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排序方式: 共有157条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Olga V. Polyakova Dmitry M. Mazur Albert T. Lebedev 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2014,12(3):419-427
Mass spectrometry is a major tool for analysing organic pollutants. However, scientists often complain about laborious sample preparation. The development of new commercial high-resolution mass spectrometers gives a chance to improve simultaneously speed, reliability, and sensitivity of the analysis. Here, we used the time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometer Pegasus GC-HRT to identify and quantify 55 priority organic pollutants in water samples. This mass spectrometer has a high resolution of 50,000, a high mass accuracy of about 1 ppm and a very high acquisition rate of up to 200 full mass range spectra per second. 1 mL water samples were extracted with 1 mL dichloromethane. Results show that the sample preparation and analysis are achieved 30 times faster, requiring 1,000 times less water and 350 times less solvent than the classic 8270 method of the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The detection limit is 1 μg/L. The quantification limit is 10 μg/L. Our procedure, named accelerated water sample preparation, is simpler, faster, cheaper, safer and more reliable than 8270 Method. 相似文献
52.
Patoucheas Pierros Koukousioura Olga Psarra Stella Aligizaki Katerina Dimiza Margarita D. Skampa Elisavet Michailidis Ioannis Nomikou Paraskevi Triantaphyllou Maria V. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(26):33854-33865
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Phytoplankton community was investigated during two contrasting periods using offshore plankton samples in the volcanic area of Methana peninsula... 相似文献
53.
Monitoring of Cr, Cu, Pb, V and Zn in polluted soils by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Dell'Aglio M Gaudiuso R Senesi GS De Giacomo A Zaccone C Miano TM De Pascale O 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(5):1422-1426
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is a fast and multi-elemental analytical technique particularly suitable for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of heavy metals in solid samples, including environmental ones. Although LIBS is often recognised in the literature as a well-established analytical technique, results about quantitative analysis of elements in chemically complex matrices such as soils are quite contrasting. In this work, soil samples of various origins have been analyzed by LIBS and data compared to those obtained by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The emission intensities of one selected line for each of the five analytes (i.e., Cr, Cu, Pb, V, and Zn) were normalized to the background signal, and plotted as a function of the concentration values previously determined by ICP-OES. Data showed a good linearity for all calibration lines drawn, and the correlation between ICP-OES and LIBS was confirmed by the satisfactory agreement obtained between the corresponding values. Consequently, LIBS method can be used at least for metal monitoring in soils. In this respect, a simple method for the estimation of the soil pollution degree by heavy metals, based on the determination of an anthropogenic index, was proposed and determined for Cr and Zn. 相似文献
54.
Olga V. Polyakova Dmitry M. Mazur Viatcheslav B. Artaev Albert T. Lebedev 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2016,14(2):251-257
Mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for the analysis of organic pollutants in the environment. Nevertheless, sample preparation for GC/MS analysis is often criticized for being too laborious and requiring expensive equipment. Thus, purge-and-trap or headspace devices are the most popular nowadays to investigate volatile organic pollutants. At the same time, modern commercial high-resolution mass spectrometers allow for the significant simplification of the sample preparation procedures due to better acquisition rate, accurate mass measurements, and improved sensitivity. Here, we used a time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometer Pegasus GC-HRT (LECO, USA) to identify and quantify 47 volatile priority organic pollutants in water. The developed accelerated water sample preparation approach requires just 1 mL of water and 1 mL of dichloromethane. The detection limits of the analytes are about 1 μg L?1, while the quantification limits are approximately 5 μg L?1. These limits correspond to those required by Method 8260C of the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Here, we demonstrate that sample preparation for the reliable and sensitive GC/MS analysis of volatile organic priority pollutants may be achieved in 5 min in 5-mL vials in the field or just prior to GC/MS analysis in the laboratory without the use of any expensive equipment. 相似文献
55.
Mary W. Downton Rebecca E. Morss Olga V. Wilhelmi Eve Gruntfest Melissa L. Higgins 《Environmental Hazards》2013,12(3):134-146
Flood management policies in the United States rely on scientific information about the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation and runoff. Yet, the available information is inherently uncertain because of the complexity of meteorological and hydrological processes. In mountainous areas, flood risk can vary greatly even within short distances depending on local climate, topography, soil characteristics, and land use. This paper describes two Colorado cases in which policy makers were presented with conflicting scientific estimates: revision of the Fort Collins floodplain map and modification of the Cherry Creek Dam. The case studies demonstrate that uncertainty can have substantial impacts on regulatory processes, public safety, and costs. The analysis considers the differing perspectives of various participants in the flood management processes, illustrating the interplay between uncertainties attributable to scientific issues and values issues. It suggests that attempts to provide a single “best” estimate do not necessarily meet the decision needs of all stakeholders. Conclusions indicate a need to improve communication about uncertainty when scientific estimates areprovided to decision makers. Furthermore, in highly controversial decisions, it may be necessary to reframe the discussion to consider the values issues raised by scientific uncertainty. 相似文献
56.
António O. Soares Danny Haelewaters Olga M. C. C. Ameixa Isabel Borges Peter M. J. Brown Pedro Cardoso Michiel D. de Groot Edward W. Evans Audrey A. Grez Axel Hochkirch Milada Holecová Alois Honěk Ján Kulfan Ana I. Lillebø Zdenka Martinková J. P. Michaud Oldřich Nedvěd Omkar Helen E. Roy Swati Saxena Apoorva Shandilya Arnaud Sentis Jiri Skuhrovec Sandra Viglášová Peter Zach Tania Zaviezo John E. Losey 《Conservation biology》2023,37(1):e13965
Ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) provide services that are critical to food production, and they fulfill an ecological role as a food source for predators. The richness, abundance, and distribution of ladybirds, however, are compromised by many anthropogenic threats. Meanwhile, a lack of knowledge of the conservation status of most species and the factors driving their population dynamics hinders the development and implementation of conservation strategies for ladybirds. We conducted a review of the literature on the ecology, diversity, and conservation of ladybirds to identify their key ecological threats. Ladybird populations are most affected by climate factors, landscape composition, and biological invasions. We suggest mitigating actions for ladybird conservation and recovery. Short-term actions include citizen science programs and education, protective measures for habitat recovery and threatened species, prevention of the introduction of non-native species, and the maintenance and restoration of natural areas and landscape heterogeneity. Mid-term actions involve the analysis of data from monitoring programs and insect collections to disentangle the effect of different threats to ladybird populations, understand habitat use by taxa on which there is limited knowledge, and quantify temporal trends of abundance, diversity, and biomass along a management-intensity gradient. Long-term actions include the development of a worldwide monitoring program based on standardized sampling to fill data gaps, increase explanatory power, streamline analyses, and facilitate global collaborations. 相似文献
57.
Ronaldo Sousa Tadeusz Zając Dariusz Halabowski Olga V. Aksenova Yulia V. Bespalaya Francisco Carvalho Paulo Castro Karel Douda Janine P. da Silva Noé Ferreira-Rodríguez Juergen Geist Clemens Gumpinger Anna M. Labecka Jasna Lajtner Iga Lewin Manuel Lopes-Lima Alexandra Meira Keiko Nakamura Joana Garrido Nogueira Paz Ondina Małgorzata Ożgo Joaquim Reis Nicoletta Riccardi Spase Shumka Mikhail O. Son Amílcar Teixeira Frankie Thielen Maria Urbańska Simone Varandas Niklas Wengström Katarzyna Zając Alexandra Zieritz David C. Aldridge 《Conservation biology》2023,37(2):e13994
Europe has a long history of human pressure on freshwater ecosystems. As pressure continues to grow and new threats emerge, there is an urgent need for conservation of freshwater biodiversity and its ecosystem services. However, whilst some taxonomic groups, mainly vertebrates, have received a disproportionate amount of attention and funds, other groups remain largely off the public and scientific radar. Freshwater mussels (Bivalvia, Unionida) are an alarming example of this conservation bias and here we point out six conceptual areas that need immediate and long-term attention: knowledge, threats, socioeconomics, conservation, governance and education. The proposed roadmap aims to advance research, policy and education by identifying the most pressing priorities for the short- and long-term conservation of freshwater mussels across Europe. 相似文献
58.
Ainara Corts-Avizanda Henrique M. Pereira Ellen McKee Olga Ceballos Berta Martín-Lpez 《Ambio》2022,51(4):990
AbstractIn the current Anthropocene Era, with numerous escalating challenges for biodiversity conservation, the inclusion of the social dimension into management decisions regarding wildlife and protected areas is critical to their success. By conducting 354 questionnaires in a Mediterranean protected area (the Biosphere Reserve of Bardenas Reales, Northern Spain), we aim to determine sociodemographic factors influencing knowledge levels and perceptions of species and functional groups as, emblematic and threatened. We found that hunters and animal husbandry workers knew more species than other social actors. Additionally, the perception of functional groups as threatened or emblematic differed between social actor groups, with statistically significant associations between perceptions and the characteristics of respondents. Interestingly, we found that although elusive steppe species are globally considered as endangered, these species were the least known by all social actor groups and rarely perceived as emblematic. This research is a novel approach and provides a better understanding of how perceptions can facilitate conservation decisions, particularly regarding endangered speciesGraphic abstract Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-021-01546-6. 相似文献
59.
Alastair Franke Knud Falk Kevin Hawkshaw Skip Ambrose David L. Anderson Peter J. Bente Travis Booms Kurt K. Burnham Suzanne Carrire Johan Ekenstedt Ivan Fufachev Sergey Ganusevich Kenneth Johansen Jeff A. Johnson Sergey Kharitonov Pertti Koskimies Olga Kulikova Peter Lindberg Berth-Ove Lindstrm William G. Mattox Carol L. McIntyre Svetlana Mechnikova Dave Mossop Sren Mller lafur K. Nielsen Tuomo Ollila Arve stlyngen Ivan Pokrovsky Kim Poole Marco Restani Bryce W. Robinson Robert Rosenfield Aleksandr Sokolov Vasiliy Sokolov Ted Swem Katrin Vorkamp 《Ambio》2020,49(3):784-785
While collating contributions and comments from 36 researchers, the coordinating authors accidentally omitted Dr. Suzanne Carrière from the list of contributing co-authors. Dr. Carrière’s data are described in Tables 1 and 3, Figure 2 and several places in the narrative. The new author list is thus updated in this article. 相似文献
60.
Arabinogalactan and glycyrrhizin based nanopesticides as novel delivery systems for plant protection
Selyutina Olga Yu. Khalikov Salavat S. Polyakov Nikolay E. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(6):5864-5872
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - During the past decade, nanotechnologies opened a new era in delivery of plant protection products through the development of nanosized controlled... 相似文献