光-Fenton氧化破解剩余污泥和改善污泥脱水性能

利用紫外光-Fenton（光-Fenton）氧化处理城市剩余污泥,通过上清液的SCOD、多聚糖以及蛋白质浓度表征污泥胞外聚合物（EPS）的破解情况,通过污泥过滤比阻（SRF）和滤饼含水率表征污泥脱水性能的变化。结果表明,光．Fenton氧化破解污泥EPS和改善污泥脱水性能的效能明显优于单独Fenton反应和单独紫外光照射处理。pH为3、反应时间为2h,H2O2投加量为4g／L和Fe^2＋投加量为0．6mg／L是光-Fenton氧化处理供试污泥的适宜条件。在适宜处理条件下,污泥上清液中的SCOD、多聚糖和蛋白质浓度分别由67．46mg／L、12．53mg／L和8．62mg／L增加到568．12mg／L、448．62mg／L和292．94mg／L;SRF和滤饼含水率分别由2．4×10^S2／g和88．52％下降至5．26×10^8S^2／g和76．36％。光-Fenton反应在有效破懈污泥的同时,提高了污泥的脱水性能．有利于污泥的减量化。     

论河北省高职教育发展的现状与未来

近年来,河北省的高职教育已经取得了很大的成果,然而有些院校仍然存在盲目设置专业、“双师型”教师短缺、缺乏对毕业生指导等不足。展望未来,河北高职教育应集团化,与企业密切加强合作,加大对第三产业高职人才的培养工作,同时高职院校应对周边群众提供教育与技术支持等工作。     

钢筋混凝土结构构件局部地震损伤多尺度监测方法

提出一种结构局部地震损伤过程的多尺度监测方法。首先,在混凝土材料尺度上,针对混凝土材料细观随机性影响问题,基于压电智能骨料进行混凝土压应力监测,通过试验方法建立了混凝土损伤全过程中压电智能骨料应力与混凝土宏观应力的概率统计关系;其次,在截面尺度上,基于MEMS倾角仪转动监测方法,提出混凝土压弯构件截面曲率的监测方法,并通过试验验证了该方法的可行性;最后,在构件尺度上,提出基于转动积分的层间变形监测方法并给出了转动监测位置的设计原理,通过构件试验验证了该监测方法的可靠性。     

硫酸盐还原作用对废水厌氧处理的影响

采用半连续流运行方式研究了硫酸盐还原作用对废水厌氧处理的影响。试验结果表明:当温度为35℃,pH为7.2～7.4时,进水COD/SO42-≥10,硫酸盐还原作用不致于对产甲烷菌产生严重抑制;进水COD/SO42-≥5,反应器能承受的COD负荷小于2.05kg/ (m3·d),超过这一负荷,反应器会发生严重抑制;进水COD/SO42-≥2,反应器能承受的COD负荷小于1.0kg/(m3·d)。进水COD/SO42-比值越小,反应器能承受的COD负荷越低。反应器污泥浓度高有利于硫酸盐废水的处理。      

连云港海州湾海域赤潮生物的种类调查及形成原因

以光学显微镜对在2003-2006 年连云港海州湾附近海域采集的浮游生物进行观察,初步鉴定出赤潮的种类,并对形成赤潮的原因进行了分析,期望该调查分析结果对于海州湾附近海域生态研究,摸清赤潮的成因和过程,定期监测,减少灾害的发生有一定的促进作用.     

大气中CO2与O3浓度升高对植物光合作用影响研究

随着工业化进程的加快,两种温室气体CO2和O3在大气中浓度不断升高,对植物光合作用产生重要影响.通过从气体交换参数、光合色素含量、叶绿素荧光特性、光合酶、生物量及产量等多方面分析国内外CO2O3单独作用及复合作用对植物光合过程和机理、光合作用物质基础及光合产物的影响,深入了解两种污染气体作用下植物光合响应机制,以期为植物光合作用分子水平的研究以及有效应对未来全球大气变化提供理论依据.     

Emissions and distribution of methyl bromide in field beds applied at two rates and covered with two types of plastic mulches

A field experiment was conducted to compare two plastic mulches and two application rates on surface emissions and subsurface distribution of methyl bromide (MBr) in field beds in Florida. Within 30 minutes after injection of MBr to 30 cm depth, MBr had diffused upward to soil surface in all beds covered with polyethylene film (PE) or virtually impermeable film (VIF) and applied at a high rate (392 kg/ha) and a low rate (196 kg/ha). Due to the highly permeable nature of PE, within 30 minutes after injection, MBr volatilized from the bed surfaces of the two PE-covered beds into the atmosphere. The amount of volatilization was greater for the high rate-treatment bed. On the other hand, volatilization of MBr from the bed surfaces of the two VIF-covered beds were negligible. Volatilization losses occurred from the edges of all the beds covered with PE or VIF and were greater from the high rate-treatment beds. Initial vertical diffusion of MBr in the subsurface of the beds covered with PE or VIF was mainly upward, as large concentrations of MBr were detected from near bed surfaces to 20 cm depth in these beds 30 minutes after injection and little or no MBr was found at 40 cm depth. The two VIF-covered beds exhibited greater MBr concentrations and longer resident times in the root zone (0.5–40 cm depth) than corresponding PE-covered beds. Concentrations of MBr in the root zone of the high rate-treatment beds were 3.6–6.1 times larger than the low rate-treatment beds during the first days after application. In conclusion, VIF promoted retention of MBr in the root zone and, if volatilization loss from bed edges can be blocked, volatilization loss from VIF-covered beds should be negligible.     

不同氧浓度下脱脂餐厨垃圾燃烧特性及动力学研究

利用热重分析法和Coats-Redfern积分法,对不同氧浓度下脱脂餐厨垃圾的燃烧特性进行研究,得到了各试样的着火温度、燃烬温度及综合燃烧特性指数,并通过燃烧动力学分析得到各试样的活化能。实验结果表明,燃烧温度从室温升至1 000℃时,脱脂餐厨垃圾燃烧过程可分为3个失重阶段:水分析出阶段、挥发分析出及燃烧阶段和固定碳燃烧阶段;随着氧浓度的升高,脱脂餐厨垃圾最大失重率以及燃烧特性指数等燃烧特性参数都有显著变化。根据Coats-Redfern积分法计算得低温和高温阶段的活化能分别为83.76~91.2 k J/mol和95.25~141.7 k J/mol。     

Cd胁迫下水稻叶片SOD活性和MDA含量与糙米中Cd含量的相关性研究

以中嘉早17号为材料,采用水培试验方法,研究水稻超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量在不同浓度Cd胁迫下的变化,并探讨了其与水稻糙米Cd含量的相关性。结果表明,在水稻发育过程中,SOD活性和MDA含量与Cd胁迫浓度呈正相关。SOD活性变化趋势为分蘖期乳熟期孕穗期; MDA含量变化趋势为分蘖期孕穗期乳熟期,且水稻主要时期叶片SOD活性和MDA含量与糙米Cd含量均呈显著正相关。     

Dissolved organic carbon, a critical factor to increase the bioavailability of phosphorus during biochar-amended aerobic composting

Considerable research efforts have been devoted to increase phosphorus（P） availability during aerobic composting.However,there is little discussion weather the dissolved organic carbon（DOC） controls the transformation among P-fractions.Thus,we investigated the changes in DOC compositions and P-fractions during biochar-amended composting（wet weight basis,5% and 10%）.TP content continuously increased since the ’concentration effect’ during aerobic composting.NaHCO₃-Pi,NaOH-Pi and HCl-Pi...