差压法测定水样中的BOD5

差压法（压力感测法）是测定BOD5的一种简单可靠的方法,OxiTop即是基于这一原理的BOD测量系统,经试验验证分析,该方法操作简单、结果准确,是目前测定BOD5较好的一种方法。     

层次分析法在功能区噪声监测点位优选中的应用

运用层次分析法对功能区噪声进行优选,各功能区噪声监测点位个数分配根据功能区面积和复杂性、各功能区噪声监测点位确定根据专家比例标度赋值进行评定。     

基于可分离性指数的溢油图像定量分析

鉴于许多溢油监测技术都缺少量化指标,为了评价溢油监测方法,提出一种基于数学统计模型的评价指数——可分离性指数SI,通过对TM影像的处理,验证了利用油膜光谱曲线确定溢油监测通道的可行性,评价了几种图像增强的方法,得出高斯拉伸与直方图均衡化增强处理较佳,并经过反复试验建立数学描述性评价指标。结果证明该指数能够有效评价溢油监测方法。     

我国古代灾害文学作品概说

我国古代文学的每个时期都有富于特色的文学形式,也有独具魅力的灾害文学作品,本文从各个历史时期抽离出具有代表性的灾害文学作品,如先秦时期的灾害神话和灾害诗歌,两汉魏晋时期的灾害诗歌和散文,唐宋时期的灾害诗歌,元明清时期的灾害小说等等,并对这些作品进行简单分析,以实现灾害文学基础性研究之目的。     

变频器对测震仪器系统产生干扰的原因分析

本文从乌什地震台数字化测震仪器系统出现50Hz的电干扰信号和数据接收系统出现传输中断等现象入手,通过系统分析认为,乌什地震台在架设无塔供水设施时使用了变频器,变频器的使用是导致数字化测震仪器系统产生干扰的原因所在。针对干扰出现的成因,我们使用了数字滤波、接地等一些方法,取得了一定的效果。     

Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange over ITO/CdS/ZnO interface composite films

ITO/CdS/ZnO interface composite films were successfully prepared by subsequent electrodeposition of CdS and ZnO onto indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates. The obtained ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films were investigated using methyl orange (MO) as a model organic compound under UV light irradiation. The influence of operating parameters on MO degradation including initial concentration of MO, pH value of solution, and inorganic anion species over the composite films were examined. A blue shift of absorption threshold was observed for the ITO/CdS/ZnO film in comparison with ITO/ZnO film. ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films prepared under specific conditions showed a higher photocatalytic activity than that of ITO/ZnO films. It was also found that the photocatalytic degradation of MO on the composite filing followed pseudo-first order kinetics.     

土壤分析中砷、硒、汞的同时消解

土壤分析中砷、硒、汞的消解,目前普遍采用的都是酸性条件下的水浴加热消解法.但是所用的酸度却各不相同.本文通过不同酸度下实验,找寻出一个合适的酸度,同时消解砷、硒、汞3种元素,可同时消解,分别检测.     

淡水水体底泥厌氧氨氧化菌的初步富集培养与氨氧化特性

对已通过16SrRNA基因方法检测到厌氧氨氧化菌(anammox菌)的江苏新沂河底泥样品在厌氧生物反应器中进行连续培养,研究这种新发现的anammox菌的生长特性,及其厌氧氨氧化效应.培养试验历时49d.经25d的启动期,反应器中氨氮和亚硝酸氮开始同时降低,并与厌氧氨氧化反应的化学计量关系类似.此后,反应器的氮转化量呈上升趋势(最大值接近0.17kg.m-.3d-1).底泥经培养后,anammox菌得到了富集,其数量从1%提高到5.6%,其倍增时间为12d.研究还发现反应器生物量的流失,出水中含有与anammox菌特异性基因探针杂交并正进行增殖的细菌细胞,但其生物特性有待深入研究.     

1950s中期以来东北地区盐碱地时空变化及成因分析

论文以1950s中期1:100000地形图和2000年Landsat/TM影像为数据源,基于地学知识重塑1950s中期盐碱地分布状况,通过人机交互解译方式获取2000年盐碱地分布状况,然后采用GIS空间分析方法对近50年盐碱地时空变化特征进行分析。结果表明：①东北盐碱地主要分布在松嫩平原(占90%以上)和呼伦贝尔草原,盐碱地由58.51×10⁴hm²增至219.31×10⁴hm²,吉林省盐碱地扩展最显著,盐碱地面积最大;②盐碱化程度从以轻度盐碱化为主发展为以中重度盐碱化为主;③气候变化、水利灌溉设施和道路网建设、过牧和滥垦、油田开采等多种因素导致东北盐碱地扩大,但在局部地区由于生态恢复和改良利用措施、过量抽取地下水导致水位大幅度下降,使得盐碱地也有缩减。     

Enhanced and irreversible sorption of pesticide pyrimethanil by soil amended with biochars

Biochar derived from partial combustion of vegetation is ubiquitous and potentially effective in sequestration of environmental contaminants.Biochars were prepared by burning of red gum(Eucalyptus spp.) woodchips at 450 and 850°C(labeled as BC450 and BC850).These two biochars were found to possess markedly different properties in terms of surface area and porosity.Short-term equilibration tests(24 hr) were conducted to assess the sorption-desorption behavior of pyrimethanil in the soil amended with various amounts of biochar of each type,with a special focus on the desorption behavior of the sorbed pesticide through four times successive desorption by dilution.Sorption coefficient and isotherm nonlinearity of the amended soils progressively increased with the content of biochar in the soil.Biochar BC850 with higher surface area and microporosity showed a stronger effect on the reversibility of sorption pesticide.The soils amended with 5% BC450 and 1% BC850 had nearly the same sorption capacity for pyrimethanil;however,their desorption processes were very different with 13.65% and 1.49% of the sorbed pesticide being released,respectively.This study suggested that biochar in soil could be an important factor for immobilization of a pesticide and thus affecting its environment fate in soil.