Ecotoxicological risk assessment for sediments of Çavuşlu stream in Giresun,Turkey: association between garbage disposal facility and metallic accumulation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The objective of this paper was to stress the possible potential toxic element (PTE) accumulation in the surface sediments of the Çavu?lu...     

Assessing Habitat Suitability for Native and Alien Freshwater Mussels in the River Waal (the Netherlands), Using Hydroacoustics and Species Sensitivity Distributions

Environmental Modeling & Assessment - Longitudinal training dams (LTDs) in the river Waal are novel river training structures that protect the littoral zone from the adverse effects of...     

Short rotation coppice for revaluation of contaminated land.

When dealing with large-scale environmental contamination, as following the Chernobyl accident, changed land use such that the products of the land are radiologically acceptable and sustain an economic return from the land is a potentially sustainable remediation option. In this paper, willow short rotation coppice (SRC) is evaluated on radiological, technical and economic grounds for W. European and Belarus site conditions. Radiocaesium uptake was studied in a newly established and existing SRC. Only for light-texture soils with low soil potassium should cultivation be restricted to soils with contamination levels below 100-370 kBq m-2 given the TFs on these soils (5 x 10(-4) and 2 x 10(-3) m2 kg-1) and considering the Belarus exemption limit for firewood (740 Bq kg-1). In the case of high wood contamination levels (> 1000 Bq kg-1), power plant personnel working in the vicinity of ash conveyers should be subjected to radiation protection measures. For appropriate soil conditions, potential SRC yields are high. In Belarus, most soils are sandy with a low water retention, for which yield estimates are too low to make production profitable without irrigation. The economic viability should be thoroughly calculated for the prevailing conditions. In W. Europe, SRC production or conversion is not profitable without price incentives. For Belarus, the profitability of SRC on the production side largely depends on crop yield and price of the delivered bio-fuel. Large-scale heat conversion systems seem the most profitable and revenue may be considerable. Electricity routes are usually unprofitable. It could be concluded that energy production from SRC is potentially a radiologically and economically sustainable land use option for contaminated agricultural land.     

Preparation of polymeric biosurfactant containing sugar and fatty acid esters

Vinyl sugar ester, 6-O-vinyladipoyl-d-glucose (VAG), was polymerized with vinyl fatty acid esters in dimethylformamide (DMF) with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) to produce new amphiphilic polymers having branches of sugar and fatty acid esters. The influence of structural variations by changing the length of the alkyl chain of fatty acid moiety was examined by measurements of the surface tension and biodegradability.     

An engineering model for countercurrent flow under wind-induced waves and current

A general model for the phase-averaged velocity field in wind-induced countercurrent flow is proposed. The influence of waves on the time-averaged velocity is accounted for by introducing a skewness factor in a parabolic eddy viscosity model. The skewness factor represents the net effect of the wavy surface in the engineering model for velocity. The coherent velocity components are described separately by an orbital velocity obtained from linear wave theory and are added to the time-averaged components to give a complete model for the phase-averaged velocity field. The proposed model collapses to the standard model for deep-water conditions, but is also shown to yield the correct behavior for intermediate conditions. Moreover, the bed shear stress, derived from the proposed velocity model, is also shown to be in agreement with experiments.     

活性炭吸附和脱附-等离子体氧化净化有机废气的研究

根据滑动弧放电等离子体适于降解高浓度有机物废气的特性,结合活性炭吸附法,提出了吸附器的吸附浓缩和热脱附-等离子体氧化净化有机废气的方法。在活性炭吸附过程中,最初2 h内甲苯净化率达到100%,随着时间的增加净化率下降;在热脱附滑动弧放电等离子体净化过程中,甲苯降解效率最高为97.3%。将滑动弧放电等离子体反应器出口气相产物收集进行FT-IR检测,发现放电后有CO2、CO、H2O和NO2产生,并分析了甲苯的降解机理。     

Comparing the impacts of hiking, skiing and horse riding on trail and vegetation in different types of forest

Nature-based tourism in protected areas has increased and diversified dramatically during the last decades. Different recreational activities have a range of impacts on natural environments. This paper reports results from a comparison of the impacts of hiking, cross-country skiing and horse riding on trail characteristics and vegetation in northern Finland. Widths and depths of existing trails, and vegetation on trails and in the neighbouring forests were monitored in two research sites during 2001 and 2002. Trail characteristics and vegetation were clearly related to the recreational activity, research site and forest type. Horse trails were as deep as hiking trails, even though the annual number of users was 150-fold higher on the hiking trails. Simultaneously, cross-country skiing had the least effect on trails due to the protective snow cover during winter. Hiking trail plots had little or no vegetation cover, horse riding trail plots had lower vegetation cover than forest plots, while skiing had no impact on total vegetation cover. On the other hand, on horse riding trails there were more forbs and grasses, many of which did not grow naturally in the forest. These species that were limited to riding trails may change the structure of adjacent plant communities in the long run. Therefore, the type of activities undertaken and the sensitivity of habitats to these activities should be a major consideration in the planning and management of nature-based tourism. Establishment of artificial structures, such as stairs, duckboards and trail cover, or complete closure of the site, may be the only way to protect the most sensitive or deteriorated sites.     

Who's in and why? A typology of stakeholder analysis methods for natural resource management

Stakeholder analysis means many things to different people. Various methods and approaches have been developed in different fields for different purposes, leading to confusion over the concept and practice of stakeholder analysis. This paper asks how and why stakeholder analysis should be conducted for participatory natural resource management research. This is achieved by reviewing the development of stakeholder analysis in business management, development and natural resource management. The normative and instrumental theoretical basis for stakeholder analysis is discussed, and a stakeholder analysis typology is proposed. This consists of methods for: i) identifying stakeholders; ii) differentiating between and categorising stakeholders; and iii) investigating relationships between stakeholders. The range of methods that can be used to carry out each type of analysis is reviewed. These methods and approaches are then illustrated through a series of case studies funded through the Rural Economy and Land Use (RELU) programme. These case studies show the wide range of participatory and non-participatory methods that can be used, and discuss some of the challenges and limitations of existing methods for stakeholder analysis. The case studies also propose new tools and combinations of methods that can more effectively identify and categorise stakeholders and help understand their inter-relationships.     

基于机器学习的大气PM2.5中金属浓度预测模型的研究

基于2013—2018年哈尔滨市气象数据、大气污染物数据和细颗粒物（PM_2.5）中金属成分数据,采用机器学习方法探索大气PM_2.5中金属浓度预测模型,并选择最优模型进行污染物浓度预测。结果表明,多元线性回归（MLR）、人工神经网络（BP-ANN）、支持向量机（SVM）和随机森林（RF）4种模型中,RF对大气PM_2.5中5种金属［锑（Sb）、砷（As）、铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）、铊（Tl）］的浓度预测效果最佳,在训练集和测试集中表现均较稳定,其中相关系数（r）均＞0.7, 平均绝对误差（MAE）和均方根误差（RMSE）数值较小。RF在大气PM_2.5中金属浓度预测上具有较好的表现,可在缺乏监测和实验数据的情况下,实现对大气颗粒物中金属浓度的快速预测,为全面了解颗粒物中金属污染特征提供数据基础。