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排序方式: 共有448条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
91.
Edmarlon Girotto Maira Sayuri Sakai Bortoletto Alberto Durán González Arthur Eumann Mesas Tiago Severo Peixe Camilo Molino Guidoni 《Traffic injury prevention》2019,20(5):504-509
Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the role of working conditions as predictors of sleepiness while driving among truck drivers.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out among truck drivers who transported grains to Paranaguá Port, Paraná, Brazil. The truck drivers were interviewed and completed a self-administered questionnaire to collect data on sociodemographic and behavioral variables, working conditions, consumption of illicit psychoactive substances, and sleep patterns. Drivers were considered to be sleepy while driving if they reported a medium or high probability of napping while driving at night, during the daytime, or while stopped in traffic. The statistical analysis used logistic regression models progressively adjusted for age, behavioral variables, sleep duration, and other working conditions.Results: In total, 670 male drivers, with a mean age of 41.9 (±11.1) years, were enrolled. The prevalence of sleepiness while driving was 31.5%. After model adjustments, the following working conditions were associated with sleepiness while driving: Distance from the last shipment of more than 1,000?km (odds ratio [OR]?=?1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–2.23) and a formal labor contract with a productivity-based salary (OR = 2.65; 95% CI, 1.86–3.78). Consumption of illicit psychoactive substances (OR = 1.99; 95% CI, 1.14–3.47) was also associated with sleepiness while driving.Conclusions: Distance traveled and a formal labor contract with productivity-based earnings were the working conditions associated with sleepiness while driving, regardless of other working or behavioral characteristics, age, consumption of illicit psychoactive substances, and sleep duration. 相似文献
92.
Maria João Cruz Elisabeth Maria Rogier Robert Tiago Costa David Avelar Rui Rebelo Mário Pulquério 《Regional Environmental Change》2016,16(5):1293-1304
Assessing biodiversity vulnerability to future climate change is essential for developing robust adaptation strategies. A number of vulnerability assessment methodologies have been developed, from bioclimatic envelop models to more complex approaches that also consider biological traits and population status. However, the lack of comparative studies leaves the user to choose among the different methodologies without much guidance. This study applied three vulnerability assessment approaches to the Portuguese herpetofauna: (I) impact assessment approach based on bioclimatic models; (II) integrated vulnerability assessment approach, adding the evaluation of adaptive capacity to approach I; and (III) integrated vulnerability assessment and validation based on expert consultation. Results showed disagreement between the different approaches for 19 % of the species studied. Most differences were found between approach III and the two other approaches. All approaches showed advantages and limitations, the choice of a methodology being ultimately dependent on the study goals. Approach I has proven efficient to capture general vulnerability patterns. Approach II, although presenting results similar to approach I, allows for the identification of key factors affecting the species adaptive capacity and may be useful in tailoring adaptation measures. Approach III further allows us to identify knowledge gaps and to evaluate vulnerability when data availability or quality is reduced. Further, because this approach is based on an expert workshop, it has proven a perfect means to build on the vulnerability assessment results to identify indicator species and prioritize specific adaptation options. 相似文献
93.
David J. Suggett Ruy K. P. Kikuchi Marília D. M. Oliveira Saulo Spanó Rafael Carvalho David J. Smith 《Marine Biology》2012,159(7):1461-1473
Coral communities were examined from highly turbid near-shore marginal reefs of Abrolhos (Brazil) to test a paradigm previously developed from observations in clear water reefs; specifically, that coral photobiological properties follow a highly conserved linear relationship with optical depth (ζ) via preferential ‘non-photochemical’ over ‘photochemical’ dissipation of absorbed light energy. PAM flourometry in situ was used to examine the photobiology of the most dominant coral species throughout the platform surfaces and bases of Abrolhos’ characteristic ‘chapeir?es’ reef framework; however, none of the species consistently adhered to the ‘clear water paradigm’. PAM measurements further demonstrated that species conformed to two different strategies of non-photochemical energy dissipation: transient but relatively rapid for the two closely related endemic species (Mussismilia braziliensis and Mussismilia harttii) as opposed to more persistent for Montastrea cavernosa, Porites astreoides and Siderastrea stellata. Further experiments demonstrated that tolerance to anomalous stress amongst species did not correspond with the non-photochemical energy dissipation strategy present but was consistent with the relative dominance of species within the chapeir?es coral communities. 相似文献
94.
R. S. Oliveira Jr. W. C. Koskinen N. R. Werdin P. Y. Yen 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(1):39-49
Abstract The sorption of imidacloprid (l‐[(6‐chloro‐3‐pyridinyl)‐methyl]‐N‐nitro‐2‐imidazolid‐inimine) (IMI) and its metabolites imidacloprid‐urea (l‐[(6‐chloro‐3‐pyridinyl)‐methyl]‐2‐imidazol‐idinone) (IU), imidacloprid‐guanidine (l‐[(6‐chloro‐3‐pyridinyl)‐methyl]‐4,5‐dihydro‐lH‐imidazol‐2‐amine) (IG), and imida‐cloprid‐guanidine‐olefin ( 1 ‐[(6‐chloro‐3‐pyridinyl)methyl]‐lH‐imidazol‐2‐amine) (IGO) was determined on six typical Brazilian soils. Sorption of the chemicals on the soil was characterized using the batch equilibration method. The range and order of sorption (Kd) on the six soils was IG (4.75–134) > IGO (2.87–72.3) > IMI (0.55 ‐16.9) > IU (0.31–9.50). For IMI and IU, Kd was correlated with soil organic carbon (OC) content and CEC, the latter due to the high correlation between OC and cation exchange capacity (CEC) (R2=0.98). For IG and IGO, there was no correlation of sorption to clay, pH, OC or CEC due to the high sorption on all soils. Average Koc values were IU = 170, IMI = 362, IGO = 2433, and IG = 3500. Although Kd and Koc values found were consistently lower than those found in soils developed in non‐tropical climates, imidacloprid and its metabolites were still considered to be slightly mobile to immobile in Brazilian soils. 相似文献
95.
Kouloukoui Daniel Marinho Marcia Mara de Oliveira Gomes Sônia Maria da Silva de Jong Pieter Kiperstok Asher Torres Ednildo Andrade 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2020,25(1):127-147
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - The corporate sector is one of the main emitters in the world due to the production process and therefore is identified as a major... 相似文献
96.
Simões Marta Filipa Maiorano Alfredo Eduardo dos Santos Jonas Gomes Peixoto Luciana de Souza Rodrigo Fernando Brambilla Neto Almir Oliveira Brito António Guerreiro Ottoni Cristiane Angélica 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(3):1413-1420
Environmental Chemistry Letters - The anthraquinone dye Remazol Brilliant Blue R is largely used in the textile industry. However, its removal from wastewaters is costly and complex. Many methods... 相似文献
97.
Lumbaque Elisabeth Cuervo Schweigert Cálita Elis dos Santos Leonardo Oliveira Lavayen Vladimir dos Santos João Henrique Zimnoch Sirtori Carla 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):24124-24137
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Pharmaceuticals, such as dipyrone (DIP), paracetamol (PCT), and propranolol (PPN), are widely used analgesics and beta-blockers with the greatest... 相似文献
98.
99.
E.A. Oliveira N.G.P. Nogueira M.D.M. Innocentini R. Pisani 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2010,30(11):2327-2335
Public healthcare wastes from the region of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, pre-sterilized in an autoclave, were inoculated with spores of Bacillus atrophaeus for microwave processing on a laboratory scale. The influence of waste moisture (40%, 50% and 60% wet basis), presence of surfactant, power per unit mass of waste (100, 150 and 200 W/kg) and radiation exposure time (from 5 to 40 min) on the heating curves was investigated. The most favorable conditions for waste heating with respect to moisture and use of surfactant were then applied in an experimental analysis of the degree of inactivation of B. atrophaeus spores as a function of time and power per unit mass of waste. Based on Chick’s and Arrhenius laws, the experimental results were adjusted by the least squares method to determine the activation energies (9203–5782 J/mol) and the Arrhenius pre-exponential factor (0.23 min?1). The kinetic parameters thus obtained enabled us to predict the degree of inactivation achieved for B. atrophaeus spores in typical healthcare waste. The activation energy was found to decrease as the power per waste mass increased, leading to the conclusion that, in addition to the thermal effect on the inactivation of B. atrophaeus spores, there was an effect inherent to radiation. 相似文献
100.
Micheli Dassi Naiéli S. Souto Ana C. M. Braga Mayara L. Freitas Clarissa Vasconcelos Mauro S. Oliveira 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(12):840-845
AbstractFu monisin B1 (FB1) is a mycotoxin commonly found in maize and maize-based products. Ingestion of FB1-contaminated causes a myriad of dose- and species-dependent toxic effects to human and animal health. In the present study we evaluated the effects of FB1 (8?mg/kg, i.p. for 4?days) on body weight and oxidative stress parameters in the liver, kidney and lung of C57BL/6 male mice. No changes in the organ-to-body weight ratio, organ-to-adrenal gland weight ratio or organ-to-brain weight ratio were found. On the other hand, FB1 exposure increased NPSH levels in liver and lungs whereas decreased FRAP content in liver and kidneys. Levels of TBARS, ascorbic acid and NOx content were not altered by FB1. In summary, four days of FB1 exposure are sufficient to disrupt antioxidant defenses in liver, kidneys and lungs of C57BL/6 male mice without concomitant changes in organs weight. 相似文献