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691.
阴离子表面活性剂是环境中分布广泛且具有代表性的一类有机污染物。采用分置式膜生物反应器(MBR)进行去除模拟废水中阴离子表面活性剂(LSS)的实验.结果表明:MBR对阴离子表面活性剂的去除率高于90%。同时考察了阴离子表面活性剂生物降解的影响因素,确定其适宜降解蒂件为:气体流量为0.3m^3/h、活性污泥浓度为6948mg/L。初步探计了降解动力学和降解机理,研究表明对阴离子表面活性剂的去除符合拟一级反应动力学过程,且生物降解对其去除起主要作用。 相似文献
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Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] in the form of potassium dichromate was photochemically reduced to trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] in aqueous solutions containing glycerol. This reaction occurred rapidly during irradiation with either unfiltered sunlight or a UVA-emitting light source. Photochemical reduction of Cr(VI) was pH-dependent and did not occur in dilute solutions of sodium hydroxide. In acidified solutions, the reduction occurred at elevated rates and at lower concentrations of glycerol. This reaction was found to be dependent on the unsubstituted alcohol groups of glycerol since alpha-phosphoglycerol and beta-phosphoglycerol did not support the photochemical reduction of Cr(VI). These findings suggest that glycerol or related polyols can be used for the remediation of hexavalent (toxic) chromium at contaminated environmental sites. 相似文献
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阐述了宾馆行业在环保设施竣工验收监测中应采取的关键步骤、运营过程中污染物的来源,提出了合理的监测因子和监测时段;同时从管理的角度,提出了验收监测应具备的基础条件。 相似文献
698.
超声波强化污水厌氧生物处理综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对超声波辐射促进微生物活性以及超声波强化污水好氧生物处理、厌氧污泥减量化处理等作用机制的分析研究,探讨将超声波应用于强化污水厌氧生物处理的可行性.同时对超声波强化污水厌氧生物处理的应用前景进行了展望. 相似文献
699.
Aqueous solubilities of four non-ortho and eight mono-ortho substituted PCBs were determined using a generator-column technique followed by subsequent off-line GC/ECD analysis of the aqueous solutions. The method is based on pumping water through a column containing glass beads coated with the congener being studied and has been used to measure solubilities at room temperature. The method circumvents many of the experimental difficulties encountered with the traditional shake-flask system. Aqueous solubility of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl determined by this procedure is compared with data obtained from the shake-flask method and the computational method. The precision of replicate measurements is better than ±6.5%. Aqueous solubilities determined for 12 congeners ranged from 6.07 × 10−11 to 4.47 × −9 mol/L and generally decreased with molecular weight and increased with degree of ortho-chlorine substitution within a molecular-weight class. 相似文献
700.
TiO2 photocatalytic degradation of PCBs in soil-water systems containing fluoro surfactant 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Titanium dioxide-mediated photodegradation of Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soil/aqueous systems with added fluorinated surfactant was investigated. PCBs can bind tightly to organic matter in the soil, especially in aged, contaminated soil. Experiments showed an effective PCB photocatalytic degradation in mixed systems of soil/clay with anionic fluorinated surfactant FC-143 and TiO2. The FC-143 surfactant is stable in this photochemical process. PCB degradation rates in samples followed the order: spiked clay > spiked soil > Hudson River bank soil. The results suggest that anionic fluorinated surfactant may form semimicelles and/or admicelles on the surface of positively charged TiO2. The hydrophobic surface of TiO2 can provide a nonpolar phase that acts as a partioning medium for hydrophobic PCBs. Therefore, PCBs in soil can be released to the semimicelle and/or admicelle on the TiO2 surface and are effectively photodegraded in a dispersion containing anionic fluorinated surfactant. The combination of surfactant extraction and photooxidation forms the basis for a novel two-stage process for the removal and destruction of PCBs from soil. 相似文献