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91.
Tiago José Pereira Gustavo Fonseca Manuel Mundo-Ocampo Betânia Cristina Guilherme Axayácatl Rocha-Olivares 《Marine Biology》2010,157(8):1665-1678
We used morphological and molecular approaches to evaluate the diversity of free-living marine nematodes (order Enoplida)
at four coastal sites in the Gulf of California and three on the Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico. We identified 22
morphological species belonging to six families, of which Thoracostomopsidae and Oncholaimidae were the most diverse. The
genus Mesacanthion (Thoracostomopsidae) was the most widespread and diverse. Five allopatric species, genetically and morphologically differentiated,
were found in two localities in the Gulf of California (M. sp1 and M. sp2) and three in the Pacific coast (M. sp3, M. sp4 and M. sp5). Overall, we produced 19 and 20 sequences for the 18S and 28S genes, respectively. Neither gene displayed intraspecific
polymorphisms, which allowed us to establish that some morphological variation was likely either ontogenetic or due to phenotypic
plasticity. Although 18S and 28S phylogenies were topologically congruent (incongruence length difference test, P > 0.05), divergences between species were much higher in the 28S gene. Moreover, this gene possessed a stronger phylogenetic
signal to resolve relationships involving Rhabdodemania and Bathylaimus. On the other hand, the close relationship of Pareurystomina (Enchilidiidae) with oncholaimids warrants further study. The 28S sequences (D2D3 domain) may be better suited for DNA barcoding
of marine nematodes than those from the 18S rDNA, particularly for differentiating closely related or cryptic species. Finally,
our results underline the relevance of adopting an integrative approach encompassing morphological and molecular analyses
to improve the assessment of marine nematode diversity and advance their taxonomy. 相似文献
92.
Fernandes Rafaella F. Alves Gustavo A. S. Gonçalves Renato V. Temperini Marcia L. A. 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2021,29(10):3105-3115
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Polymer fractions from a biological matrix have been well-characterized by vibrational spectroscopy, XPS, CP/MAS 13C NMR, MALDI-TOF mass... 相似文献
93.
Evaluation of biostimulation and Tween 80 addition for the bioremediation of long-term DDT-contaminated soil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The bioremediation of a long-term contaminated soil through biostimulation and surfactant addition was evaluated. The concentrations of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT) and its metabolites 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDD) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethylene (DDE) were monitored during an 8-week remediation process. Physicochemical characterization of the treated soil was performed before and after the bioremediation process. The isolation and identification of predominant microorganisms during the remediation process were also carried out. The efficiency of detoxification was evaluated after each bioremediation protocol. Humidity and pH and the heterotrophic microorganism count were monitored weekly. The DDT concentration was reduced by 79% after 8 weeks via biostimulation with surfactant addition (B + S) and 94.3% via biostimulation alone (B). Likewise, the concentrations of the metabolites DDE and DDD were reduced to levels below the quantification limits. The microorganisms isolated during bioremediation were identified as Bacillus thuringiensis, Flavobacterium sp., Cuprivadius sp., Variovorax soli, Phenylobacterium sp. and Lysobacter sp., among others. Analysis with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allowed visualization of the colonization patterns of soil particles. The toxicity of the soil before and after bioremediation was evaluated using Vibrio fischeri as a bioluminescent sensor. A decrease in the toxic potential of the soil was verified by the increase of the concentration/effect relationship EC50 to 26.9% and 27.2% for B + S and B, respectively, compared to 0.4% obtained for the soil before treatment and 2.5% by natural attenuation after 8 weeks of treatment. 相似文献
94.
Bibiana Betancur-Corredor Nancy J.Pino Santiago Cardona Gustavo A.Peuela 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015,28(2):101-109
The bioremediation of a long-term contaminated soil through biostimulation and surfactant addition was evaluated. The concentrations of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane(DDT) and its metabolites 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethane(DDD) and1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl) ethylene(DDE) were monitored during an 8-week remediation process. Physicochemical characterization of the treated soil was performed before and after the bioremediation process. The isolation and identification of predominant microorganisms during the remediation process were also carried out. The efficiency of detoxification was evaluated after each bioremediation protocol. Humidity and p H and the heterotrophic microorganism count were monitored weekly. The DDT concentration was reduced by 79% after 8 weeks via biostimulation with surfactant addition(B + S) and 94.3%via biostimulation alone(B). Likewise, the concentrations of the metabolites DDE and DDD were reduced to levels below the quantification limits. The microorganisms isolated during bioremediation were identified as Bacillus thuringiensis, Flavobacterium sp., Cuprivadius sp.,Variovorax soli, Phenylobacterium sp. and Lysobacter sp., among others. Analysis with scanning electron microscopy(SEM) allowed visualization of the colonization patterns of soil particles. The toxicity of the soil before and after bioremediation was evaluated using Vibrio fischeri as a bioluminescent sensor. A decrease in the toxic potential of the soil was verified by the increase of the concentration/effect relationship EC50 to 26.9% and 27.2% for B + S and B, respectively, compared to 0.4% obtained for the soil before treatment and 2.5%by natural attenuation after 8 weeks of treatment. 相似文献
95.
Trait-mediated effects on flowers: artificial spiders deceive pollinators and decrease plant fitness 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Although predators can affect foraging behaviors of floral visitors, rarely is it known if these top-down effects of predators may cascade to plant fitness through trait-mediated interactions. In this study we manipulated artificial crab spiders on flowers of Rubus rosifolius to test the effects of predation risk on flower-visiting insects and strength of trait-mediated indirect effects to plant fitness. In addition, we tested which predator traits (e.g., forelimbs, abdomen) are recognized and avoided by pollinators. Total visitation rate was higher for control flowers than for flowers with an artificial crab spider. In addition, flowers with a sphere (simulating a spider abdomen) were more frequently visited than those with forelimbs or the entire spider model. Furthermore, the presence of artificial spiders decreased individual seed set by 42% and fruit biomass by 50%. Our findings indicate that pollinators, mostly bees, recognize and avoid flowers with predation risk; forelimbs seem to be the predator trait recognized and avoided by hymenopterans. Additionally, predator avoidance by pollinators resulted in pollen limitation, thereby affecting some components of plant fitness (fruit biomass and seed number). Because most pollinator species that recognized predation risk visited many other plant species, trait-mediated indirect effects of spiders cascading down to plant fitness may be a common phenomenon in the Atlantic rainforest ecosystem. 相似文献
96.
Monje Dany S. Mercado D. Fabio Mesa Gustavo A. Peñuela Valencia Gloria Cristina 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(2):3070-3087
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Two carbon dots (CD) with diameters of 4.9?±?1.5 and 4.1?±?1.2 nm were successfully synthesized through an... 相似文献
97.
Teixeira Matheus Cesar Ricardo Abessa Denis Siqueira Celeste Lourenço Rodrigo Vezzone Mariana Fernandes Yan Koifman Gustavo Perina Fernando Cesar Meigikos dos Anjos Roberto Polivanov Helena Castilhos Zuleica 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(1):184-200
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Urban tropical lagoons are often impacted by eutrophication, metal, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination, but the toxicity of their... 相似文献
98.
Gomes Marinna Lopes F. Prado Dayanne de Oliveira Correia Tamires Partélli Lyra Gustavo Bastos de Araújo Emanuel José Gomes Graham James Jim 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2021,23(10):14436-14452
Environment, Development and Sustainability - In state of Rio de Janeiro, the Southeast Region of Brazil, 97.91% of the reforested areas contain exclusively species of Pinus and Eucalyptus. Due to... 相似文献
99.
Juan Arteaga Pablo Ochoa Andreas Fries Jan Boll 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2020,56(2):270-282
Integrated watershed management (IWM) is a priority, especially in semiarid regions that are concurrently affected by population growth, land use change, soil erosion, and poor governance. In developing countries, IWM is often done without any support tool, scientific data, or deep knowledge of territory characteristics. The aim of this study was to present a case study to apply a decision support tool to prioritize areas for territory management. A simple, quantitative multi‐criteria analysis was applied in a semiarid basin of the Ecuadorian Andes to identify the zones of greatest concern for implementation of resource conservation and management practices at a local and regional scale. In addition to describing the current state of the conditions of this basin, our results suggest scenarios of change in relation to official population projections based on spatial analysis of land use change. Analysis resulted in a scattered distribution of priority values within the watershed, so a hierarchical rule was incorporated to define priorities at the subwatershed (SW) scale. Our analysis identified four SW of very high priority and urgent need to implement management practices. Based on projections of future change due to population growth and land cover change, the number of subbasins that require more attention was doubled. Finally, this study includes zones for management or conservation of the land, according to the Sustainable Development Goals. 相似文献
100.
Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment for Organic Compounds: Fuzzy Multicriteria Approach for Mexico City 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mazari-Hiriart M Cruz-Bello G Bojórquez-Tapia LA Juárez-Marusich L Alcantar-López G Marín LE Soto-Galera E 《Environmental management》2006,37(3):410-421
This study was based on a groundwater vulnerability assessment approach implemented for the Mexico City Metropolitan Area
(MCMA). The approach is based on a fuzzy multicriteria procedure integrated in a geographic information system. The approach
combined the potential contaminant sources with the permeability of geological materials. Initially, contaminant sources were
ranked by experts through the Analytic Hierarchy Process. An aggregated contaminant sources map layer was obtained through
the simple additive weighting method, using a scalar multiplication of criteria weights and binary maps showing the location
of each source. A permeability map layer was obtained through the reclassification of a geology map using the respective hydraulic
conductivity values, followed by a linear normalization of these values against a compatible scale. A fuzzy logic procedure
was then applied to transform and combine the two map layers, resulting in a groundwater vulnerability map layer of five classes:
very low, low, moderate, high, and very high. Results provided a more coherent assessment of the policy-making priorities
considered when discussing the vulnerability of groundwater to organic compounds. The very high and high vulnerability areas
covered a relatively small area (71 km2 or 1.5% of the total study area), allowing the identification of the more critical locations. The advantage of a fuzzy logic
procedure is that it enables the best possible use to be made of the information available regarding groundwater vulnerability
in the MCMA. 相似文献