玻璃纸生产废气中的CS_2和H_2S的治理

阐述了玻璃纸生产中CS2和H2S废气产生的原理,介绍了该废气处理的现状,总结了目前普遍采用的冷凝法、活性炭吸附法、活性碳纤维吸附法、改性活性炭吸附法、螯合铁氧化法、吸收—吸附法等处理方法的特点和效果。介绍了一种先采用螯合铁氧化法、再采用冷凝法、最后采用活性炭吸附法的综合处理工艺,可使废气达标排放。     

Comparing the Growth Characteristics of Three Bacteria Involved in Degrading Rubbers

Three bacteria isolated for degradation of rubbers were compared for their growth characteristics derived from the Bradford protein assay and turbidity (optical density, OD) measurement. Both Alcaligenes xylosoxidans T2 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa GP10 were fast-growing bacteria while Nocardia corynebacterioides S3 was a slow grower utilizing rubber as the sole source of carbon and energy, but the extent of degradation was lower by the formers than the latter. A. xylosoxidans T2, P. aeruginosa GP10 and N. corynebacterioides S3 showed a typical sigmoidal growth pattern based on binding of Coomassie Brilliant Blue G250 to bacterial proteins and spectrophotometrical measurement at 600 nm. Both assays showed similar growth characteristics for all three bacteria in this study. Degradation of rubber was more pronounced by N. corynebacterioides S3 than either A. xylosoxidans T2 or P. aeruginosa GP10 during 70 days of incubation. Our results suggest that slow-growing bacteria may play a much greater role in degrading polymeric materials than was previously believed.     

两宋时期瘟疫灾害时空分布规律初探

两宋自公元960年宋太祖赵匡胤建立宋朝起,经北宋(公元960～1127年)与南宋(公元1127～1279年)共320年。该时期是我国历史上的重要转型期,各种疫情凸显,带来了深重的灾难。宋代发生流行型疫病204次,12个种类,其中引起疫灾49次。无论从京城到地方,从皇室、军队到百姓,还是从正史、名著到野史,不乏有关瘟疫的记载。随着当时政治经济中心从开封向临安迁移,瘟疫灾害的重灾区从开封迁移到杭州,受灾次数从东南向西南逐渐减少。孝宗时期至宁宗(1163～1223年)瘟疫发生频率最高,理宗时期至宋亡(1224年～1279年)发生频率最低。夏秋季节,各种疾疫尤为流行。     

Rainwater utilization and storm pollution control based on urban runoff characterization

The characteristics of urban runoffs and their impact on rainwater utilization and storm pollution control were investigated in three different functional areas of Zhengzhou City, China. The results showed that in the same rain event the pollutant loads (chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS)) in the sampling areas were in the order of industrial area > commercial area > residential area, and within the same area the COD and TSS concentrations of road runoffs were higher than those of roof runoffs. The first flush effects in roof and road runoffs were observed, hence the initial rainwater should be treated separately to reduce rainwater utilization cost and control storm pollution. The initial roof rainfall of 2 mm in residential area, 5 mm in commercial area and 10 mm in industrial area, and the initial road rainfall of 4 mm in residential area and all the road rainfall in commercial and industrial areas should be collected and treated accordingly before direct discharge or utilization. Based on the strong correlation between COD and TSS (R~2, 0.87-0.95) and the low biodegradation capacity (biochemical oxygen demand BOD_5/COD < 0.3), a sedimentation process and an effective filtration system composed of soil and slag were designed to treat the initial rainwater, which could remove over 90% of the pollutant loads. The above results may help to develop better rainwater utilization and pollution control strategies for cities with water shortages.     

Impacts of algal blooms removal by chitosan-modified soils on zooplankton community in Taihu Lake, China

It is important to assess the e ect on zooplankton when perform the environmental protection or restoration technology, especially removing algal blooms, because algae were the major primary producer in algal lakes. The influence on zooplankton community after half a year of algal blooms removed by chitosan-modified soils in Taihu Lake was assessed and the rationality of carrying out the process semiannually was evaluated in the present study. Morphological composition and genetic diversity of zooplankton community were investigated by microscope checkup and polymerase chain reaction-denatured gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). A total of 44 zooplankton taxa (23 protozoa, 17 rotifers, 3 copepoda and 1 cladocera) were detected by microscope checkup, and a total of 91 bands (28 bands amplified by primers F1427-GC and R1616, 63 bands amplified by primers Fung-GC and NS1) were detected by PCR-DGGE. The results of cluster analysis or detrended correspondence analysis indicated that there was no considerable di erence in morphological composition of zooplankton and DGGE profiles between experimental and control sites, and DGGE profiles could represent the biologic diversity. The study showed that zooplankton community could recover original condition after half year of algal blooms removed by chitosan-modified soils and it was acceptable to apply this process semiannually. In addition, the results revealed that PCR-DGGE could be applied to investigate the impacts of the environmental protection or restoration engineering on zooplankton community diversity.     

县级环境信息现状特点与发展探讨

通过对县级环境信息现状特点的分析阐述,对今后县级环境信息中心的发展进行了探讨。     

光照对固定化菌藻去除市政污水有机物的研究

通过动态实验,研究了全天光照、半天光照、无光照不同光照时间下以及二极管光源和日光灯光源不同光源条件下,固定化菌藻共生系统对模拟生活污水中有机物去除的影响,结果表明：24h全光照、12h半光照及黑暗条件下固定化菌藻对有机物去除差别不大,二极管光源照射下固定化菌藻对有机物去除的适应性及能耗优于日光灯光源。     

循环经济发展战略下的企业决策行为研究——以天津滨海新区为例

在循环经济发展战略下,企业呈现出不同的行为模式,选择差异性目标和决策成本构成了企业的决策过程。转变经济发展方式的要求强化了企业所面对的市场竞争,而企业发展循环经济是具有内在动力机制的市场化行为。     

HAZOP分析应用探讨

阐述了HAZOP分析的应用过程及分析示例,总结了HAZOP分析的作用,并提出了实施建议。     

Effect of temperature on the sorption and desorption of perfluorooctane sulfonate on humic acid

Sorption and desorption of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) on humic acid at different temperatures were studied. It was found that the sorption process could be modeled with power kinetic equation very well, suggesting that diflusion predominated the sorption of PFOS on the humic acid. The sorption capacity was doubled when the temperature increased from 5 to 35°C, and thermodynamics parameters △G0 was calculated to be -7.11 to -5.04 kJ/mol, △H0 was 14.2 kJ/mol, and △S 0 was 69.5 J/(mol·K), indicating that the sorption was a spontaneous, endothermic, and entropy driven process. Desorption hysteresis occurred at all studied temperatures which suggested that humic acid may be an important sink of PFOS in the environment.