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151.
Eva Gorrochategui Josefina Casas Elisabet Pérez-Albaladejo Olga Jáuregui Cinta Porte Sílvia Lacorte 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(20):11907-11916
The aim of this study was to develop a method based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) for lipid profiling in human placental choriocarcinoma (JEG-3) cells. Lipids were solid–liquid extracted from JEG-3 cells using a solution of chloroform/methanol (2:1, v/v) in a simple procedure requiring minimal sample alteration. Simultaneous separation of complex lipid mixtures in their major classes was achieved with a reversed-phase (C8) UHPLC column and a mobile phase containing methanol with 1 mM ammonium formate and 0.2 % formic acid (A)/water with 2 mM ammonium formate and 0.2 % formic acid (B). Lipids were characterized using time-of-flight (TOF) and Orbitrap under full scan and positive electrospray ionization mode with both analyzers. A total of 178 species of lipids, including 37 phosphatidylcholines (PC), 32 plasmalogen PC, 9 lyso PC, 4 lyso plasmalogen PC, 30 triacylglycerols, 22 diacylglycerols, 7 cholesterol esters, 25 phosphatidylethanolamines, and 12 sphingomyelins, were identified using TOF and Orbitrap. The identification of all lipid classes was based on exact mass characterization with an error < 5 ppm. The developed methodology was applied to study lipid alterations in human placental cells against the exposure to perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) and tributyltin (TBT). 相似文献
152.
The effect of copper ions on the lipid composition of subcellular membranes in Hydrilla verticillata
The paper studies changes in the content and composition of lipids in the membranes of chloroplasts, mitochondria and microsomes of the aquatic plant Hydrilla verticillata exposed to copper ions (100 μM; 1, 3, 6 and 24 h). The rate of copper accumulation and the coefficient of its extraction by the plant were also determined. The presence of copper in the incubation medium and its accumulation in the plant tissues decreased the content of photosynthetic pigments, stimulated lipid peroxidation and enhanced membrane permeability. The gradual accumulation of copper in the plant tissues was accompanied by specific changes in the composition of lipids: the content of sulfolipids (SQDG) in chloroplasts declined; the content of monogalactosyl diacylglycerols (MGDG), digalactosyl diacylglycerols (DGDG) and phosphatidyl glycerols (PG) in chloroplasts and mitochondria grew after an hour of copper exposure; and the content of all the lipids except phosphatidic acids (PA) decreased after 3 h of exposure. The decline in the content of phosphatidyl cholines (PC) was first observed in the membranes of microsomes (after an hour of exposure) and later in the membranes of chloroplasts and mitochondria (after 3-6 h of exposure). The experiments with incorporation of [2-14C]sodium acetate into fatty acids of polar lipids showed that in parallel with lipid destruction, there took place an intensive and specific renewal of the lipid pool of subcellular membrane fractions. 相似文献
153.
Jana Moldanová Erik Fridell Olga Popovicheva Benjamin Demirdjian Victoria Tishkova Alessandro Faccinetto Cristian Focsa 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(16):2632-2641
Composition of exhaust from a ship diesel engine using heavy fuel oil (HFO) was investigated onboard a large cargo vessel. The emitted particulate matter (PM) properties related to environmental and health impacts were investigated along with composition of the gas-phase emissions. Mass, size distribution, chemical composition and microphysical structure of the PM were investigated. The emission factor for PM was 5.3 g (kg fuel)?1. The mass size distribution showed a bimodal shape with two maxima: one in the accumulation mode with mean particle diameter DP around 0.5 μm and one in the coarse mode at DP around 7 μm. The PM composition was dominated by organic carbon (OC), ash and sulphate while the elemental carbon (EC) composed only a few percent of the total PM. Increase of the PM in exhaust upon cooling was associated with increase of OC and sulphate. Laser analysis of the adsorbed phase in the cooled exhaust showed presence of a rich mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) species with molecular mass 178–300 amu while PM collected in the hot exhaust showed only four PAH masses.Microstructure and elemental analysis of ship combustion residuals indicate three distinct morphological structures with different chemical composition: soot aggregates, significantly metal polluted; char particles, clean or containing minerals; mineral and/or ash particles. Additionally, organic carbon particles of unburned fuel or/and lubricating oil origin were observed. Hazardous constituents from the combustion of heavy fuel oil such as transitional and alkali earth metals (V, Ni, Ca, Fe) were observed in the PM samples.Measurements of gaseous composition in the exhaust of this particular ship showed emission factors that are on the low side of the interval of global emission factors published in literature for NOx, hydrocarbons (HC) and CO. 相似文献
154.
Roger A. Petry Zinaida Fadeeva Olga Fadeeva Helen Hassl?f ?sa Hellstr?m Jos Hermans Yoko Mochizuki Kerstin Sonesson 《Sustainability Science》2011,6(1):83-96
This paper examines how education for sustainable development (ESD) can be concretely advanced using the theoretical approaches
of sustainable consumption and production (SCP) and sustainable livelihoods (SL). Five case examples illustrate a diverse
set of strategic educational interventions focusing on: (1) education of specific organizational actors about these theoretical
frameworks illustrated with case examples (such as SCP training by the United Nations University Institute of Advanced Studies
[UNU-IAS] and CSR-Asia of government and business representatives), (2) regional education strategies focused on production
and consumption in specific sectors (such as the food sector in Sk?ne, Sweden), (3) social learning directed at innovation
for sustainable development (such as competitions of solar boats developed by universities in the region of Friesland, the
Netherlands), (4) education of consumers and firms made possible by the adoption of certification systems affirming SCP and
SL (such as Cradle-to-Cradle certification of a paper company in the Netherlands or the establishment of Fair Trade cities
in Sweden), or (5) reorienting communities to address underutilized productive physical capital within communities (such as
the sharing productive capital project in rural areas of Saskatchewan, Canada). The cases are drawn from the projects that
the UNU-IAS, four of its regional centers of expertise (RCE) on ESD and other affiliates have conducted. In addition to documenting
the educational processes emerging from specific regions, the paper highlights findings related to the success of these projects
and opportunities for further research, including regional and inter-regional approaches. 相似文献
155.
Dichomitus squalens efficiently decolorized both Orange G and Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) at concentrations of 0.5gl(-1) and 3gl(-1) in static and shaken culture and also on solid medium within 14d. The presence of the dyes in the culture medium mostly caused a decrease in biomass production and in growth rate, which was more significant in the case of RBBR. After 14d of cultivation, electron microscopy showed substantial morphological changes in mycelia of D. squalens growing in media containing dyes. The hyphae deformations were more intensively manifested in solid media than in liquid culture. In all the cases, the morphological changes were more prominent in the presence of RBBR. Higher concentrations of both dyes brought about more intensive changes. The toxicity of synthetic dyes Orange G and RBBR was tested using a bioassay based on the growth inhibition of duckweed Lemna minor. Two endpoints such as the number of fronds and their weight were studied during the bioassay. The results showed higher toxicity of RBBR than that of Orange G. The toxicity of both dyes decreased after the decolorization process. 相似文献
156.
Physiological and biochemical characteristic of Miscanthus × giganteus grown in heavy metal – oil sludge co-contaminated soil
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Anna Muratov Yelena Lyubun Irina Sungurtsev Olga Turkovskay Asil Nurzhanova 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(5):114-125
The effect of oil sludge and zinc, present in soil both separately and as a mixture on the physiological and biochemical parameters of Miscanthus × giganteus plant was examined in a pot experiment. The opposite effect of pollutants on the accumulation of plant biomass was established: in comparison with uncontaminated control the oil sludge increased, and Zn reduced the root and shoot biomass. Oil sludge had an inhibitory effect on the plant photosynthetic apparatus, which intensified in the presence of Zn. The specific antioxidant response of M. × giganteus to the presence of both pollutants was a marked increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase (mostly owing to oil sludge) and glutathione-S-transferase (mostly owing to zinc) in the shoots. The participation of glutathione-S-transferase in the detoxification of both the organic and the inorganic pollutants was assumed. Zn inhibited the activity of laccase-like oxidase, whereas oil sludge promoted laccase and ascorbate oxidase activities. This finding suggests that these enzymes play a part in the oxidative detoxification of the organic pollutаnt. With both pollutants used jointly, Zn accumulation in the roots increased 6-fold, leading to increase in the efficiency of soil clean-up from the metal. In turn, Zn did not significantly affect the soil clean-up from oil sludge. This study shows for the first time the effect of co-contamination of soil with oil sludge and Zn on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the bioenergetic plant M. × giganteus. The data obtained are important for understanding the mechanisms of phytoremediation with this plant. 相似文献
157.
Roumak Vladimir S. Popov Vladimir S. Shelepchikov Andrey A. Osipova Olga V. Umnova Nataliya V. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(35):52796-52805
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Differences in PCDD/Fs concentrations were registered among adult bank voles (Myodes glareolus) inhabiting forest in the vicinity of the Landfill... 相似文献