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171.
172.
Plankton samples were collected from different parts of the Ligurian Sea during 1980 and 1983. Lead, but also cadmium, copper and zinc have been determined in these samples. The results indicate that nearshore samples display significantly higher lead concentrations (7.8 μg g?1) than offshore samples (1.9 μg g?1). 相似文献
173.
Anne-Marie?DelortEmail author Bruno?Combourieu Nicolas?Haroune 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2003,1(4):209-213
This article presents a short overview of selected recent papers using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to investigate interactions between organic pollutants and soil components such as organic matter, clays, whole soils, and sediments. First, we describe solid state cross polarisation magic angle spinning (CP-MAS) experiments as the main tools to investigate covalent bonds. Second, we report NMR approaches allowing us to assess molecule mobility and to characterise non-covalent interactions. Those approaches include correlations between K
oc
values and soil organic matter functions determined by CP-MAS, 2H NMR fingerprints, relaxation time measurements, 19F and 1H high resolution (HR)-MAS experiments. 相似文献
174.
Eleftheria Katsivela Edward R. B. Moore Nicolas Kalogerakis 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2003,3(3):103-115
Indigenous microorganisms, enriched and isolated from refinery waste sludge, were observed to possess a broad range of metabolic activities for mixtures of several classes of substrates of petroleum hydrocarbons, such as monoaromatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and n- and branched alkanes. Three of the best-growing bacterial isolates selectively enriched with these compounds were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as belonging to the genera Enterobacter and Ochrobactrum. Two of them, Enterobacter sp. strain EK3.1 and Ochrobactrum sp. strain EK6 utilise a hydrocarbon mixture of the branched alkane 2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane and the PAHs acenaphthylene and acenaphthene. Enterobacter sp. strain EK4 can grow with a mixture of 2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane, toluene, acenaphthylene and acenaphthene as carbon sources. Nucleic acid fingerprint analysis, by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) of the PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes, of the autochthonous bacterial community in contaminated soil samples showed complex and different community structures under different treatments of refinery waste sludge in landfarm areas. The characteristic peaks of the T-RFLP profiles of the individual, isolated degrading bacteria Enterobacter spp. and Ochrobactrum sp. were detected in the T-RFLP fingerprint of the bacterial community of the four months old treated landfarm soil, suggesting the enrichment of bacteria belonging to the same operational taxonomic units, as well as their importance in degrading activity. 相似文献
175.
Angéline?BertinEmail author Victor?H.?Ruíz Ricardo?Figueroa Nicolas?Gouin 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2012,99(3):225-232
Wildlife data often show spatial organization, demonstrating positive correlations either as a result of processes occurring
over the landscape or due to the influence of spatially structured environmental variables. It is, thus, essential to consider
non-random spatial structure when evaluating the underlying causes of biological variation. In this study, we analyzed the
population structure of Chilina dombeyana shell morphology of 14 populations that are close geographically and belong to the same hydrographic basin. We utilized a
variation partitioning approach to evaluate the importance of spatial processes, such as migration, acting over the landscape,
and environmental characteristics, including habitat and hydrologic characteristics, and the occurrence of aquatic predators
in promoting between population variation. Our results demonstrate spatially structured variation in C. dombeyana shell morphology, with populations living near each other having more similar shell sizes than populations living farther
apart. The shell size variation partition indicated that both spatially structured environmental factors and genetic relationships
resulting from migration or shared common ancestry may explain this pattern. Shell shape variation, in contrast, was found
to be essentially under the influence of non-spatially structured environmental factors, with habitat and water characteristics
accounting for about half of the total variation among populations. The large proportion of the variation in shell size that
is spatially structured demonstrates that spatial structure on morphological traits might be strong and highlights the need
to consider such phenomenon in intraspecific studies of phenotypic evolution. 相似文献
176.
Le Hoang-Anh Lambrechts Jonathan Ortleb Sigrun Gratiot Nicolas Deleersnijder Eric Soares-Frazão Sandra 《Environmental Fluid Mechanics》2020,20(4):923-951
Environmental Fluid Mechanics - The accurate simulation of wetting–drying processes in floodplains and coastal zones is a challenge for hydrodynamic modelling, especially for long time... 相似文献
177.
Use of halophytes in pilot-scale horizontal flow constructed wetland treating domestic wastewater 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Michael S. Fountoulakis Giorgos Daskalakis Akrivi Papadaki Nicolas Kalogerakis Thrassyvoulos Manios 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(20):16682-16689
Recent findings encourage the use of halophytes in constructed wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment due to their special physiological characteristics as the ability to accumulate heavy metals and salts in their tissues makes them ideal candidates for constructed wetland vegetation. In this particular study, we investigated the application of halophytic plants in a horizontal flow constructed wetland for domestic wastewater treatment purposes. The pilot plant which was situated in Crete (Greece) was planted with a polyculture of halophytes (Tamarix parviflora, Juncus acutus, Sarcocornia perrenis, and Limoniastrum monopetalum). The system’s performance was monitored for a period of 11 months during which it received primary treated wastewater from the local wastewater treatment plant. Results show that halophytes developed successfully in the constructed wetland and achieved organic matter and pathogen removal efficiencies comparable to those reported for reeds in previous works (63% and 1.6 log units, respectively). In addition, boron concentration in the effluent was reduced by 40% in comparison with the influent. Salinity as expressed by electrical conductivity did not change during the treatment, indicating that the accumulation of salts in the leaves is not able to overcome electrical conductivity increasing due to evapotranspiration. The results indicate an improvement in the treatment of domestic wastewater via the use of halophyte-planted CWs. 相似文献
178.
179.
Jean-Pierre Nicolas Damien David 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(5):1015-1020
The aim of this article is to analyse CO2 emissions caused by passenger transport in France: which socio-demographic groups travel, for what kinds of journey (local or long distance), how and why? Research focusing on the analysis of individual travel can improve the understanding of CO2 emissions by identifying upstream socio-economic factors, and also enable a better assessment of the potential social impact of measures introduced to limit greenhouse gases due to transport.Calculations are based on the latest French national transport survey (1994). Distances covered and CO2 emissions were estimated for each journey and for each surveyed individual. A socio-demographic characteristic typology was built and results were obtained through this analysis.If equity and accessibility issues are to be taken into account, planned policies cannot be of the same type if linked to mobility segments. An environmental tax system to limit CO2 emission increases appears appropriate for long-distance trips. Results are more varied for local journeys, which are often more of a necessity. Nevertheless, income brackets, and measures concerning urban planning or the growth of new car fleets, seem more pertinent. 相似文献
180.
Yasmine Souissi Said Kinani Stéphane Bouchonnet Sophie Bourcier Christian Malosse Michel Sablier Nicolas Creusot Enrico Mombelli Selim Aït-Aïssa 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(13):7818-7827
In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of UV-visible irradiation on the estrogenicity of an estrone aqueous solution by using chemical analysis associated with an in vitro bioassay and in silico analysis. An estrone aqueous solution was irradiated with an UV-visible high-pressure mercury lamp. By using the MELN in vitro cellular bioassay, based on the induction of a luciferase reporter gene upon the activation of the estrogen receptor by chemicals, we showed that the estrogenic potency of the solution increased after irradiation. High-performance liquid chromatography fractionation of the photolyzed solution followed by in vitro testing of fractions allowed the quantitation of the estrogenic potency of each fraction. Nine photoproducts were detected and characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry coupling. The observed estrogenic activity is mediated by mono- and multi-hydroxylated photoproducts; it is influenced by the position of hydroxyl groups on the steroidal skeleton. In addition, a structure-activity analysis of the hydroxylated photoproducts confirmed their ability to act as estrogen receptor ligands. 相似文献