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991.
Well water contaminated by acidic mine water from the Dabaoshan Mine, south China: chemistry and toxicity 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
An investigation into well water quality was carried out in a rural area subject to irrigation with acidic mine water from the Guangdong Dabaoshan Mine, southern China. The results of water pH measurements from 112 wells in two different seasons suggest that the well water has been contaminated to varying degrees in the investigated Shangba floodplain (approximately 11km south of the Guangdong Dabaoshan Mine). There is a trend that well water pH increased southwards, suggesting that the impacts of acidic irrigation water on groundwater decreased with increasing distance to the entry point of acidic irrigation water. Water quality monitoring results of the selected wells show that Cu and Cd in the water exceeded the limits set in the Chinese National Standards for Drinking Water (GB 5749-85) for the wells close to the irrigation water source. If the World Health Organization (WHO) standard was considered, Cd in some wells was almost 10 times as high as the WHO guideline value (0.003mg l(-1)). Water collected from the location closest to the acidic irrigation water source was acutely toxic to the test organism (Daphnia carinata) even after 51 time dilution. It is likely that the extremely high mortality rate of the local population reported for the study area is at least partly related to the high levels of heavy metals, particularly Cd in the drinking well water. 相似文献
992.
Ren Jilong Ma Hongjing Liu Ying Ruan Yunjie Wei Chenzheng Song Jing Wu Yinghai Han Rui 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(24):30807-30820
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Aerobic denitrifiers have the potential to reduce nitrate in polluted water under aerobic conditions. A salt-tolerant aerobic denitrifier was newly... 相似文献
993.
994.
卤素指周期表中第ⅦA族元素。由于卤素单质具有很高的化学活泼性,常常与活泼金属形成离子型盐,其中卤素是-1价阴离子。除氟外,卤素均显正氧化态(+1,+3,+5,+7),其化合物的键是极性共价键,其中最典型的是氯、溴、碘的含氧化合物和卤问化合物。在含氧化合物中常包含卤素与氧原子问的双键。 相似文献
995.
多孔水化硅酸钙的制备及其磷回收特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为实现磷资源的可持续利用,以环境废弃物电石渣为钙质材料,以白碳黑为硅质材料合成CSH(水化硅酸钙),以该材料为晶种,以结晶形成羟基磷灰石的形式从含磷废水中回收磷,重点研究了不同钙硅比〔c(CaO)/c(SiO2)〕条件下制备的CSH对含磷废水中磷的回收特性. 结果表明,钙硅比为1.8∶1时所得的CSH结构更疏松、表面分布有较多的孔隙, 较大的比表面积使其具有较好的溶钙能力. 钙硅比为1.8∶1的CSH最佳磷回收工艺条件:反应时间为60min,CSH投加量为4g/L,搅拌强度为40r/min. 在该条件下重复除磷15次以后,回收产物中w(P)达到17.56%,说明CSH具有良好的磷回收性能. 对回收磷前后的CSH进行了XRD图谱分析和FTIR分析发现,溶液中的磷主要生成了羟基磷灰石并嵌入到CSH中. 基于回收磷的目的,CSH可以用于处理ρ(P)较高的工业废水,或者是生物除磷系统中的污泥厌氧释磷液中,回收磷后的产品可作为含磷矿石或者磷肥加以利用. 相似文献
996.
氮沉降是当今倍受关注的全球性环境问题.采用大田试验和室内培养的方法,研究大豆种子萌发和幼苗生长对氮沉降的响应.实验设4组处理(CK、T1、T2、T3),所施氮肥为NH4NO3,在室内培养实验中,4组处理的浓度分别为0、0.08、0.16、0.24mol/L.大田实验中,4组处理的氮施入量分别为0,50,100,150 kg·hm-2·a-1.结果表明:过量氮沉降对种子萌发有一定的抑制作用,降低了种子的发芽速度和发芽率;抑制了幼苗的生长速度,降低了植株的株高、叶面积和生物量,并减小了根冠比;随着氮施入量的增加幼苗的蒸腾速率逐渐降低,但叶片叶绿素含量逐渐增加. 相似文献
997.
998.
Adsorption of Ammonium by Graphene Oxide-Based Composites Prepared by UV Irradiation and Using as Slow-Release Fertilizer 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chengyi Wu Xu Zhang Cong Li Chao Cheng Yin Zheng 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2018,26(12):4311-4320
A novel sodium alginate-grafted poly(acrylic acid)/graphene oxide (NaAlg-g-PAA/GO) composite hydrogel was prepared via ultraviolet irradiation, and characterized by infrared spectroscopy spectrometer. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It was employed to adsorb NH4+ from aqueous solution and used as slow-release nitrogen fertilizers (SNFs). Result indicated that the adsorption process for NH4+ reached equilibrium within 50 min, with the adsorption capacity of 6.6 mmol g?1 even if 30 wt% GO was incorporated. The results of adsorption kinetic and isotherm were well described by the pseudo-second-order and Freundlich model. The thermodynamics analysis showed the adsorption process was spontaneous. The study indicated excellent water-holding ratio of soil with 2 wt% SNFs was 81.2%, and nitrogen release was up to 55.1% within 40 days in soil. Overall, NaAlg-g-PAA/GO could be considered as an efficient adsorbent for the recovery of nitrogen with the agronomic reuse as a fertilizer. 相似文献
999.
1000.
Gong Peiyu Li Xiuzhen Wu Kunjun Shu Jianmin Cao Hongfa Institute of Zookogy Academia Sinica Beijing ChinaInstitute of Zookogy Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science Beijing China 《环境科学学报(英文版)》1990,(4)
This paper deals with effects of airborne fluorine on the army worm, Mythimna separata (Walker), by rearing the larvae on the wheat foliage exposed to HF or fumigating the larvae on the artificial diet with the pollutant. Larval relative growth rate (GR) and index of population trend of the insect reduced by 5% and 11%, respectively, when the larvae were reared on the foliage taken from the wheat plants exposed to 0.87 g·dm-2·day-1 of fluorine compared with those of the control. An extra instar appeared in a majority of the larvae treated. Survival rate and GR of the larvae on the wheat plant being exposure to the same concentration of fluorine in field open-top fumigation device were 40% and 15% lower than that of the control, respectively. Similar experiment with the insect on the artificial diet also showed that direct impact of the pollutant on the army worm was greater than its indirect effect via their host plant. 相似文献