), were two to ten times lower than those of concurrently measured major PBDEs including BDE-209. While there is little difference in the levels of measured contaminants in milk samples collected from the two cities, the contaminants levels in human milk show, indicated by Principal Components Analysis, that DP, deca-BDE, and penta-BDE come from three distinct sources. The mean and median isomer ratio values of DP in milk were 0.67 and 0.69, respectively, very similar to that of DP commercial products. 相似文献