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181.
Baharuddin MR Sahid IB Noor MA Sulaiman N Othman F 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2011,46(7):600-607
A cross-section analytical study was conducted to evaluate the risk of pesticide exposure to those applying the Class II pesticides 2,4-D and paraquat in the paddy-growing areas of Kerian, Perak, Malaysia. It investigated the influence of weather on exposure as well as documented health problems commonly related to pesticide exposure. Potential inhalation and dermal exposure for 140 paddy farmers (handlers of pesticides) were assessed. Results showed that while temperature and humidity affected exposure, windspeed had the strongest impact on pesticide exposure via inhalation. However, the degree of exposure to both herbicides via inhalation was below the permissible exposure limits set by United States National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Dermal Exposure Assessment Method (DREAM) readings showed that dermal exposure with manual spraying ranged from moderate to high. With motorized sprayers, however, the level of dermal exposure ranged from low to moderate. Dermal exposure was significantly negatively correlated with the usage of protective clothing. Various types of deleterious health effects were detected among users of manual knapsack sprayers. Long-term spraying activities were positively correlated with increasing levels of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) liver enzyme. The type of spraying equipment, usage of proper protective clothing and adherence to correct spraying practices were found to be the most important factors influencing the degree of pesticide exposure among those applying pesticides. 相似文献
182.
Nur Ili Hamizah Mustaffa Mohd Talib Latif Masni Mohd Ali Md Firoz Khan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(10):6590-6602
This study aims to determine the source apportionment of surfactants in marine aerosols at two selected stations along the Malacca Straits. The aerosol samples were collected using a high volume sampler equipped with an impactor to separate coarse- and fine-mode aerosols. The concentrations of surfactants, as methylene blue active substance and disulphine blue active substance, were analysed using colorimetric method. Ion chromatography was employed to determine the ionic compositions. Principal component analysis combined with multiple linear regression was used to identify and quantify the sources of atmospheric surfactants. The results showed that the surfactants in tropical coastal environments are actively generated from natural and anthropogenic origins. Sea spray (generated from sea-surface microlayers) was found to be a major contributor to surfactants in both aerosol sizes. Meanwhile, the anthropogenic sources (motor vehicles/biomass burning) were predominant contributors to atmospheric surfactants in fine-mode aerosols. 相似文献
183.
Rabiu Zainab Hamzah Mohd Amir Asyraf Mohd Hasham Rosnani Zakaria Zainul Akmar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(30):40535-40543
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Pyroligneous acid (PA) obtained from slow pyrolysis of palm kernel shell (PKS) has high total phenolic contents and exhibits various biological... 相似文献
184.
Kusin Faradiella Mohd Sulong Nur Aqilah Affandi Fatin Nur Atirah Molahid Verma Loretta M. Jusop Shamshuddin 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(3):2678-2695
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Land exploitation for mining sector may leave a series of environmental impacts on our ecosystem if not appropriately managed. Therefore, the present... 相似文献
185.
Lim Hwee San Rajab Jasim Al-Salihi Ali Salih Zainab MatJafri Mohd. Zubir 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(7):9755-9765
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Air surface temperature (AST) is a crucial importance element for many applications such as hydrology, agriculture, and climate change studies. The... 相似文献
186.
Biomonitoring of multi-element atmospheric deposition using terrestrial moss is a well-established technique in Europe. Although
the technique is widely known, there were very limited records of using this technique to study atmospheric air pollution
in Malaysia. In this present study, the deposition of 11 trace metals surrounding the main petroleum refinery plant in Kerteh
Terengganu (eastern part of peninsular Malaysia) has been evaluated using two local moss species, namely Hypnum plumaeforme and Taxithelium instratum as bioindicators. The study was also done by means of observing whether these metals are attributed to work related to oil
exploration in this area. The moss samples have been collected at 30 sampling stations in the vicinity of the petrochemical
industrial area covering up to 15 km to the south, north, and west in radius. The contents of heavy metal in moss samples
were analyzed by energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence technique. Distribution of heavy metal content in all mosses is portrayed
using Surfer software. Areas of the highest level of contaminations are highlighted. The results obtained using the principal
components analysis revealed that the elements can be grouped into three different components that indirectly reflected three
different sources namely anthropogenic factor, vegetation factor, and natural sources (soil dust or substrate) factor. Heavy
metals deposited mostly in the distance after 9 km onward to the western part (the average direction of wind blow). V, Cr,
Cu, and Hg are believed to have originated from local petrochemical-based industries operated around petroleum industrial
area. 相似文献
187.
Emad S.M.Ameen Abdullrahim Mohd Yusoff Mohd Razman Salim Azmi Aris Aznah Nor Anuar 《应用与环境生物学报》2013,(1):184-188
In this research,the treatability of solids from sanitary landfill leachate by microfiltration membrane was investigated and the fouling of the membrane was carefully studied.Continuous microfiltration process was carried out for 21 h in experimental system involved coagulation with Moringa oleifera followed by filtration using submerged hollow fibre microfiltration membrane (MFM).Coagulation with M.Oleifera,air diffusers and back flush technique were used for preventing or alleviating fouling of the membrane.The hollow fibre MFM showed high removals of 98%,91% and 99% for turbidity,colour and total suspended solids respectively.It was obtained at the beginning of the filtration.However,quality of the filtrate rapidly declined during the filtration process.Fouling was found to proceed according to the classical cake filtration model.Coagulation with M.Oleifera as well as the back-flush technique could not fully restore the deterioration occurred to the membrane. 相似文献
188.
W.?L.?Tham B.?T.?Poh Z.?A.?Mohd Ishak W.?S.?ChowEmail author 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2015,23(2):242-250
Poly(lactic acid)/halloysite nanoclay composites (PLA/HNC) containing maleic anhydride grafted styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene (SEBS-g-MAH) were produced using melt compounding followed by compression molding. The effects of hygrothermal aging on the thermal properties and functional groups changes of the HNC reinforced PLA (with and without SEBS-g-MAH) at three different temperatures (i.e., 30, 40 and 50 °C) were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. The diffusion coefficient (D) of PLA was decreased by the incorporation of HNC and SEBS-g-MAH. The activation energy of water diffusion (E a ) of PLA/HNC/SEBS-g-MAH nanocomposites was higher than that of pure PLA. The glass transition temperature (T g ), cold-crystallization temperature (T cc ) and melting temperature (T m ) of the PLA sample were shifted to lower temperature and the effect was more pronounced at 50 °C. The carbonyl index values of all PLA samples increased after immersed in 40 and 50 °C, which is due to the formation of higher amount of carboxyl groups during the hydrolysis process. 相似文献
189.
190.
A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) seeded with flocculated sludge and fed with synthetic wastewater was operated for an enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process. Eight weeks after reactor startup, sludge granules were observed. The granules had a diameter of 0.5 to 3.0 mm and were brownish in color and spherical or ellipsoidal in shape. No significant change was observed in sludge granule size when operational pH was changed from 7 to 8. The 208-day continuous operation of the SBR showed that sludge granules were stably maintained with a sludge volume index (SVI) between 30 to 55 mL/g while securing a removal efficiency of 83% for carbon and 97% for phosphorus. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) confirmed the enrichment of polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) in the SBR. The observations of sludge granulation in this study encourage further studies in the development of granules-based EBPR process. 相似文献